What are the excellent eggplant varieties newly introduced from abroad?

In recent years, many excellent eggplant varieties have been introduced from abroad, and they also show excellent characteristics when planted in China. Such as Yinqie 1, French eggplant, Fass Express eggplant, Japanese colorful eggplant, Japanese Fuji eggplant, Sino-Japanese eggplant, Langgao, Nagano Moyu, Long Fu Tanaka, Nile, Blitha, Italian round black eggplant, plum eggplant, Taiwan Province red eggplant and Malaysian purple eggplant.

(1) French eggplant hybrid. High seedling eggplant type, extremely early maturity, strong cold resistance and disease resistance. Suitable for various cultivation forms, such as greenhouse, arch shed, open field early-maturing cultivation and so on. The fruit is 30 ~ 35 cm long, about 4 cm in diameter, long rod-shaped, straight and thick. Thin peel, few seeds, tender pulp, not easy to age, good taste, deep purple fruit color, good coloring, luster, many branches, is a high-yield variety, high yield in the early and late stages. It grows vigorously at low temperature, and there are almost no deformed fruits. Excellent commodity, strong disease resistance, and strong resistance to various diseases under low temperature and humidity conditions. When the seedling age is 55 ~ 60 days and the true leaves are 7 ~ 8, the spacing between plants is 30 cm× 50 cm. Because this variety belongs to the type of high-seedling eggplant, close planting will reduce the yield, so artificial pollination and spraying 2,4-D or tomato essence should be paid attention to in protected cultivation to prevent abnormal fruit. Because the yield of this variety is very high in the early and late stages, it is necessary to apply fertilizer in batches at the same time of harvesting. (2) Express the latest hybrid of eggplant. Very early maturity, 4 ~ 5 leaves can see the first flower. The fruit expands rapidly, which is 7 ~ 10 days faster than ordinary eggplant. The fruit is rod-shaped, with a length of 30 ~ 40 cm and a transverse diameter of 4 ~ 5 cm. It is dark purple, smooth, shiny and beautiful. The plant is robust, easy to set fruit and resistant to diseases. It is the first choice to occupy the market in the early stage and make profits in the early stage. This variety is a rare variety with extremely fast growth. In the whole growth process, we should pay attention to fertilizer and water management, meet its requirements for nutrients, and apply sufficient fertilizer to strengthen seedlings. Plant 3000 plants every 667 meters. The output per 667 square meters is 5000 ~ 6000 kg. Suitable for early-maturing cultivation in protected and open fields. Apply base fertilizer, and plant spacing is 50 cm× 66 cm. For high-yield varieties, pay attention to topdressing after each harvest to ensure the nutritional needs of plants. (3) Japanese gorgeous eggplant purple-black long eggplant, the fruit is about 40 cm long and has strong heat resistance and moisture resistance. Not easy to bend, good luster, few seeds in the fruit and excellent quality. Early maturity, strong continuous fruit setting and high yield. It is most suitable for early-maturing cultivation in open field, and can also be used for early-maturing cultivation in protected field. (4) Japanese Fuji Solanum lyratum is thick and long in shape, purple in skin and white in flesh, tender and tender in meat, superior in quality, about 30 cm long, strong in disease resistance, cold-resistant, moisture-resistant and heat-resistant, quite resistant to bacterial wilt, with a single fruit weight of about 300 grams and a yield of more than 5,000 kg per 667 m2. (5) Nagano Moyu, an early-maturing hybrid bred from the latest Japanese parent materials, has strong low-temperature tolerance. The fruit is about 35 cm long, 3.5 cm thick and weighs about 200 grams. It has a straight shape and purple-black skin. Under the weak light in spring, the pericarp is dark in color, strong in luster, excellent in quality, high in fruit yield of high-quality goods, strong in sustained fruit bearing ability, good in hardness and resistant to storage and transportation. Obviously superior to similar imported varieties on the market at present. In the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, sowing began in the first half of June in 5438+1October, and was planted in a greenhouse in the first half of February of the following year, covering a small arch shed. Plant 2,000 ~ 2,200 plants every 667 meters, and start harvesting from late March to early April. All the lateral branches below Meneggplant are knocked out, and four stout main branches above Meneggplant are reserved. The other lateral branches are topped after placing a fruit, and then knocked out after the fruit is harvested. Strengthening fertilizer and water management during harvest is the key to ensure high yield. The output per 667 m2 can reach more than 5000kg. (6) Long Fu Tanaka is an early-maturing hybrid bred by the latest Japanese parents, with strong low temperature tolerance. The fruit is about 30 cm long, 4.5 cm thick and weighs about 250 grams. The fruit is straight and the peel is purple-black. Under the weak light in spring, the peel is dark in color, strong in luster and excellent in quality. In the late growth stage, the fruit shape is consistent, the rate of high-quality commercial fruit is high, the ability to bear fruit continuously is strong, the fruit hardness is good, and it is resistant to storage and transportation. Obviously superior to similar imported varieties on the market at present. In the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, sowing began in the first half of June in 5438+1October, and was planted in a greenhouse in the first half of February of the following year, covering a small arch shed. Plant 2,000 ~ 2,200 plants every 667 meters, and start harvesting from late March to early April. The pruning technique is the same as Nagano's magic field. Strengthening fertilizer and water management during harvest is the key to ensure high yield. The output per 667 m2 can reach more than 5000kg. (7) New eggplant varieties specially used in protected fields in the northern Nile. This variety has large plant development, erect plant type and low node position, generally 8 ~ 9 nodes. Calyx is