Which grottoes were dug during the Jin, Southern and Northern Dynasties?

During the Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties, grotto art developed with the spread of Buddhism.

The famous grottoes mainly include Longmen Grottoes in Datong, Shanxi and Yungang Grottoes in Luoyang, Henan.

Sculpture in the Southern and Northern Dynasties;

Sculptures in the Southern and Northern Dynasties inherited the tradition of the Han Dynasty and were influenced by ancient India, forming a unique style. At that time, the northern rulers dug caves and carved Buddha statues everywhere, forming many grotto arts. Among them, Yungang Grottoes in Datong, Shanxi, Longmen Grottoes in Luoyang, Henan and Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang, Gansu are the most famous. These grottoes are full of large and small Buddha statues and other artistic treasures.

Artistic features of grottoes in the Southern and Northern Dynasties;

Due to the influence of national integration, the grotto art in this period was influenced by the western regions and Han culture, and the Yungang Buddha statue was influenced by the sculpture art in the western regions. The style of ancient Indian Buddhist art has been preserved. Fiona Fang, with shoulders flush, deep eyes and high nose, thick and protruding clothing lines and simple lines, is a typical image of the conference semifinals. Longmen Grottoes, whether it is the shape of Buddha statues or the wall carvings decorated with niches, have the cultural characteristics of the Central Plains.