In the first Chechen war, Russia dispatched 40,000 troops. Why was it defeated and returned to China?

199 1 With the collapse of the Soviet Union, one of the two superpowers in the world, the independent Russian Federation began to usher in the domino effect instead of the expected freedom and beauty? Just like the Soviet Union's 15 republics, many autonomous republics of the Russian Federation have also put forward their wishes and demands for independence.

the Soviet Union

The most terrible thing is that this local separatist tendency has gradually begun to spread to Russian States and border areas. Among the many separatist forces in the Russian Federation, the Chechens in the Caucasus are undoubtedly the ones who jump the most happily and have the strongest independent will.

Although President Yeltsin of the Russian Federation made many concessions to the autonomous republic after independence, Chechnya did not recognize Yeltsin's series of major concessions. 1991110 dudayev, who has just been elected president of Chechnya for nearly four days, can't wait to declare Chechnya's independence.

Dudayev

Naturally, this announcement directly touches the bottom line of the Russian Federation. Therefore, it is not surprising that the Russian Federation refuses Chechen independence, refuses to recognize the result of Chechen presidential election, and regards the government of dudayev as an illegal government.

However, the Chechen government headed by dudayev did not take the resolution of the Russian Federal Parliament seriously at all. It began to operate Chechnya as an independent kingdom and began to expand its army and produce weapons in Chechnya. However, in the face of this provocation from Chechnya, due to serious differences within the federal government, Russian troops stationed in Chechnya began to withdraw in May 1992.

Chechen region

The retreat of Russian troops further aggravated the arrogance and resistance of Chechens. The stupidest thing is that when Russian troops withdrew from Chechnya, they left the weapons deployed in Chechnya during their garrison to the dudayev regime. These advanced weapons inherited from the Soviet era have made the Chechen armed forces in Chechnya grow rapidly.

It was with these advanced weapons that the Chechen army in Chechnya reached 1 5000 at the beginning of the 19941Chechen war. Moreover, these Chechen illegal armed forces can be said to be assembled in the teeth. They have 266 tanks, 100 armored vehicles, more than 350 guns and thousands of various anti-tank weapons, as well as 86,000 guns of various types.

1993, with? 10 bleeding? Yeltsin won the parliament. Yeltsin finally took power in Russia. Finally, he had time to clean up Chechnya. He declared the Chechen government illegal and the Chechen army illegal, and decided to completely subdue the Chechen dudayev regime by force.

Chechen war

From1994165438+1October 3 1, in 12 days, Yeltsin successively issued three presidential decrees on controlling the situation in Chechnya. 65438+February 1 1 At 7: 00 in the morning, more than 30,000 Russian armed forces and internal affairs forces entered Chechnya from northwest, west and east directions. On June 65438+February 3 1, nearly 40,000 federal troops began to attack Grozny, the capital of Chechnya. 1 The Chechen war officially broke out.

In the concept of Yeltsin and the federal military, the Chechen 1000 illegal armed forces are simply a vulnerable rabble. The federal army inherited from the Soviet army can end the Chechen war within a week. However, the facts are quite different from their optimistic estimates. The belligerent character of Chechens also surprised Yeltsin and others.

Russian President Yeltsin

Since the outbreak of the Chechen war, the war has gone through three stages, which lasted nearly two years.

The 1 stage is also the beginning of the war. From June to March, Russian soldiers divided into three roads, dispatched more than 230 tanks, more than 450 infantry fighting vehicles and 388 artillery pieces, and launched a fierce attack on Grozny. However, the Chechens in Grozny did not give in. Their attack by loyal opposition's Union Army caused heavy losses to the Russian army, which was demoralized, disorganized and badly prepared. In the 1 stage alone, Russian casualties exceeded 1 100, and hundreds of people were captured by Chechens.

After the attack on Grozny was frustrated, Russian troops began to turn to other parts of Chechnya. Because Grozny concentrated most of the Chechen armed forces, the Russian army won a basic victory in this operation. By the end of April, Russian troops had basically controlled 90% of the territory of Chechnya, and illegal Chechen armed forces were forced to retreat to the southern mountainous areas to continue their resistance.

Boris Yeltsin

However, Chechnya did not give up fighting because of this. On the one hand, Chechen illegal armed forces continue to use guerrilla warfare and other means to resist Russian troops. On the other hand, Chechens who did everything they could began to threaten the Russian government by terrorist attacks in Russia.

For example, on June 4th, 1955, basaev, the leader of Chechen illegal armed forces, led 1000 terrorists into Ionov, detained1000 hostages and blackmailed the Russian government. Yeltsin was forced to make major concessions and basically met basaev's demands? Russian troops immediately stopped all military operations and withdrew from Chechnya? Requirements.

Frequent hostage incidents have aroused strong repercussions in Russia, so the Russian State Duma passed the motion of no confidence against the government. In this case,1June 1996, facing the new presidential election, Yeltsin could only choose to end this bloody war as soon as possible in order to seek re-election.

Finally, through negotiations, the government of the Russian Federation signed an armistice agreement with the illegal Chechen armed forces, and the Russian army announced its withdrawal plan. Yeltsin also announced? The war is over and the Russian army has won the final victory? . However, Yeltsin's announcement is obviously just a fig leaf, and the Chechen problem has not been solved, but has worsened.

Moreover, in the 1 year and nine months of 1 Chechnya war, Russian troops not only paid more than 6,000 deaths and more than 5 billion dollars, but also brought huge casualties to Chechnya. At that time, nearly 1 10,000 civilians died in Chechnya, and the dudayev Group also suffered more than 1 10,000 casualties, and more than 250,000 people became refugees.

Most importantly, due to the anticlimactic 1 Chechen War, the Russian army did not perform well. After the war, Chechens not only failed to yield, but became more hostile to the Russian army and more determined to be independent because of the huge losses and the tradition of revenge by blood relatives, which eventually led to the second Chechen War.