Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Traditional festivals - What festival customs were embodied in the Song Dynasty?
What festival customs were embodied in the Song Dynasty?
The custom of eating glutinous rice balls in the Lantern Festival began in the Song Dynasty, when glutinous rice balls were called "floating dumplings", also known as "glutinous rice balls", "lactose dumplings", "soup balls" and "glutinous rice balls", and merchants called them "gold ingots". Giving gifts on New Year's Eve has become a folk custom. On New Year's Eve, neighbors gave each other a small amount of rice noodles to express New Year's greetings, invited each other to drink, bid farewell to the old year and welcome the new year. It shows the simple custom that China people cherish time and value human feelings. The custom of sweeping graves with cold food on the Cold Food Festival was moved to Qingming. Customs such as spring outing and swinging are only held in Tomb-Sweeping Day. Tomb-Sweeping Day rose from a simple agricultural solar term to an important festival, and the influence of the Cold Food Festival disappeared. The wind of going for an outing in the Song Dynasty prevailed, and the famous painter Zhang Zeduan's genre painting "The Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival" vividly described the lively scene of people going for an outing in Kyoto during the Qingming Festival in the Song Dynasty. In Tomb-Sweeping Day in the Song Dynasty, in addition to the ready-made foods such as thick paste, wheat cake, cheese and milk cake, people also made a swallow-shaped pasta called "jujube flying swallow", which is said to be used to worship mesons. The custom of eating wonton in winter solstice People in Song Dynasty carefully said that people in Lin 'an ate wonton in winter solstice to worship their ancestors. It was not until the Southern Song Dynasty that the custom of eating wonton on the solstice became popular in China. The Song Dynasty is the development stage of kites in China: firstly, the prosperity of urban culture and economy and the rise of folk handicrafts in the Song Dynasty; Secondly, the development of traditional festival customs in the Song Dynasty provided good conditions for the development of kites and festival entertainment activities. In order to adapt to this trend, Bianjing, Lin 'an and other places have vegetarian restaurants and vegetarian teas, and the foods they make include "temple fast food", "all bran bamboo shoots and vegetarian feast prepared with milk mushrooms" and so on. In addition, "there are many special vegetarian snacks in food stores". At the same time, the legend that people suffer retribution for eating meat is also very popular. For example, Zhang Daolong, a Taoist in Xiaoguanggong, likes to eat eels all his life, but he didn't realize this after dreaming. Later, he "died cooking eel soup for soldiers." Related to the vegetarian custom is the custom of serving meat. Volume 22 of Cai Jie Wang Lin's Wild Guest Series records: "Today's people have been vegetarian for a long time, but if their relatives set up wine and dishes nearby, it will be warm, which is called serving meat." This kind of wind began in the Six Dynasties. Yan Shu is ashamed of cooking when she looks at the daughter who is stunned and mourns, and the cloud is the solution of heaven. The exact meaning. There are also festivals and folk customs in the Song Dynasty, such as Wen Zhu and Bodhisattva statues riding lions and elephants on the Lantern Festival, a series of folk activities around "bathing Buddha" on the eighth day of April, "grinding and drinking music" on the seventh day of Tanabata, "bonsai" on the fifteenth day of July and "Laba porridge" on the eighth day of December.
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