Texts and Teaching Design of the Origin of Tomb-Sweeping Day, the second volume of the third grade of Chinese Edition

# 3 # Introduction This is a legend about the origin of Tomb-Sweeping Day and tells a touching story. According to legend, during the period of Zhong Er * in Jin Wengong, with the cooperation of minister meson tui, Zhong Er became hungry and cut meat to serve. The following is the relevant information compiled by KaoNet, hoping to help you.

The text is around April 5th every year, which is a traditional festival of the Chinese nation, Tomb-Sweeping Day. There is a touching legend about the origin of this festival. More than two thousand years ago, the state of Jin was in civil strife, and the son of Jin went abroad.

On the way, Zhong Er and his party got lost in a mountain. Zhong Er hasn't eaten for days and nights, and he is dizzy and weak with hunger. The minister (chén) secretly cut off a piece of meat from his leg and cooked a bowl of broth for Zhong Er. Zhong Er wolfed down his meal and asked, "Where did this meat come from?" Meson tui told him the truth. Zhong Er was moved to tears and said, "How can I repay you in the future for treating me like this?" Jiezitui said earnestly, "I don't want to repay you." I hope your master won't forget the pain of cutting meat, think more about the way to run the country and keep the country safe (bānɡ) and be a wise monarch (jūn).

After nineteen years, Zhong Er finally returned to the State of Jin and became a monarch. This is Jin Wengong. He saw the advantages of meson push and wanted him to be a big official. So he sent someone to ask meson for help several times. Jiezitui refused to be an official, but they all refused. Jin Wengong himself answered the door again. But when I got to the meson salesman's house, I saw that the door was locked. It turned out that Jiezitui didn't want to see him, so she hid in the mountains behind her old mother's back.

Jin Wengong sent someone to look for it. However, it is too easy to find someone in the barren hills! A minister suggested that it is better to let Yamakaji go, ignite on three sides, and leave one side behind, and the meson will definitely come out. Jin Wengong agreed. It burned for three days and nights, but no mesons were pushed out. After the fire went out, people went into the mountains to look for it, and found Jiexiu and his old mother sitting under a charred old willow tree, dead. Jin Wengong said, and burst into tears. When he sent someone to bury Jiexiu, he found a bloody book written by Jiexiu in the hole of the old willow tree, which read: "May your master be clear forever."

Jin Wengong hid the bloody book in his sleeve, buried the mother and son under the charred old willow tree, and ordered that this day be designated as the Cold Food Festival. On this day every year, every family is forbidden to make a fire to cook, and can only eat cold food cooked the day before.

In the second year, he led the minister to sacrifice (Ji). When they came to the grave (fén), they saw the old willow tree dead and alive, with thousands of green branches dancing in the wind. Jin Zhanggong looked at the resurrected old willow and seemed to see the meson push. After the sweeping ceremony, Jin Wengong named this old willow "Qingming Willow" and named the day after the Cold Food Festival Tomb-Sweeping Day.

Mínɡ has always taken the bloody book written by meson as his motto, urging him to take power. He is diligent and honest, and runs the country well. People live and work in peace and contentment, and miss meson push very much. Every time I go to Tomb-Sweeping Day, everyone will hold various activities to commemorate him. Slowly, Tomb-Sweeping Day has become a traditional festival of the Chinese nation. On this day, people will offer sacrifices (Si) and sweep graves (Mi) to deceased relatives or great men. Some people even wear wicker rings on their heads and stick wicker branches in front of and behind their houses to show their memory.

Teaching design

[Design Concept] Learning is based on thinking, and thinking is based on doubt. The design of this lesson will start with questions. Only by extracting valuable questions, taking this as a starting point, interpreting words and exploring questions, can we deeply understand the text, thus achieving the purpose of improving knowledge, ability and emotion.

[Teaching objectives]

1. Guide students to learn and understand the words in this lesson by using reference books or contact context, and improve students' interest and ability to learn words actively.

2. Guide students to question and solve doubts, and cultivate students' problem awareness and ability to analyze and solve problems.

3. Organize students to read silently repeatedly and deeply understand the text, so that students can feel and advocate national culture and national spirit in the process of learning the text.

[Key and Difficult Points]

Clear the train of thought of the article and understand the meaning of Qingming.

first kind

First, inspire dialogue, mobilize accumulation, and arouse reading expectations.

