Hejing County [Exploration and Promotion of Multiple Cropping and Efficient Cultivation Mode in Hejing County]

Multi-cropping and high-efficiency cultivation is to make use of limited land resources and light and heat resources, make scientific layout, and use interplanting, multiple cropping and other planting methods and comprehensive supporting technologies to make crops win longer growth period and effective accumulated temperature, thus improving multiple cropping index and improving comprehensive planting benefits of crops. In this way, Hejing County makes maximum use of the insufficient light and heat resources in two or more seasons to realize the "win-win" of increasing agricultural production and increasing efficiency and adjusting planting structure.

1 Advantages of multiple cropping and efficient cultivation

1. 1 Maximize benefits

Through research, crops with county characteristics, excellent quality, market demand and suitable time and space are selected, and technologies such as high ridge plastic film planting, soil testing and formula fertilization, seedling transplanting, drip irrigation under plastic film and integrated pest control are integrated, so as to deeply tap the potential of increasing income and increasing efficiency with a stable output value of more than 3,000 yuan /667m2 and a benefit of more than 2,000 yuan /667m2, and greatly improve the land output benefits.

1.2 to achieve a balance between income and risk

According to the market demand, climate characteristics and the development of leading characteristic industries, scientific collocation should be carried out, and the traditional mode of complementary physiological characteristics should be gradually changed to a new mode of complementary climate and benefits and risks, so as to prevent the price fluctuation of agricultural products from being affected by market regulation and the safe growth of crops from being affected by disastrous weather, and realize the balance between benefits and risks.

1.3 to realize food safety production and optimize planting structure.

By exploring, summarizing and popularizing the multi-cropping and high-efficiency mode of grain and the new multi-cropping and high-efficiency planting mode with outstanding regional characteristics, the comprehensive level of grain production will be improved, regional superior characteristic planting will be developed, superior resources will be integrated, farmers will be guided to develop in the direction of regionalization, specialization, industrialization and scale, and the optimization of agricultural planting structure and the transformation of agricultural growth mode will be promoted.

2 Main multi-cropping and high-efficiency models in counties

2. 1 processing pepper intercropping fennel model

2. 1. 1 mode

In mid-March, mechanically ridging, fertilizing and covering with plastic film, planting peppers with seeder or artificial point planting, the average row spacing is 50cm, and the plant spacing varies according to different types of peppers, namely, line pepper 15cm, board pepper 22cm and tin pepper 30cm, with two seedlings left in each hole, and the number of seedlings left for three kinds of peppers is 17000 plants//667m2 and 6544 respectively. Immediately after pepper sowing, drill a row of fennel between the ridge-back pepper rows, with the plant spacing of about 50cm, the row spacing of 100cm, the seedling protection density of 35,000-35,000 plants /667m2, and the sowing amount of 300-500 g/667m2. The variety is Turpan big seed. It is better to raise seedlings and transplant peppers.

2. 1.2 Revenue

The output of fennel is above 50kg/667m2, the output of pepper is 400kg/667m2, and the output value can reach 4,000 yuan /667m2. Excluding the cost, the net profit can reach 2,600 yuan /667m2.

2.2 Industrial tomato interplanting fennel mode

2.2. 1 mode

In mid-March, the film was laid and fennel 1 row was planted at 20cm on both sides of the film. At the beginning of May, two rows of processed tomatoes were planted or transplanted on the film. When laying the film, the base fertilizer DAP is 25kg/667m2, and the potassium fertilizer 10kg/667m2. The average row spacing of processed tomatoes is 60cm, the plant spacing is 35cm, and the seedling protection density is about 3000 plants /667m2, the average row spacing of fennel is 20cm, and the seedling protection density is about 80,000 plants /667m2.

2.2.2 Benefits

The yield of fennel exceeds 100 kg/667m2, and the income calculated by 16 yuan/kg is 1600 yuan/667m2. The output of processed tomatoes is more than 6.5t/667m2, and the income can reach 2275: ~/667m2 based on 0.35 yuan /kg, with an average annual income of 3875 yuan /667m2. Excluding the cost of 1200 yuan /667㎡, the income can reach more than 2675 yuan /667㎡.

