Inheritance of Japanese traditional skills

Japanese ceramics have a long history. About 16500 years ago, ceramics appeared in today's Aomori area and were called rope pottery.

What needs to be explained here is that Japanese ceramics are divided into four categories, namely pottery, porcelain, earthenware and stoneware.

The age of rope pattern is the beginning of Japan's history, that is to say, the development of ceramics is accompanied by the whole history of Japan.

Japan has experienced a long period of earthen pottery since the rope pattern era. It was not until the 5th century A.D. that the boomerang, which needed high-temperature firing, was introduced from North Korea, and the glaze technology from the Tang Dynasty slowly penetrated in the 7th century, and the "six ancient kilns" that continued to this day began to appear in the last years of Ping 'an.

The six ancient kilns are Seto Kiln, Changshi Kiln, Xinle Kiln, Qian Yue Kiln, Danbo Kiln and Preparatory Kiln. I believe that people who like Japanese history or play Japanese Warring States games have heard of it more or less.

In Muromachi era and An Tian era, with the prevalence of "tea soup" culture, the development of ceramics also rose to a new height. At that time, many famous tea tasters have been handed down to this day.

After the battle of Luwen Evergreen, many Korean potters were brought back to Japan and opened kilns in western Japan, which made the productivity and technical strength of Japanese pottery leap to a higher level.

/kloc-At the beginning of the 7th century, Li Shenping, known as the "Tao Zu", successfully fired the first real porcelain in Japan-"Yoda Shao".

So here, it is necessary to explain the difference between pottery and porcelain.

Simply put, the main material of pottery is "earth", while the raw material of porcelain is "stone"; The percussion of pottery is dull, while porcelain is clear; Pottery is warm, while porcelain is transparent. ...

Japan's porcelain-making technology is relatively backward, so Li Shenping's contribution is not insignificant. That's why some people say that bringing "Tao Zu" back to Japan is the biggest gain of Toyotomi Hideyoshi's attack on North Korea, and even that battle was dubbed "Tao War".

Later, Li Shenping spread the manufacturing method of porcelain to Jiugu, Seto, Kyoto, Shibei, Huijin's hometown and even all parts of Japan.

Therefore, to this day, there is still a Taoshan Temple dedicated to Li Shenping in Oilfield Town of Xisongpu County as a memorial.

At that time, painted porcelain such as "Kajimengshi" and "Golden Hand" with red painting tools and gold glaze also appeared in Youtian Burn, which was called "Yi Wan Li Burn" and exported to Europe, becoming the favorite of European princes and nobles.

In the late Meiji Restoration, the "Folk Art Movement" led by Liu Zongyue further promoted Japanese ceramic handicrafts to the people, making more and more colorful ceramic handicrafts blossom everywhere in Japan.

Speaking of which, some friends will ask me. I have heard of all kinds of Japanese ceramics for a long time, but I really can't tell the difference between all kinds of "burning".

Then, let's take a look at these representative famous Japanese ceramics.

The word burn in Tochigi Prefecture is one of the famous representative pottery in kanto region.

It is said that Ziyi's soil is rich in iron and sand, with coarse particles, but extremely soft. Due to low heat resistance, the finished product is usually thick.

Thanks to Zhao He's famous art movement in his early days, Yoshiko attracted countless creators with different styles at home and abroad with the attitude of "all comers are welcome". Therefore, the burning forms are diverse and full of vitality.

Kaori is burned around Kaori City, Ibaraki Prefecture, and it is also the oldest kiln in Kanto.

Because of the high viscosity of the soil between the caps, it is easy to make, and the fired pottery is relatively strong and hard.

Although influenced by Xinle Shao, it is mainly based on rice, oil and salt, but the free wind and soil make Kaori Shao full of modern flavor.

Therefore, some people commented that "no feature is its biggest feature".

Jiugu Shao produced in the south of Ishikawa Prefecture is famous for its bright color.

Speaking of colored porcelain, in the eyes of the Japanese, only Jiugu Burning can keep pace with Arida Burning.

Jiugu Shao is characterized by rich brushstrokes like Japanese oil paintings. Due to the high content of iron in raw materials, the finished product is blue on a white background, which is very suitable for painting.

So far, there are still many young inheritors of Jiugu Shao, so if you want to choose luxurious and gorgeous tableware, Jiugu Shao can't be wrong.

Mino-burning and Seto-burning have the same roots, and combine the customs of Gifu County, accounting for about half of the total output of Japanese ceramics.

Due to the huge output, the style of whistle is more diversified. Among them, "Lie Bu Shao", "Seto Black Shao", "Huang Seto Shao" and "Ye Zhi Shao" are very representative.

MINO is fired with various technologies and fine inorganic non-toxic glaze, and the firing kiln temperature reaches 1240- 1260℃ instead of the usual 700-800℃.

Because of its distinctive features and exquisite style, it is designated as a national traditional handicraft.

East Japan is used to calling ceramics "Seto", just as West Japan likes to call ceramics "Golden Soup".

Seto Shao, rooted in Aichi Prefecture, is one of the most representative ancient kilns in Japan, and its pottery-making technology is inherited from China.

Seto Shao has experienced numerous changes and reforms in the long history of more than 65,438+0,000 years. Today, its varieties and styles have been extremely rich.

It can be said that no matter whether it is high-end products or daily necessities, no matter what style or style of ceramics you are looking for, there is always a suitable one for you.

Xinle Shao also comes from one of the oldest kilns in Japan. It is famous for its excellent soil quality.

The characteristics of Xinle firing are also obvious-for example, the ash falling during firing dissolves and adheres to the surface of the ware to form natural glaze; Or those red stripes that randomly appear on the surface of pottery.

Therefore, Xinle Shao is called "the beauty of soil inflammation meeting".

In addition, because it is very strong, it is often made into umbrella stands and flowerpots in addition to tableware.

Another product born in ancient kiln-preparation before burning in Okayama Prefecture.

It is said that the soil fired before material preparation has excellent heat resistance, and it usually takes 2 weeks to block before material preparation.

Therefore, it is extremely hard to fire before preparation, and various colors and patterns are naturally formed in the process of firing, which has a very rough natural beauty.

In addition, due to the fine pores inside the preparation, it is very suitable to be used as a flower device.

Some people even say that if it is used to inject beer, the foam it produces will be extremely delicate, so you can try it if you have the opportunity.

There is Tian Shao, also known as "one Wan Li Shao", whose fame is even known to foreigners.

We have talked about the historical origin of Yoda Shao, but many people may not know that the earliest Yoda Shao was actually made of blue and white porcelain. Besides, it's fake.

It was not until Li Shenping created what we see today that it became famous overseas.

Nowadays, when the price doubles, it often only appears in high-end hotels. If you want to find porcelain with a high sense of design, you Tianshao is the best choice.

Today, Xiaohei takes you to appreciate the traditional Japanese ceramic craft. Of course, like other traditional cultures, it was directly or indirectly influenced by China to a great extent, but it finally developed its own genre.

Next time Xiaohei takes everyone to "see" kabuki. Let "cloud tourism" dry up ~

-∑nd-