Silk Road Research on the Southern Silk Road

In the 1960s and 1970s, Ren Naiqiang and Deng Shaoqin put forward the view that the earliest Chinese silk came out of Sichuan, and Ren Naiqiang also discussed the "Shu Cloth Road" in the 1980s, which led from southwest China to India and Afghanistan, and believed that the age was much earlier than that of the Northern Silk Road. Tong Enzheng studied the general situation of the trade route from Chengdu to Central Asia via Yunnan, Burma, India and Pakistan, and believed that it had been initially opened during the Warring States period. Japanese scholar Yoshimi Fujisawa, Hong Kong and Taiwan scholars Sang Xiuyun and Rao Zongyi, and Yunnan scholars Fang Guoyu, Chen Xi, and Zhang Zengqi have all studied this ancient trade route from Sichuan through Yunnan westward to India. The earliest study of the Southern Silk Road is the French sinologist, Berkeley, has written "Jiaoguang India two Roads" on the Southern Silk Road in the South of the land and sea Road has in-depth research.

South Silk Road research from the 1980s gradually began to form a trend, published research papers and a series of academic activities, publicity reports, in China and abroad has caused a great impact. Especially after the excavation of the Sanxingdui site, scholars noticed the obvious Indian region and West Asian civilization of the cultural elements of the collection, and then put forward the South Silk Road as early as in the Shang Dynasty has been the initial opening of a new view, Duan Yu that the age can be traced back to the 14th and 15th centuries B.C., earlier than had been mentioned by the Ji Xianlin, China, India, the traffic in the 4th century B.C., to the Da mentioned the 5th century B.C., Ding Shan mentioned the 6th century B.C., Japan, Fujita Toyohachi mentioned the 6th century B.C., and the Japanese Fujita Toyohachi mentioned the 6th century B.C., the South Silk Road. The Japanese Fujita Toyohachi mentioned the 11th century B.C. and so on.

Ji Xianlin "Chinese silk imported into India, a preliminary study of the problem" and the German Jacobi in Prussia, scientific research conference report quoted in 320 BC to 315 BC, India, Chandragupta dynasty, Kaodi Ya book, said that "Chinas production of silk and ties, Jia people often trafficked to India". The fourth century BC into the book of the Sanskrit classic "Mahabharata" and the second century BC into the book of the "Code of Manu" and other books in the "silk" records and the name of China, academics believe that these silk fabrics from Sichuan, China.

After 2000, the Tea Horse Road with the Pu'er Tea's fame in a few years of ups and downs, in 2001, Tibet Chamdo took the lead in launching the Tea Horse Road on the tourism brand, and joint the Tea Horse Road on the Ganzi, Shangri-La organized the "Tea Horse Road Academic Examination Seminar", invited experts and scholars from well-known universities, scientific research institutions, and the Chinese government to participate in the seminar. Famous universities, scientific research institutions, experts and scholars, on ethnology, history, Tibetology, geology, flora and fauna, tourism ecology and other disciplines to carry out a wide range of discussions, and reached a *** knowledge:

First, the Tea Horse Road is mainly traversed in the Tibet, Sichuan, Yunnan Hengduan Mountain Range area and the Jinsha River, Lancangjiang River, Nujiang River Basin, the horse gangs as the main mode of transportation of the ancient trade routes, the Tang and Song Dynasty to the Tea Horse Road as the main content;

The Tea Horse Road is the most important part of the ancient trade routes.

Secondly, the Ancient Tea and Horse Road is a historical witness to the harmony of the various ethnic groups in the southwest of China, and is the hard evidence that Tibet has been an inseparable part of China since ancient times;

Thirdly, the Ancient Tea and Horse Road is the world's highest-altitude and most treacherous stagecoach route, and some sections of the road are still in operation;

Fourthly, the Ancient Tea and Horse Road along the route possesses a unique alpine and canyonous geography and the richest biodiversity, and is the most important route in the East China Sea, which is the largest in the world in terms of its natural resources. The richest biodiversity, is the core of the East Asian Botanical Zone;

Fifth, the research and tourism development of the Tea Horse Road has an important practical significance for the coordinated development of economy, culture and ecology along the route . After this meeting, people have a comprehensive knowledge of the ancient tea-horse road, whether to carry out research on it or to develop tourism, leisure and vacation economy, is a good start, has attracted the attention of all sectors of society.

In 2005, Pu'er tea fever began to see the beginning of the heat, with the Pu'er tea heat, the tea and horse ancient road is also followed by renewed attention. 2007 after the cultural relics department in conjunction with the third national cultural relics census, yunnan, sichuan, Tibet and other provinces and districts are specifically set up to investigate the tea and horse road investigation and research topics, and further mapping out the tea and horse road towards the direction of the line, distribution, related cultural relics and the surrounding environment and landscape situation for the next step of cultural protection and research work to lay the groundwork for a better future, and the development of cultural protection. The next step of cultural protection research work laid the foundation.

Research methodology and vision

Southern Silk Road research should be modernized with a new perspective and globalization of the open vision, examine the Southern Silk Road and its historical status and practical role.

The focus of the research should be on the study of cultural plates, mutual interactions and integration of ethnic groups, the network system of town markets, and the whole route system. In terms of specific methods, the Southern Silk Road and the Northwest Silk Road can be compared and contrasted. For example, since the southern ethnic minorities lived in the deep mountains for a long time, their living environments, ways of survival and means of transportation were completely different from those of the northern ethnic minorities, so the two were not the same in terms of trade methods and cultural exchanges, which is worthy of in-depth study.

Problems of Nature and Historical Role

The Southern Silk Road was a trade route that began in pre-Qin and flourished in Han and Tang dynasties, and was a network system of trade roads consisting of several main and branch roads, as well as a corridor for ethnic migration. Politically, rulers needed to develop such a corridor in order to extend their authority to various places; militarily, these roads also needed to be opened up for the entry of armies and the transportation of military materials. The Southern Silk Road played an important historical role in the unification of the southwestern region by the central government, consolidation of the southwestern borderlands, and promotion of ethnic and cultural exchanges and national integration. The bronze culture of ancient Shu, centered on the Chengdu Plain, spread westward through the Southern Silk Road, enriched the content of the Mediterranean civilization in South Asia, Central Asia, West Asia and Europe, and made an important contribution to the development of the world's ancient civilization.

Problems of Cultural Heritage Protection and Tourism Development

Bashu culture, Dian culture, Yelang culture and Buddhist culture, Bimo culture, Dongba culture and other colorful minority cultures along the Southern Silk Road are all important parts of the cultural heritage of the Southern Silk Road. These cultural heritages have lasted for thousands of years and should be fully explored, protected and researched. As a multi-functional ancient road connecting the civilizations of the East and the West, the Southern Silk Road has left behind countless historical, cultural, artistic, ethnic and religious relics of multiple values over the past thousands of years, and its inclusion in the list of the "Silk Road" as a whole is conducive to the strengthening of the cooperation of provinces and municipalities along the Chinese section of the Silk Road, and the development of the economic, cultural and good-neighborly relations of the countries along the route. It is also conducive to the development of economic, cultural and good-neighborly relations among the countries along the route. Partially restore the historical original appearance of the Southern Silk Road, especially restore part of the landscape of the "Yak Road" and the "Five-foot Road", and integrate the resources along the route with cultural tourism routes, create high-quality routes, promote the cooperation of the tourism region along the route, and create a new Southwestern Silk Road under the name of the Ancient Southern Silk Road. The name of the ancient Southern Silk Road, to create a new Southwest Silk Road, can promote the development of tourism, economy, culture, etc. across the southwest.