2.3 Plastic film early-maturing potato interplanting with corn

2.3. 1 mode

Early-maturing potatoes take about 80 days from planting to harvesting. In early March, early-maturing potatoes were ridged with base fertilizer and covered with plastic film. Seed quantity 120 ~ 150 kg/667 m2, average row spacing of 50 ~ 50~55cm, plant spacing of 25cm, and plant number of about 4,800 plants /667 m2. In the first half of May, interplanting corn was put into potato furrows. The average row spacing 1m, plant spacing 12- 13cm, and the number of plants is 5000-5500 /667m2.

2.3.2 Benefits

The average yield of potato is more than 2,500 kg /667㎡, the high yield can reach 3,000 kg /667㎡, and the output value can reach more than 4,950 yuan /667㎡, regardless of the cost 1000 yuan.

2.4 fennel and corn interplanting

Planting fennel in high ridges, interplanting corn in furrows and scientifically arranging the row spacing between fennel and corn effectively solved the problems of water shortage, drought and saline-alkali harm in fennel growing period, reduced the occurrence of fennel diseases and insect pests, and greatly improved the quality and yield of fennel and corn.

2.4. 1 mode

Turnover in autumn, irrigation in winter, fertilization and ridging in early and middle March, and the width of ridge back is 70-80cm. Seal the soil with trifluoling. After 5-7 days, drill 2-3 rows of fennel on the ridge back with a small drill. After sowing, soil moisture must be suppressed to benefit the whole seedling. Sowing amount 1.2 ~ 1.5 kg/667m2, average row spacing of 35cm, and seedling protection density of 70,000-80,000 plants /667m2.

Interplanting medium-mature varieties of corn, watering in the border once before interplanting and sowing in the first half of May, the average row spacing of corn is 95 ~ 100 cm, the plant spacing is 12 ~ 15 cm, and the number of plants is about 5000 //667m2. After the fennel is harvested, water it with topdressing immediately to strengthen the field management of corn.

2.4.2 Benefits

The yield of fennel can reach 100kg/667 m2, corn 800kg/667m2, fennel 16 yuan /kg and corn 1.5 yuan /kg. The total output value of the two items can reach more than 2,800 yuan/667m2, and the profit can reach 2,200 yuan after excluding the cost of 600 yuan/667m2.

2.5 stubble replanting (planting) mode

2.5. 1 mode

There are mainly: spring wheat multiple cropping green onion, spring wheat multiple cropping watermelon, spring wheat multiple cropping sweet waxy corn, spring wheat multiple cropping soybean and other modes.

2.5.2 Benefits

The average yield of Chinese onion is 2.5t/667m2, 20 1 1 year, the price of Chinese onion is 1.5 yuan/kg, the yield of wheat is 450kg/667m2, and the direct subsidy of wheat is 1.9 yuan/kg. The output value is more than 4605 yuan/667m2, excluding the cost of 800 yuan/667m2.

The average yield of watermelon is more than 2.5t/667m2, the price is 1 yuan /kg, the wheat yield is 450kg/667m2, and the wheat direct subsidy is 1.9 yuan /kg. The output value is 3555 yuan /667m2, and the net profit after cost removal is 2555 yuan /667m2.

Sweet waxy corn went on the market around the National Day, and its output can reach over 2t/667m2, corn straw 4t/667m2, the output value of planting sweet waxy corn can reach over 4000 yuan /667m2, and the output value of wheat and corn can reach over 4800 yuan /667m2.

2.6 Effective planting mode of three crops a year

On the basis of double cropping a year, the model of fennel+seedling processing tomato+early-maturing soybean and the model of early-maturing potato+corn+early-maturing soybean were demonstrated. On the basis of double cropping a year, triple cropping a year can increase 300 yuan, and also play a role in raising land.