Development Status of Agricultural Mechanization and Automation in China

1. The level of agricultural mechanization equipment has been steadily improved.

1949, the total power of agricultural machinery and equipment in China was only 80 1 10,000 kilowatts, and there were only 1 17 agricultural tractors. Some large agricultural machinery such as combine harvesters and agricultural trucks are basically blank. After more than half a century's development, the ownership of agricultural machinery has increased by thousands of times, and some varieties have even increased by tens of thousands of times. By the end of 2003, the total power of agricultural machinery in China reached more than 600 million kilowatts, the original value of agricultural machinery reached 336.2 billion yuan, the number of agricultural tractors reached14.94 million, 22.92 million tractors were equipped with agricultural machinery and 360,000 combine harvesters.

2. The mechanization level of farmland operation has been significantly improved.

In the early days of the People's Republic of China, agricultural production mainly depended on manpower and animal power, and the level of mechanization was less than 1. In 2003, the area of mechanical cultivated land was 60,943 thousand hectares, the area of mechanical sowing was 407 14 thousand hectares, and the area of mechanical harvesting was 27,360 thousand hectares. Mechanized arable land, sowing and harvesting levels reached 46.8, 26.7 and 19 respectively.

3. The field of agricultural machinery services has been continuously expanded.

The service field of agricultural machinery gradually extends from the original farmland operation to prenatal and postpartum, and extends to other fields. A large number of agricultural equipment, agricultural and sideline products processing machinery, animal husbandry machinery, forestry machinery, plant protection machinery, transportation machinery, farmland capital construction machinery and so on have grown rapidly. The greenhouse covers an area of 6.9 billion square meters and has 40,000 farm management machines.

4. Agricultural machinery operation develops in the direction of marketization and socialized service.

China's farmers are small in scale, so it is neither economical nor necessary for every household to buy agricultural machinery. Therefore, it is very important to develop socialized agricultural machinery services. Starting from 1996, the cross-regional wheat harvesting and social services developed nationwide. Since 1996, relevant departments of our country have made great efforts to cooperate with each other, and organized cross-regional mechanized harvesting of combine harvesters by taking advantage of the time difference between northern and southern wheat harvests, which has increased the use time of combine harvesters from 7~ 10 days per year to more than 1 month on average, improved the utilization rate of combine harvesters, not only met the requirements of farmers for mechanized harvesting, but also improved the benefits of buyers. From 65438 to 0994, there were only over 60,000 combine harvesters in China, reaching 360,000 in 2003. Wheat production increased from 65438+47 in 0995 to 82 in 2004. Cross-regional mechanized harvesting of wheat has promoted the development of mechanized production of wheat sowing and other crops to marketization and socialization. Agricultural machinery operation associations, cooperatives and operation companies are constantly emerging everywhere.

5. International exchanges and cooperation in agricultural machinery technology have been strengthened.

Recently, many large agricultural machinery enterprises in the world are optimistic about China's huge agricultural machinery market, and have cooperated with relevant departments and enterprises in China to develop their business in China, and achieved win-win results. Some large domestic enterprises, constantly learning from foreign advanced experience and technology, speed up technological transformation and upgrading, and promote the quality improvement of domestic agricultural machinery products. In order to encourage the import of large-scale agricultural machinery, the state has also formulated preferential import tax policies. The annual national exhibition is also an important form for the agricultural machinery industry to strengthen international exchanges and cooperation. We actively support such activities in China.