List of China's Intangible Cultural Heritage

Kunqu Opera, also known as Kunqu Opera, Kunqu Opera and Kunqu Opera, is a treasure in China's traditional culture and art. Kunqu Opera is one of the oldest existing operas in China, and its singing has a strong artistic quality, which has a great influence on all modern operas in China, such as Sichuan Opera and Beijing Opera. Kunqu opera performance includes singing, reading, doing, playing and dancing, and it is also a basic subject for training Peking Opera actors. Kunqu opera and its dramatic structure (Dan, Ugly, Sheng and other roles) are also used for reference by other operas. 200 1, Kunqu opera is listed as "representative work of human oral and intangible heritage" by UNESCO.

2. Guqin art

Guqin art has absorbed a large number of elegant and beautiful tunes, and its playing techniques are complex and delicate, with a unique notation. A large number of music scores have been handed down orally by people. Guqin has seven strings and thirteen emblems. Players can play four octaves by ten different plucking methods. Guqin is one of the most representative solo instruments in China. Guqin art is embodied in the solo art form of transverse stringed instruments, and also includes the ensemble of singing and playing of songs, harps and flutes. On May 20th, 2006, Guqin art was approved by the State Council to be included in the first batch of national intangible cultural heritage list.

3. Xinjiang Uygur Muqam Art

Xinjiang Uyghur Muqam is the general name of all kinds of Muqam that spread in China and Xinjiang Uyghur inhabited areas. It is also the floorboard of twelve Muqam, Muqam in Dao Lang, Muqam in Turpan and Muqam in Hami, which are spread in Xinjiang Uygur inhabited areas. They are mainly distributed in southern Xinjiang, northern Xinjiang and eastern Xinjiang, and also widely spread in Urumqi and other large, medium and small towns. It is also a large-scale comprehensive art form integrating singing, dancing and pleasure. On June 25th, 2005, 165438+ The project "Muqam Art in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region" submitted by the government of China was selected as the third batch of "representative works of oral and intangible heritage of mankind" by UNESCO.

4. Mongolian long-tune folk songs

The history of long tune can be traced back to 2000 years ago, and literary works have been recorded since the 3rd century. Until today, the long tune still retains the rich styles of different regions. In the social and cultural life of herdsmen in northern Mongolia and Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region of China, long tune plays a major role in performance and contemporary music creation. Mongolian long tune tells the Mongolian people's feelings about history and culture, humanistic customs, morality, philosophy and art with distinctive nomadic cultural characteristics and unique singing forms, so it is called "the living fossil of grassland music".