What are the Tibetan costumes?

Tibetans, like other ethnic groups, have their own unique way of loving beauty and decorative style. Tibetan decorative styles can be roughly divided into farming and pastoral areas, that is, what we usually think of as Yarlung Zangbo River basin culture and grassland culture, which is obviously different from braid. In the past, women in pastoral areas used to braid their hair in countless braids. This is because of the special natural geographical environment and living habits of grassland, people seldom wash their hair and comb their hair many times in a year or so, so the characteristics of women's headdresses in pastoral areas are generally all kinds of ornaments, such as pine otolith, agate, coral, amber, etc., which are directly tied into braids and fixed. This feature is common in Kangqu and parts of northern Tibet. Because of the open grassland and strong sunshine, most men and women in northern Tibet like to wear hats or headscarves, so braid decoration is generally concentrated in the lower part, and some gems are sewn on black cloth and software with similar color to braid, and then connected with braid, which is luxurious and natural. In contrast, due to the rapid development of material culture and spiritual culture, frequent folk festivals and religious activities, people's decorations in the vast agricultural areas of the Yarlung Zangbo River Basin, including Lhasa, Shigatse, Shannan, Linzhi and Ali, are gradually standardized and stylized. This change first depends on the mild climate and abundant water resources in southern Tibet. People are used to combing their hair often, and the variety of braids will naturally bring a lot of inconvenience. Therefore, rural women generally only wear two braids, which are mixed with colorful silk threads, usually worn on their heads or hung behind their backs, which is a major feature of rural women. The headdress and braid of women in rural areas are purely two parts, and the ornaments are a combination of different shapes. When wearing them, they only need to be connected with the braid, which is convenient to take and wear. Historically, women's headdresses in Wei-Zang area are very rich, and their shapes and names are mostly formed according to different local cultural backgrounds. Lhasa and Shannan were once the centers of Tibetan culture in the west. In this area, there is a kind of women's headdress, called "Vigabazhu" in Tibetan, which is made of coral, pearls and agate and is triangular and triangular. In the past, the most precious one was wearing a pearl hat, which was a round hat inlaid with countless little pearls. Only high-ranking aristocratic ladies in Sikaze area wear it. Similar to the shape of a bow, it is made of pearls, agates, corals and turquoise. Wearing this kind of decoration is very particular and troublesome. First, the original two braids were re-woven into many braids one day in advance. When wearing a headdress, the braid is divided into two strands from the middle and bent with a special bamboo bow about one meter long. The two ends of the bamboo bow are fixed with the left and right hair tips, and the hair is stretched and leveled to both sides. Then hang all kinds of decorations on the bamboo bow. The "Eight Outlets" consists of three parts, namely, a bamboo bow wrapped in red cloth as a support, and the upper decoration of the bow is called "Dazha", which is a string chain made of pearls and can also be used as a chest decoration at ordinary times, and the lower decoration is called "Tibetan Bazhu". These two decorations also play a role of balance and fixation. "Tibetan Karmapa beads" can usually be worn directly on the head, which is the most common way to wear them in the former and later Tibetan areas. Secondly, there are various triangular or circular headdresses circulating in the post-Tibet area, which are hard to see today. Tibetan men are used to braiding their hair on their heads and like to add red silk thread to the tip of their arguments, especially Kangba people. Kangba men pay attention to thick hairstyles. In order to look burly, some people use a kind of brace woven with cow hair rope to line their braids, which blends with their hair and has the unique fierce spirit of Kangba people. Grassland people like to take primitive nature as beauty, so they are used to decorating themselves with large unprocessed natural gems, which naturally becomes a symbol of Kangqu culture and even grassland culture. In contrast, rural men's hairstyles are stingy, especially men with status and position in the past pay great attention to the elegant modification of hairstyles, and the different shapes of hairstyles also symbolize the difference of status and official position. Earrings are very important and rich in the decoration of Tibetan men and women. "Egor" is an earring often worn by aristocratic ladies in the past. It is often used with "Vega Bazhu". Rectangular, large, mainly gold and silver, inlaid with fine pine otoliths. "Suoji" is a round slender man's eardrop, made of gold wire and fine turquoise. It used to be worn by aristocrats and men with certain status. This kind of eardrop can only be worn on the left ear, which has certain symbolic significance. "Along" is a common male earring, round, made of gold, silver and copper, partly inlaid with pine otolith, which is widely spread among the people, but generally larger in pastoral areas. Jewelry is an important part of Tibetan costume culture, including chest ornaments and waist ornaments. Cultural phenomena originated from ancient nature worship are closely related to primitive religion. With the development of material culture and spiritual culture, people gradually equate clothes with wealth. Tibetans first lived by nomadic and hunting, and lived a wandering life all the year round. So it is inconvenient to carry too much property with you. Only by turning your belongings into decorations and carrying them with you, over time, the more decorations you wear, the more you can't move. In this way, ornaments began to be divided into ten when one, or one hundred when one. As a result, decoration has become a symbol of family prosperity. The women's dresses in Alipulan, located in western Tibet, are famous for their unique style and the preciousness and diversity of their ornaments. One of the characteristics of this decoration is that it is amazing to wear layer by layer. It is said that these gold, silver and precious stones have been handed down from generation to generation, increasing day by day, forming this scale. Similar phenomena are more prominent in Lhasa, Shigatse and Qamdo. Some wealthy families donate their precious chest ornaments to temples or used for the decoration of pagodas, which is not only considered to be blessed by the gods and buddhas, but also a way to show their wealth. Historically, during the old government in Lhasa, there were all kinds of ornaments symbolizing official positions, most of which were huge gems connected in series, and their value was unparalleled. On the one hand, it is a treasure, on the other hand, it is the main natural gem, which is the unique pursuit and expression of beauty in the long-term life of Tibetans, and also the embodiment of the perfect combination of spirit and material culture in Tibetan traditional culture.

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