Four Common "Column-wrapping" Methods and Construction Practice —— Architectural Decoration in Guangzhou

The decorative materials of the column mainly include: wood, stone, metal plate, glass an

Four Common "Column-wrapping" Methods and Construction Practice —— Architectural Decoration in Guangzhou

The decorative materials of the column mainly include: wood, stone, metal plate, glass and fabric, painting, etc.

The construction method of column facing is the same as that of wall facing. This paper mainly introduces the structures of wood-wrapped columns, stone-wrapped columns, metal-wrapped columns and glass-wrapped columns.

0 1.

Wooden column structure

The main steps of the decorative structure of wood-clad columns include the assembly of wooden keel, the fixation of base plate and the installation of decorative plate.

Schematic diagram of wooden decorative column structure

Cylindrical φ≤400mm equal parts, ② veneer ① veneer (non-cross convergent).

The cylinder 400 < φ ≤ 600 mm is divided into three parts, ③ the veneer is closed ① ② the veneer (non-cross convergent).

1, wooden keel assembly

Nail the wooden keel frame according to the height and size of the column. Wooden keel at the grass-roots level usually adopts 25mm×30mm, 25mm×40mm and 30mm×30mm sections. After the keel is slotted according to the step size, it shall be assembled as a whole or in blocks. Nail it directly on the cylinder after assembly.

2. Fixation of base plate

Generally, plywood or blockboard with a thickness of 9 ~ 18 mm is selected as the base plate and nailed to the fixed wooden keel. If the cylindrical surface needs to be modeled, blockboard is often used as the substrate.

3. Installation of decorative plate

Before installation, we should choose suitable decorative boards and assemble boards with similar or consistent colors and wood grains. Because the wood grain docking is harmonious and natural, it will affect the decorative effect of the whole wooden column.

Nail-sealed boards can be nailed with guns or round nails, and the method is similar to the assembly of wooden walls. Before sealing nails, the flat-fell seam of each plate should be adjusted, and different types of nails should be selected for plates with different thicknesses.

The post-treatment of wood cylindrical veneer depends on the veneer used. If the surface board has various wood grain textures, it will generally be treated with varnish to expose the wood grain. If cylinders with other color effects are needed, they can be treated with mixed water paint.

02.

Pillar structure

There are three ways of winding stone pillars: steel mesh binding, dry hanging and pasting. Among them, the steel mesh binding method is simple to process, but the joint is prone to pan-alkali problem;

Dry hanging method can solve the problem of floodlight, but the volume after molding is large; Sticking rules are only applicable to plates with small area and thickness below 20mm and substrates with low height.

1, steel mesh binding method

Steel mesh binding method is a traditional construction method for paving stones. The construction procedure is roughly as follows: setting steel mesh; Trial spelling number; Grooving the back of the board; Adhesive board; Leveling, hanging straight and temporary fixing; Grouting; Maintenance; Filling and embedding

Setting form of steel mesh

① Setting steel mesh: If there are embedded parts on the cylinder, use copper wire or stainless steel wire to make steel skeleton according to the details of the construction drawing and fix it on the base.

When there is no embedded part in the cylinder, an electric hammer can be used to drill a hole in the cylinder, an expansion bolt is placed in the hole, and then the steel bar and the bolt are welded together by electric welding.

(2) Binding the board: cut four corners on the back of the board with a cutting machine, and insert copper wire or stainless steel wire for fixing.

Notch form on the back of the board

③ Plate installation: it can be installed clockwise, starting from the front, layer by layer, with a ruler for verticality, a leveling ruler for flatness, a square ruler for yin and yang angles, and steel (copper) wires for fastening. ?

Board joints are filled with gypsum to prevent board displacement and mortar seepage. When grouting, cement mortar should be prepared according to the color of the plate. For example, white cement should be used for grouting light stones, so that the background color of the plate will not be affected.

④ Sealing: After the plates are installed, the excess dust between the plates should be removed and sealed with cement slurry similar to the background color of the plates. For mirror stone, if the surface gloss is affected, it should be waxed and polished again.

2. Dry hanging method

Dry hanging method is a construction method of fixing stone on the base material with special stainless steel pendants. This method does not need to be filled with cement mortar or pasted with cement, which is convenient and simple.

The method is to directly drill holes and slots in the slate, and then directly connect the expansion bolts buried in the column with stainless steel connectors and angle steel.

Arrangement of stainless steel pendants

3. Paste method

Sticking method is a kind of construction technology that uses polymer cement mortar or adhesive to stick the board on the surface of the substrate.

The method is to plaster and level the column with cement mortar, and spread it on the surface of the leveling layer and the back of the plate with polymer cement mortar or adhesive. According to the requirements of construction drawings, put the plates in place and fix them with temporary tools.

Temporary Fixation of Cylindrical Plate

03.

Metal plate column structure

The metal plate column consists of skeleton, bottom plate and decorative plate.

1, the practice of skeleton

There are two kinds of skeletons: wood structure and steel structure. The wooden frame is made of wood square, which is mainly used to paste decorative materials such as stainless steel plates, titanium alloy plates and copper alloy plates.

The steel skeleton is made of angle steel welded or bolted, which is mainly used for sticking aluminum alloy plate facing.

