What are all the common surgical procedures for lumbar disc herniation? Thank you for your answer.

In 1934, Mixter and Barr of Harvard Medical School in the United States, the first surgery to cure lumbar disc herniation, so far, the history of surgical treatment of lumbar disc herniation has reached more than 80 years. Currently, there are several types of surgery commonly used to treat lumbar disc herniation. If a patient with lumbar disc herniation develops urinary obstruction, such a situation may also have cauda equina symptoms, and this kind of patient can be treated by surgery. Surgical methods: the surgery should take percutaneous puncture nucleus pulposus cutting and suction, unilateral vertebral plate window decompression, nucleus pulposus removal, and neural root canal enlargement according to different situations, or half or full laminectomy decompression, nucleus pulposus removal, and neural root canal enlargement. Surgery. For those with lumbar slip instability, intervertebral implant fusion or internal fixation should be performed. In normal life, patients with lumbar disc herniation should pay attention to the lumbar warmth, so as not to catch a cold. Protect the lumbar spine and avoid strenuous exercise. Stop sedentary or excessive weight bearing. Reduce bending movement and lumbar twisting movement, especially sudden lumbar movement is the most dangerous. Patients should pay attention to the functional exercise of lumbar muscles in general and avoid fatigue as much as possible. In the acute stage, bed rest should be paid attention to, which can lie on a hard wooden bed and turn over regularly to prevent pressure sores. Increase the intake of crude fiber in the diet to prevent constipation. In addition to the above more traditional and commonly used surgical methods, the current clinical new surgical methods are arthroscopic discectomy, percutaneous laser disc decompression, percutaneous endoscopic discectomy, artificial lumbar disc replacement and so on.