small, leaves are small, spineless, infinitely growing, with moderate growth potential, high fruit setting rate and strong ability to bear fruit continuously. Early maturity, high yield and long harvest period. Suitable for planting in greenhouses in winter and protected areas in early spring. The fruit is long, with an average fruit length of 28-35cm, a diameter of 5-7cm and a single fruit weight of 250-300g. The fruit is purple-black, and the color is good in low light. Smooth and shiny texture, green stalk, green calyx, heavy weight and delicious taste. Long shelf life and high commercial value. The yield per 667m 2 is greater than 16000kg. Strong low-temperature tolerance, good growth under low-temperature and humid conditions, normal results, almost no deformed fruits, and good commercialization. Strong disease resistance, strong resistance to many diseases under low temperature and humid conditions, and wide adaptability. It can be cultivated in areas suitable for purple eggplant production, and also suitable for cutting stubble and changing heads for regeneration cultivation. (8) Blitha eggplant was bred by Rijk Zwaan Export B.V This variety has large plant development, small calyx, medium-sized leaves, no thorns, early maturity, high yield, fast growth and long harvest period. The fruit is long, with an average fruit length of 25-35cm, a diameter of 6-8cm and a single fruit weight of 400-450g. The fruit is purple-black, smooth and shiny, with green stalk and green calyx, which is heavy and delicious. Long shelf life and high commercial value. The yield per 667m2 is greater than 18000kg. Suitable for planting in northern winter greenhouse and early spring protected land. This variety grows fast and likes soil with high fertility level. Generally, 6 ~ 8 m3 of retting chicken manure, 0/00kg of compound fertilizer/kloc and 20 kg of diammonium phosphate should be applied every 667 m2. Appropriate topdressing should be combined with irrigation at flowering and fruit setting stage and fruit expansion stage. Planting density requires 2.5 ~ 3 plants per square meter, plant spacing of 45 ~ 50 cm, row spacing of 75 ~ 80 cm and protection of 1500 ~ 1800 plants every 667 meters. Double trunk pruning, trunk fruit. When the plant grows vigorously, you can leave a fruit on the side branch and pick the heart in time after the side branch bears fruit. Generally, 2,4-D or gibberellin is used to dot flowers, and the required concentration is 25 ~ 30mg/L in winter and 20 ~ 25mg/L in summer. Too high concentration will affect fruit growth. (9) Italian Round Black Eggplant Italy introduced an excellent new variety of mid-early maturity round eggplant, which is cold-resistant, heat-resistant and disease-resistant, with a plant height of 80-90 cm, strong growth potential, compact plant type, green leaves, purple veins, 8-9 knots at the initial flowering stage, round and shiny fruit, fast fruit expansion, light green pulp, few seeds, tender meat, sweet taste and good quality. (10) American first generation eggplant mating variety. Medium-early maturity, robust growth, plant height of about 80 ~ 100 cm, dark green leaves, purple veins, slender rod-shaped fruit, fruit length of 25 ~ 30 cm, transverse diameter of about 4 cm, single fruit weight of 250 ~ 300 g, light pink purple, shiny, very beautiful, pulp as white as crab meat, delicate, soft and excellent in taste. Suitable for cultivation in open field and protected field, the plant spacing is 40 cm× 60 cm, about 3000 plants are planted every 667 meters, and the yield is about 5000 kilograms every 667 meters. (1 1) Purple Beauty Eggplant is the first American hybrid. Strong growth potential, plant height about 80 cm, easy to set fruit. About 30 days after flowering, 6 ~ 7 Phyllanthus urinaria can be harvested. The fruit is slender, the weight of a single fruit is about 100 ~ 150g, the fruit length is 25 ~ 35cm, the transverse diameter is 3.5 ~ 4.5cm, the fruit is bright purple, shiny, with few seeds, white pulp, soft and delicate, excellent taste and good quality. This variety can be cultivated in open field and protected field. It takes about 65,438+065,438+00 days from sowing to harvesting. The plant spacing is 35cm× 60cm, about 3000 plants are planted every 667m, and the yield is 3,500 ~ 4,000kg every 667 m. (12) Taiwan Province Red Eggplant, also known as Pingtung Eggplant and Changqiao Eggplant, is an excellent eggplant variety introduced from Kaohsiung, Taiwan Province Province. These plants are very strong. Generally, the plant height is 80 ~ 100 cm, the plant type is relatively upright, the plant width is about 80 cm, and the fruit setting rate is high. The fruit is long and straight; The fruit is 24 ~ 26 cm long, 3.5 ~ 4.5 cm in diameter, 200 ~ 250 g in single fruit weight, with purple-red skin, luster, thin skin and tender meat, and excellent quality. Medium-early maturity, resistance to damp heat, strong adaptability, generally 4000 ~ 5000 kg per 667 ㎡. (13) malaysian eggplant, also known as Joan 1 malaysian eggplant, is an excellent eggplant variety introduced from Malaysia by the melon and vegetable research institute of Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences and selected by several generations. Plant height 100 ~ 1 10 cm, plant width 90 ~ 100 cm, and strong growth potential. The fruit is thick and long, generally 25 ~ 30 cm long, 5 ~ 6 cm in diameter and 300 g in weight. The skin is purple and shiny, the meat is soft and the quality is good. This variety has strong resistance to damp heat and weak disease resistance, and its yield per 667 m2 can exceed 5000kg. (14) American black gold medium-mature variety, with vigorous plant growth, good upright, resistance to verticillium wilt and Fusarium wilt, drought tolerance, large spherical fruit, dark purple skin, moist and bright sepals, soft pulp, few seeds, delicious taste, storage and transportation resistance, large fruit, and single fruit weighing 400-800g per 667m. Suitable for cultivation in open field and protected field in China. Seedling transplantation, generally every 667 meters 2000 seedlings, plants, row spacing of 40 cm ×80 cm, full of fat, knock out the branches below the eggplant in time. Strengthening fertilizer and water management and grafting cultivation can double the yield.