The Economic Characteristics of the Ancient Traditional Society in China

1 From slash-and-burn to iron plow, the transformation of agricultural farming methods in Niu Geng

(1) Primitive agriculture: slash-and-burn farming (fire farming)

(2) The appearance and extensive use of scarifying tools are the signs that China agriculture has entered the stage of "ploughing" or "hoeing".

(3) During the Shang and Zhou Dynasties, bronze farm tools appeared. During the Spring and Autumn Period, small pieces of iron farm tools appeared. Niu Geng is a revolution of China's agricultural power. During the Warring States Period, it was first popular in Niu Geng. Since then, Niu Geng with iron plough has gradually become the main farming method of Chinese traditional agriculture.

2. The characteristics of ancient agricultural economy in China:

(1) Small-scale peasant economy takes the family as the production and living unit, and combines agriculture with cottage industry. Production is mainly to meet their basic living needs and pay taxes. It is a self-sufficient natural economy and intensive small-scale peasant economy, and it is the basic mode of social agricultural production in China.

(2) Self-sufficient natural economy is dominant in China's closed (cooperative) construction economy.

(3) The persistence of natural economy is an important reason for the slow development and long-term continuation of China's closed (harmonious) society.

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