The main farming methods of Chinese traditional agriculture

The main farming methods of Chinese traditional agriculture: Niu Geng, Reddy, slash-and-burn and modern mechanized farming.

Specific content:

1. Tieli was produced in Niu Geng during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. It was the most important mode of production in ancient China, which promoted the development of productive forces and the disintegration of the well-field system. Niu Geng is a period of highly developed science and technology in Niu Geng. It influenced the ancient agriculture in China for two thousand years.

2. The main farming method in Shang and Zhou Dynasties was Reddy farming. Iron farm tools appeared in the Spring and Autumn Period and became popular in the Warring States Period. At the same time, Niu Geng's technology has gradually developed.

3. The main farming method of primitive agriculture is slash and burn. Slash-and-burn is the remaining agricultural management mode in Neolithic Age. With the evolution of production tools from stone knives, chisels, axes and sticks to iron knives, hoes and plows.

The cultivated crops have changed from single rice to cash crops such as rice, corn, beans, miscellaneous grains and even sugarcane and oil, and the cultivation methods have also changed from slash-and-burn and waste disposal to crop rotation, crop rotation and multiple cropping.

4. Modern mechanized farming: after mechanization, firstly, the number of farm animals in rural areas is reduced, and secondly, some mechanized harvesting itself also needs to break the straw into the field. This is tantamount to adding a layer of base fertilizer to the land, which is conducive to re-cultivation. So it's called conservation tillage.

Agriculture has two main functions:

1. Improve the physical condition of soil topsoil, adjust the ratio of solid to liquid and gas, and improve the topsoil structure. For dense soil layers, tillage can increase soil gaps, improve permeability, facilitate precipitation and irrigation water infiltration, reduce surface runoff, conserve moisture and store water, promote aerobic decomposition of microorganisms and release effective nutrients.

For the surface soil with loose soil particles, tillage can reduce soil gaps, increase anaerobic decomposition of microorganisms, slow down the consumption of organic matter and the loss of effective nutrients, coordinate the four fertility factors of water, fertilizer, gas and heat, and provide a good soil environment for crop growth.

2. According to the characteristics of local natural conditions and the cultivation requirements of different crops, keep the ground in a state that meets agricultural requirements. For example, the ground should be flat when ploughing flat, there should be neat soil ridges when ridging, the sand-blown area should have a certain roughness to prevent wind erosion, and there should be surrounding ridges or horizontal ditches on the hillside.