For example, a concrete square column wraps a cylinder, and the steps are as follows: positioning the vertical skeleton through the embedded parts → connecting the horizontal and vertical skeletons and fixing the skeleton support and column → determining the diameter of the circular wrapped column.

2, vertical keel positioning

(1) Positioning of horizontal keel and vertical keel;

(2) The positioning decoration of the square column is cylindrical;

③ The skeleton is connected and fixed with the cylinder.

3. Fixation of base plate

The function of the bottom plate is to increase the rigidity of the column skeleton and facilitate the decoration. Generally, it is made of plywood, blockboard or density board, and the base plate is directly fixed on the skeleton with nails or screws.

The substrate must have a smooth surface and high dimensional accuracy to ensure the installation quality of the facing.

4. Installation of decorative plate

There are three ways to install and fix the metal plate veneer: gluing, nailing and welding.

Among them, the glue method is the most widely used because of its simple operation. Welding method has high technical requirements and needs polishing treatment in the later stage, so it is rarely used.

Nailing method is convenient and firm to install, but there is a big gap in the facing. No matter what installation method is adopted, the decorative plate must be cut accurately as required.

There are two basic surface shapes for installing metal decorative plates: plane and cylindrical.

Plane shapes are more common on square or rectangular columns. On the large plane of the column, the metal plate can be glued to the bottom plate, then the corner is pressed with the molding corner, and then sealed with a small amount of sealant.

For the decorative surface of cylinder or elliptic cylinder, the decorative surface of cylinder can usually be processed into several metal curved parts in advance and then assembled on site, or the flat plate can be cut and bent as needed and assembled on site.

The main key of installation is the interface treatment between metal plates. There are two main ways to install metal plates when sticking method is adopted: direct bayonet type and groove pressing type.

In the former, a stainless steel bayonet groove is installed at the opposite position of two plates, and the bayonet groove is fixed in the concave part of the column frame with screws, and then the folded ends of two metal plates are pressed into the groove respectively.

In the latter method, the metal plate is fixed on the wooden frame of the corresponding concave part with screws or nails, and then a wooden strip with a width smaller than that of the groove is fixed in the middle of the groove, and a gap of about 1mm is left on both sides, and all-purpose glue is brushed on the wooden strip and embedded in the metal groove, and then both sides of the veneer are pressed into the gap of the wooden strip respectively.

When the nail connection method is adopted, the flanges at both ends of the metal decorative plate are connected with the steel frame of the wrapped column by screws through connectors, and then rubber beads are embedded in the joints, and finally the edges are sealed with sealant.

04.

Decorative structure of glass wrapped column

Glass-wrapped column consists of embedded parts and fasteners, skeleton, decorative glass and connectors.

1, embedded parts and fasteners

The models and specifications of embedded parts and fasteners must meet the design requirements, and there must be certificates and performance test reports of corresponding products. When installing embedded parts, the deviation of embedded parts should be detected, and the embedded parts exceeding the deviation should be properly corrected before the next construction. The installation of embedded parts must be firm and rust-proof.

2. bones

Skeletons are mainly divided into wood frames and metal frames, and the fabrication and installation of skeletons should have sufficient bearing capacity and rigidity.

The wooden frame should be treated with anti-corrosion and fire prevention, and the steel frame should be treated with rust prevention. The connection mode of skeleton and embedded parts should meet the design requirements, and the skeleton should be adjusted and fixed in time during installation and connection, so as not to accumulate installation errors.

Lighting lamps are often hidden in glass columns. When installing the skeleton, the space size of electrical equipment and the requirements of maintenance, disassembly, heat dissipation and fire prevention should be fully considered to achieve the effect of safe use.

3. Surface decorative glass

The decorative glass on the surface shall be safety glass or plexiglass. The patterns and patterns of glass should meet the design requirements, and the processing dimensions of glass should be accurate.

For the installation of the surface layer, the skeleton is usually covered with a layer of wood base such as joinery board or plywood. When installing glass, you can use glue, glass nails and card strips, among which glass nails are the most widely used.

If there are no strips between glass panels, they should be compacted with sealant. The quality of sealant must meet the specification requirements, and the appearance of sealant should be uniform, beautiful and straight.

In a word, the structural requirements of glass columns are: reasonable material, firm structure and accurate size.

05.

How much should be reserved for the finished surface of the envelope column size positioning diagram?

When drawing a package column, it is often unknown how much the finished surface needs to be left. Let me introduce you to the following:

Wood veneer: generally divided into dry hanging and wet sticking, the material thickness is generally 12mm, and 0.6mm is added if sticking. It is enough to reserve 50mm on the finished surface thickness map.

Stone veneer: Everyone should know that the common material sizes are 20mm and 30mm. Installation forms also include dry hanging and wet pasting. Leave 50 mm after surface pasting. You can also reserve about 200mm for dry hanging.

Metal finish: There are three common materials, 1.5mm, 1.2mm,1.0mm. Installation form: dry hanging and pasting. When we show the finished surface in the drawing, we can reserve 30 mm

Glass decoration: When we do glass decoration, we usually use 6mm and 8mm glass thickness, mainly embedded. The reserved surface of the drawing table is only 30 mm.