Recovery mode of renewable resources recovery

One is the operation mode of for-profit enterprises represented by the recycling mode of American Regenerative Bank, and the other is the enterprise operation mode of non-profit social organizations represented by the recycling mode of Brazil, Germany and Taiwan Province Province of China. These two models only have certain differences in interest relationship and distribution, but there is no substantive difference in classification purpose, main division of labor and operation mode. They all achieved the same goal. By integrating commercial chain, trading chain and interest chain, with the help of interest-driven, the government, emitters, recycling enterprises, resource utilization manufacturers, commodity production and marketing enterprises and social organizations will play their roles, strengthen the recycling of renewable resources, promote waste sorting and realize the purpose of enterprise operation. DSD is a successful example of industrial autonomy and the implementation of "extended producer responsibility system" by entrustment. Germany has issued strict laws and regulations on the treatment and utilization of packaging waste, requiring product producers to reduce the production of packaging waste and recycle it. In order to implement the regulations, German packaging waste recycling industry has set up a number of recycling enterprises, such as RIGK for recycling industrial and enterprise plastic packaging, POR for recycling building materials packaging and polyurethane foam packaging, DSD for recycling sales packaging, etc. Among them, the sales packaging recovered by DSD accounts for the largest proportion of packaging waste (about 48%), and the recovery and utilization results of DSD are the most remarkable.

German DSD system is a sales packaging recycling system initiated and created by social enterprise DSD. Its operation mode is shown in Figure 2.4, and it enjoys the tax exemption policy of the government. At the end of 1990, 95 product production enterprises, packaging production enterprises, commercial enterprises, transportation enterprises and recycling processing enterprises spontaneously set up a joint organization of DSD enterprises, and created the German dual system, whose task is to organize the recycling, classification, treatment and recycling of packaging waste. At present, 6,543.8+6,000 enterprises have joined, accounting for 90% of the packaging enterprises. Members of DSD enterprises can obtain the right to use the "Green Dot" packaging recycling mark after paying a certain fee to DSD organizations according to regulations. The "green dot" sign indicates that the manufacturer of the commodity packaging participated in the "commodity recycling plan" and paid the cost of disposing of the discarded packaging of its own products. DSD organizations are responsible for the collection, cleaning, sorting and recycling of packaging waste by using the fees paid by their members. DSD rationalizes the reverse logistics of garbage by organizing consumers to "send" the garbage to the designated discharge point, and collecting and transporting the garbage to the designated discharge point and transporting it to the garbage disposal enterprise. The charging standard of DSD is calculated by weight, volume or area according to different types of recycled packages. The main operation mode of DSD is that the packages marked with green dots flow out from DSD member production enterprises, and after being discharged by consumers, the recipients recognized by DSD organizations (including DSD member collection and transportation units and consumers) send them to DSD member recycling enterprises for recycling. The capital flow flows from the production enterprise to the DSD organization, and then flows to the consignee and recycling enterprise with the packaging. For the recycling indicators issued by the government, DSD organizes nationwide statistics every year, and submits the verified data report to the national environmental protection department, so that industrial and commercial enterprises that have completed the recycling indicators can obtain tax exemption according to regulations. 65438-0998 Taipei issued the "Four-in-One Plan for Resource Recovery" and established the Resource Recovery Management Fund Management Committee for this purpose. The "Four-in-One Resource Recovery Plan" plays the role of communities, recyclers, local governments (cleaning teams) and trust funds. The community set up a resource recycling mutual aid organization to promote the pretreatment of domestic waste classification and recycling, recyclers set up an efficient recycling system, and the government undertakes the collection and transportation at regular intervals, fixed points and fixed routes. The Trust Fund injects funds into the recycling system to promote the strict implementation of the resource recycling system by communities, recyclers and local government cleaning teams. The division of labor and cooperation of the four subjects fully embodies the role of state participation and economic incentives in the process of resource recovery. The operation mode of the four-in-one resource recovery plan is shown in Figure 2.5. As can be seen from Figure 2.5, trust funds play an interest-driven role, promoting and constantly promoting classification, recycling and utilization; In addition, charitable organizations in Taipei have played an initiating, organizing and operating role in promoting community waste sorting. .

The resource recovery scheme not only effectively reduces the amount of garbage removed and improves the resource recovery rate, but also changes the composition and characteristics of garbage removed. According to the garbage statistics in 2002, only 9.6% of the garbage removed is non-combustible and 90.4% is combustible, of which 23.3% is kitchen waste, 30.0% is paper and 20.2% is plastic. The resource recovery scheme improves the calorific value of garbage removal, which is beneficial to improve the incineration efficiency and effect.