1. Today, we learn 29 lessons together. Please write it on the blackboard with the teacher.

2. Who would like to share what you know as "Tomb-Sweeping Day"?

3. How did everyone come to Tomb-Sweeping Day? What kind of festival is Tomb-Sweeping Day? Tomb-Sweeping Day, what customs and other related knowledge have a certain understanding. Who can talk about your understanding of the word "Qingming"?

Summary: Everyone has a preliminary understanding of the word "Qingming". I believe you will have a deeper understanding of this word after we study the text in depth.

Second, read the text by yourself, learn new words and feel the text initially.

1, read the text by yourself.

2. Requirements: ① Underline the new words in the text and read the pronunciation correctly with the help of pinyin.

(2) use reference books to find out the explanation and understand the meaning of words in context. (Tradition, * touching, gorging, solemn, governing the country and keeping the country safe, Qingming, recalling, barren hills, mourning, cold food festival, commemoration, urging, motto, orderly, living and working in peace and contentment, no credit, no wealth)

(3) Read more texts to achieve the purpose of reading through, reading through and reading well.

2. Check the situation of self-reading.

(1) reading at the same table, check the new words and reading.

② Teachers and students can know new words with the help of word cards.

③ Read the text by name and pay attention to pronunciation. What do other students think the text mainly talks about?

④ Teachers and students discuss and summarize the main contents of the text.

Third, question and ask difficult questions, clarify ideas and cultivate problem consciousness.

1. Put forward words and contents that you don't understand, or ask questions that are conducive to in-depth understanding of the text and worth thinking about.

(Guide students to sort out problems and solve them in three levels. Students prompt each other to solve simple problems; The key and difficult problems closely related to the text are left to be solved when learning the text; Other problems, guide students to use extracurricular resources, or use their spare time to discuss and solve)

2. Sort out and summarize some key problems to be solved in this class:

(1) How did Tomb-Sweeping Day come from?

(2) Who is Tomb-Sweeping Day commemorating and what is it commemorating?

3. Guide students to sort out the ideas of the article and solve the question "How did Tomb-Sweeping Day come?" .

Why do mesons promote credit and wealth? How do you know Jin Wengong's name is Tomb-Sweeping Day? Why is it that seeing Qingming Willow is like seeing meson push?

Reread the text, mobilize accumulation and understand the connotation of "Qingming".

Second lesson

First, guide reading and deeply understand and taste the meaning of "Qingming".

1, the first paragraph, randomly dealing with words such as "traditional festivals" and "moving".

2. Understand the legend of Tomb-Sweeping Day and guide students to read the text with emotion.

(1) Guide students to understand why Zhong Er was moved, and read and think about the hunger problem in Zhong Er.

② Instruct students to read the dialogues between monarch and minister in different roles. Focus on understanding meson tui's words, "be a clear monarch who manages the country and keeps the country safe". A preliminary understanding of the connotation of "Qingming" (Guide students to contact the background of Zhong Er * and their own life experience and social reality, and talk about their understanding of Qingming. It can be understood as not being a bad king, but being a clean and diligent monarch. )

(3) Guide students to imagine the content expressed by "one by one refusal" and "crying aloud" while reading, and understand the noble character of refusing to be an official without asking for anything in return.

(4) Read and discuss the meaning of "cutting meat to serve the country's heart, may your master be eternal", and talk about your understanding of meson push. Let the students feel the culture and spirit of our nation in the discussion. )

⑤ Instruct students to read silently, and pay attention to the difference between "Cold Food Festival" and "Tomb-Sweeping Day". Think about it. Jin Wengong has booked two festivals. Why is only "Tomb-Sweeping Day" a traditional festival? This shows people's ideas and pursuits.

⑥ Contact the climate characteristics and natural scenery before and after Tomb-Sweeping Day, contact the appearance of old willow's death and resurrection, and then understand the connotation of Tomb-Sweeping Day. (Qingming Willow not only represents the season when the willow turns green and everything is bright, but also represents the memory of meson push)

⑦ Read the text silently and think. What is the connection between diligent and honest administration and meson push in Jin Wengong? What is the impact on the people? Tell me why people in Tomb-Sweeping Day will go to the grave spontaneously. Understand the meaning of "Qingming" (expressing the common people's hope for a well-organized society, where they can live and work in peace and contentment)

3. Read through the full text, and feel the spirit of Jiezitui advocating patriotism, defending the country, not taking credit, not seeking wealth, and the quality of Jin Wengong's diligence, incorruptibility and peace of mind.