Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Traditional stories - How much do you know about the traditional Chinese New Year customs in China?

How much do you know about the traditional Chinese New Year customs in China?

The 23rd year of the twelfth lunar month is the 23rd day of the twelfth lunar month (24th day of the twelfth lunar month), which is a day for people to offer sacrifices to stoves. The folk song "Twenty-three, Sweet Melon Sticks" refers to the sacrificial stove on the 23rd or 24th of the twelfth lunar month every year. There is a saying that "officials, three people, four boatmen and five", that is, the government holds the sacrificial stove on the 23rd of the twelfth lunar month, the ordinary people hold it on the 24th, and house boat holds it on the 25th. After the 24th and 23rd of the twelfth lunar month, every household should write. Folks pay attention to the fact that God must post it, every door must post it, and everything must post it, so the Spring Festival couplets have the largest number and the most complete content. The former couplets are particularly particular, mostly for admiration and blessing. The couplets on the gate are the facade of a family, which are paid special attention to, or lyrical, or writing scenery, with rich content and witty remarks. According to the old custom of the 25th day of the twelfth lunar month, when the kitchen god went to heaven, the Jade Emperor personally went down to the lower world on the 25th day of the twelfth lunar month to investigate the good and evil on earth, and decide the fortunes of the coming year. Therefore, every family offered a blessing to it, which is called "receiving the Jade Emperor". On this day, we should be careful in our daily life and words, and strive for good performance in order to win the favor of the Jade Emperor and bring good fortune to the coming year. In the traditional folk custom of the twenty-seventh day of the twelfth lunar month, it is necessary to take a bath and wash clothes intensively in these two days to get rid of the bad luck of one year and prepare for the Spring Festival next year. There is a saying in Beijing that "twenty-seven washes the ill and twenty-eight washes the sloppy". Bathing on the 26th day of the twelfth lunar month is "washing Fulu". The day before New Year's Eve on the 29th of the twelfth lunar month, it is called "Little New Year's Eve", and people call it "Bienian" when they visit each other. Burning incense outdoors is called "Tianxiang", which usually takes three days. Lunar New Year's Eve refers to the evening of the last day of the twelfth lunar month, which is connected with the Spring Festival (the first day of the first month). The word "except" in "New Year's Eve" is "go; Easy; The meaning of "alternating" is that New Year's Eve means "the month is poor and the old year is exhausted". People have to get rid of the old department and get rid of the old year, and the next year means to get a new year. It is the last night of the lunar year. Therefore, the activities during this period are centered on eliminating the old and renewing the new, eliminating disasters and praying for blessings. On the first day of the first month of the first month, the Spring Festival is commonly known as "New Year's Day", formerly known as "New Year's Day". On the morning of the Spring Festival, the door is opened and firecrackers are set off first, which is called "opening firecrackers". After the sound of firecrackers, the ground is full of broken red, which is called "full house red" At this time, the streets are full of anger and joy. On the second day of the first month, the north is on the second day of the first month. On this day, no matter whether it is a business shop or an ordinary family, an activity of offering sacrifices to the god of wealth will be held. Families offered sacrifices to the God of Wealth who came on New Year's Eve. In fact, the bought rough printed matter was incinerated. I want to eat wonton at noon this day, commonly known as "Yuanbao soup". Fish and mutton are used as sacrifices. On this day, big businesses in old Beijing all held large-scale sacrificial activities, offering sacrifices with "five offerings", that is, whole pig, whole sheep, whole chicken, whole duck and red live carp, hoping to make a fortune this year. On the third day of the first month, the door-keeper paper was burned. In the old days, the pine and cypress branches and the door-keeper stationery hung on the festival day and night were incinerated to show that the year has passed and it is time to start business again. As the saying goes, "Burn the door-keeper's paper, and one will seek physiology". The fifth day of the first month is commonly known as the fifth day of the first month. Many taboos can be broken after this day when folklore is said to be broken. According to the old custom, you should eat "water jiaozi" for five days, and in the north it is called "boiled cake". Nowadays, some families only eat for three or two days, and some eat every other day. However, there is no one who does not eat. This is true from princes' mansions to small houses in streets and lanes, even for hospitality. Women are no longer taboo, and begin to visit each other to pay New Year greetings and congratulate each other. On the eighth day of the first month, it is said that the eighth day is the birthday of millet. If the weather is fine, the rice harvest will be good, and if it is cloudy, the year will be sorry. On the tenth day of the first month of the first month, the stone birthday, on this day, all stone tools such as grinding and grinding can not be moved, and even a sacrifice is held to enjoy the stone, for fear of hurting crops. Also known as "stone does not move" and "ten does not move". Henan custom: On this day, every family pays tribute to burning incense on stones. I must eat steamed buns for lunch, thinking that eating cakes will lead to prosperity within one year. The fifteenth day of the first month is the main traditional festival in China, which is also called Yuanxi and Yuanye, also known as Shangyuan Festival, because it is the first full moon night in the New Year. Because this festival has the custom of watching lanterns in past dynasties, it is also called the Lantern Festival. The formation of Lantern Festival custom has a long process. According to general data and folklore, the fifteenth day of the first month has been paid attention to in the Western Han Dynasty. The activities of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty to sacrifice "Taiyi" in Ganquan Palace on the night of the first month are regarded by later generations as the first sound of offering sacrifices to the gods on the fifteenth day of the first month. However, the fifteenth day of the first month was really a folk festival after the Han and Wei Dynasties. The introduction of Buddhist culture in the Eastern Han Dynasty is of great significance to the formation of the Lantern Festival custom.