The characteristics of the Han Dynasty period of palace architecture

1, the historical development of ancient Chinese architecture and its characteristics:

1) the opening of the period: primitive society - Han Dynasty; Features: China's wooden building technology has been increasingly perfect. People mastered the technology of rammed earth, burned bricks and tiles, and built stone buildings.

2) Development Period: Wei, Jin, and North and South Dynasties; Features: The output and quality of bricks and tiles and the wooden frame technology have been improved. A large number of Buddhist buildings were constructed.

3) maturity period: sui and tang dynasties; characteristics: more extensive use of bricks, glaze firing more progress, the proportion of building components gradually tend to stereotypes.

4) the great transformation period: the Song dynasty; characteristics: the specifications of the Song dynasty buildings are generally smaller than in the Tang dynasty, but more beautiful than in the Tang dynasty, gorgeous and rich in change, the emergence of a variety of complex forms of the halls and pavilions.

5) development period: yuan dynasty; characteristics: the construction of a large number of Tibetan Buddhist temples and Islamic worship temple. Tibetan Buddhism and Islam, the art of architecture affects the whole country.

6) peak period: the Ming and Qing Dynasties; features: the production of bricks increased dramatically, the number and quality of glazed tiles than any past dynasties. Official buildings have been highly standardized and stereotyped.

Origin and evolution of palace architecture:

Pre-Qin: features: doorway, front hall, back room as the central axis, east and west configuration of compartmentalized courtyard;

Famous palaces: Henan Yanshi Erlitou Palace, Shaanxi Qishan Fengdiao Palace ruins;

Qin and Han: features: the big palace set of small palaces, while the small palaces in the big palace into a district, the Weiyang Palace of the former hall into a The narrow and long shape, the hall on both sides of the east and west compartments to deal with political affairs;

Famous palaces: Changle Palace, Weiyang Palace, Jianzhang Palace;

Three Kingdoms, the two Jin dynasty and the north and south dynasties: features: in the grand dynasty of the taiji hall on the left and right of the east and west halls dealing with the day-to-day government;

Sui-Tang Dynasty: features: based on the axis and left-right symmetry of the planning principle, and the attached to the "Zhou Rites" of the three dynasties;

Famous palaces: Taiji Palace and Daming Palace;

Song: characteristics: an imperial street in front of Danfeng Gate in the center of the south side of the city, with imperial corridors built on both sides of the street;

Famous palaces: the palace of the city of Tokyo in the Northern Song Dynasty;

Yuan: characteristics: the inheritance of the tradition of palaces from the Tang and Song dynasties, and the preservation of the customs of nomadic life and the styles of Lamaist architecture and West Asian architecture;

Chaanan during the Han Dynasty was based on the Qin Dynasty Li Palace was expanded on the basis of the Tang Dynasty Chang'an was built on the basis of the Sui Dynasty Daxing City. Qin and Han because of the unity of the country, the strength of the country, the palace more grand and magnificent, and after hundreds of years of division, the Sui and Tang Dynasty after a long period of war to return to the unity, especially with the gradual strength of the Tang Dynasty, the architectural style and reappeared the Qin and Han period of the grand and magnificent features. "Hundreds of generations are along the Qin system", the building is also so, as the history of the Chinese nation and a united, powerful dynasty, the Tang dynasty in the inheritance of the Qin, Han period of the architectural style at the same time and its new development.

The Han Dynasty Chang'an City of three palaces: Changle Palace, Weiyang Palace, Jianzhang Palace, collectively known as the "Han three palaces". Changle Palace was composed of four groups of palaces (Changxin, Changqiu, Yongshou and Yongning). At that time, Liu Bang dealt with political affairs here. The Changle Palace was surrounded by about 10,000 meters. The Weiyang Palace was built about half a kilometer west of Changle Palace, and was presided over by Prime Minister Xiao He in the seventh year of Emperor Gao Di's reign (200 B.C.). At that time, the Weiyang Palace was extremely luxurious, it was built on a high platform ground, consisting of embracing more than halls and pavilions around about 8900 meters. Jianzhang Palace is composed of a group of huge, densely layered palace clusters. The halls and pavilions are so numerous that they are called a thousand doors and ten thousand houses". It rises flat on the ground, and the halls are higher than the Weiyang it. East and west there are more than 20 feet high phoenix threshold. Because the Jianzhang Palace building in the Jianzhang Gate to the west, so the whole complex with the Weiyang Palace across the city. "Han three palaces" is more than 2,000 years ago, when the building has long been missing, but we look from the existing sites, you can imagine the scale and layout of the entire building.