What are the artistic characteristics of arts and crafts in Qin and Han Dynasties?

During the Qin and Han Dynasties in China, due to national unity and relative social stability, the policy of recuperation adopted by the rulers objectively promoted the recovery and development of production and made the social economy increasingly prosperous. Qin and Han dynasties were centralized feudal countries, and many important social activities and engineering construction were unified by the central government to build the Great Wall, palaces, tombs and so on. This centralized political system is embodied in its unity and greatness in art and technology. During the Western Han Dynasty, the central and local governments also set up special institutions to manage handicraft production, and with the improvement of production technology, arts and crafts developed in an all-round way on the basis of the previous generation, and some made outstanding achievements.

Bronze craft production in Qin and Han Dynasties was an important department with outstanding achievements. The gold-plated bronze chariots and horses unearthed from the Terracotta Warriors and Horses Pit in the Mausoleum of Qin Shihuang are famous for their huge volume and excellent production. Other varieties include the traditional tripod, shield and reed. Qin Ding's abdomen is shallow with short hooves, and there are strings between the abdomen, such as the Ding unearthed from Qin Tomb in Song Cun, Huxian County, Shaanxi Province, and the Pan Qin Ding in xi 'an History Museum. The shield has a ring ear and a string pattern between the abdomen, which is roughly the same as the tripod. With the characteristics of the times, it is tobacco, alcohol and garlic bottles. The former is a cooker with a flat abdomen, a flat bottom, a necking and an open mouth. The abdomen and shoulders have double-ring ears, which are symmetrical, large and small, or one ear, and are often decorated with veins. The lines are smooth, changeable and beautiful. The latter is famous for being as big as garlic. By the Han dynasty, bronzes had developed into daily utensils, which were characterized by the emergence of some new varieties. Lamps, stoves, pans, pots, washing machines, mirrors, etc. And other products such as ding, pot, basin, cup, plate, basin, washing machine, kettle, jar, clock, priest, drum, etc. , also produced. The production is mainly based on plain ware, and there are few decorative patterns.