What are the classic books?

1, "Analects"

"Analects" (lún yǔ), is the Spring and Autumn Period thinker, educator Confucius's disciples and re-transmission of disciples to record the words and deeds of Confucius and his disciples and compiled a collection of discourses, written in the pre-war state.

The whole book***20 articles and 492 chapters, mainly in the form of discourse, supplemented by narrative, more focused on the political ideas, ethical thinking, moral concepts and educational principles of Confucius and the Confucian school.

The works are mostly quotations, but they are rich in rhetoric and meaning, and some of the statements and chapters have vivid images. Their main feature is that the language is simple and concise, easy to understand, but with far-reaching meanings, and there is a kind of graceful and smooth, condescending and implicit style, which is able to show the characters' images in the simple dialogues and actions.

2, "Mencius"

"Mencius" is a classic work of Confucianism, the middle of the Warring States period, Mencius and his disciples Wan Zhang, Gongsun Chou and other writers. It was first seen in Zhao Qi's "Mengzi Inscription": "This book, the work of Mencius is also, so it is always called "Mengzi"". Mengzi was listed as one of the Four Books (the other three being University, the Meanwhile, and the Analects) by Zhu Xi of the Southern Song Dynasty.

The Book of the Han Dynasty (汉书-艺文志)records eleven articles of Mencius, of which seven exist in fourteen volumes. The total number of words is more than 35,000, with 260 chapters. It is rumored that there are four other books of Mencius, which have been anonymous (the present book of Mencius is a forgery of Yao Shijian of the Ming Dynasty). The book contains the political, educational, philosophical, ethical and other ideological views and political activities of Mencius and his disciples. In ancient times, examinations were mainly based on the Four Books and the Five Classics.

3, "University"

"University" puts forward the "three platforms" (bright virtue, pro-people, stopping at the best) and "eight items" (materialism, Zhi Zhi Zhi knowledge, sincerity, and the right mind, Cultivating one's own body, keeping one's family in order, ruling the country, and leveling the world), emphasizing that the cultivation of oneself is a prerequisite for the rule of others, and that the purpose of cultivating oneself is to rule the country and level the world, illustrating the consistency between the rule of the country and the leveling of the world and the cultivation of one's personal morality.

The full text of "The University" is simple and concise, with profound connotation and far-reaching influence. It mainly summarizes the pre-Qin Confucian theories on moral cultivation, as well as the basic principles and methods on moral cultivation, and also has a systematic exposition of Confucian political philosophy, which is profoundly enlightening for doing, handling, and ruling the country.

4, "Zhongyong"

"Zhongyong" is an ancient Chinese treatise on the realm of life cultivation of a moral philosophy monograph, is one of the Confucian classics, originally belongs to the "Book of Rites," the thirty-first, is rumored to be the period of the Warring States period Zi Si made.

The content of the book affirms that "Zhongyong" is the highest standard of moral behavior, believes that "sincerity" is the highest state of life, and proposes the learning process and cognitive awareness of "erudition, inquiry, prudent thinking, discernment, and conscientious action. He also put forward the learning process and cognitive method of "erudition, scrutiny, deliberation, discernment, and conscientious action".

5, "Poetry Classic"

"Poetry Classic", is the beginning of the ancient Chinese poetry, the earliest of a total collection of poetry, a collection of poetry from the beginning of the Western Zhou Dynasty to the middle of the Spring and Autumn Period (11th century BC to the 6th century BC), *** 311, of which six for the pith poem, that is, only the title, no content, known as the pith poetry of the six (the "South New" Baihua", "Huaibi", "Yugeng", "Chongqiu", and "Yuyi"), reflecting the social landscape of the early Zhou to the late Zhou period of about five hundred years.