How wheat is turned into flour

The main process of wheat flour production is to separate the endosperm from the wheat germ and the wheat husk after the wheat kernel is cleaned and moisture adjusted, and then the endosperm is ground into flour.

With the help of certain techniques and equipment will be cleaned, modulated after the net wheat processing into finished flour in accordance with national standards. In this process, the wheat grain endosperm and wheat husk (pericarp and seed coat) and embryo separation, and grinding into powder. Wheat flour production is the main process of wheat grain after cleaning and moisture adjustment will endosperm and wheat germ, wheat skin separation, and then endosperm grinding into powder.

Wheat grain consists of three parts: endosperm, embryo and wheat husk. The percentage of each part by weight is: endosperm 82 ~ Shixiang 85%, embryo 2 ~ 3%, wheat skin 12 ~ hole 14%. The endosperm contains a large amount of starch, and contains part of the gluten composed of protein, is used to make bread, pastries and other major raw materials for a variety of foods. Wheat skin contains more fiber, less nutrients, mainly used as feed.

Development

Chinese in the Neolithic era has appeared in the grain on a larger stone, holding a small stone in the grain back and forth on the grinding method of consumption. Later, there is a stone mill and gradually developed by human power to use animal power to promote, so the milling industry continues to progress. 1795, the United States flour mills began to realize part of the mechanization, wheat cleaning equipment has also been innovated, but the main tool for milling is still the stone mill.

To the 19th century, Europe began to use marble, pig iron or magnetic earth grinding rolls; France in the late 19th century, the use of clearing machine, by the wind to remove the light weight of the wheat skin, in order to obtain a cleaner wheat to return to the liquid residue of the milling powder. But until the steel mold cast iron mill rolls and round sieve, flat sieve appeared after the flour industry has a modern form.

China's first mechanism of flour mills is the German businessmen in Shanghai in 1894 to build Zhengyu flour mill. 1915, China's flour industry has been developed, but mainly concentrated in the coastal areas, the number of domestic real estate wheat area is very small, basically relying on imports of flour milling machinery. People's Republic of China **** and after the establishment of the State, flour milling has been using domestic equipment.

Reference: Baidu Encyclopedia-Wheat Flouring