Thyroid Tumor Surgery Painful

In the men's examination, there will be an examination of thyroid tumor, which is also a very important examination, of course, is also very necessary, the thyroid tumor is a chronic lesion of the neck, preferably in the anterior part of the neck, the shape of a walnut, the texture of the hard, and can be swallowed and up and down activities. So, does thyroid tumor surgery hurt ?

Does Thyroid Tumor Surgery Hurt

Late symptoms of thyroid cancer are usually localized enlargement or hard lumps felt, and the size of the lumps increasing day by day, are to suspect the possibility of thyroid cancer. Cancer symptoms should go to the hospital in time to avoid delaying the best time for treatment. Thyroid tumor is a chronic lesion in the neck, preferably in the front part of the neck, shaped like walnut, hard texture, and can move up and down with swallowing. At the early stage of the disease, there are usually no obvious symptoms, no pain, no itch, and it does not affect the speech and eating. Therefore, it is usually discovered when people have a physical examination. However, some of them can increase rapidly in size for a short period of time, thickening the neck, and then continue to develop can affect breathing, and a few of them can have hoarseness or difficulty in swallowing. In addition, it can be secondary to hyperthyroidism, can also be malignant.

The pathogenesis of thyroid malignant tumor is not clear, but its related factors include many aspects, mainly the following categories:

1, radioactive damage: radiation on the one hand, caused by abnormal division of thyroid cells, resulting in carcinoma; on the other hand, the destruction of the thyroid gland can not produce endocrine hormone, which caused by the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) secretion of a large number of also promote the development of thyroid cells. On the other hand, the destruction of the thyroid gland prevents the production of endocrine hormones, and the resulting massive secretion of thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) can also promote cancerous transformation of thyroid cells.

2. Iodine deficiency or high iodine: Iodine deficiency can change the structure and function of thyroid gland. On the contrary, high iodine diet is also easy to induce thyroid cancer, which may be related to TSH stimulation of thyroid hyperplasia.

3. Other thyroid lesions: clinically, there are reports of thyroid adenocarcinoma, chronic thyroiditis, nodular goiter, or certain toxic goiters developing cancer, but it is difficult to confirm the relationship between these thyroid lesions and thyroid cancer.

4. Genetic factors: about 5-10% of medullary thyroid carcinoma has obvious family history, and often combined with pheochromocytoma, etc. It is hypothesized that the occurrence of this kind of cancer may be related to chromosomal genetic factors.

5. Endocrine disorders: thyroid tumor is an endocrine system disease, and estrogen can affect the growth of thyroid. Estrogen mainly acts on the thyroid gland by prompting the pituitary gland to release TSH.

Thyroid tumor treatment

1. Thyroid adenoma

Thyroid adenoma is generally treated with surgery, but drug treatment can make a small number of patients with tumor shrinkage or even disappear. In order to avoid unnecessary surgery, in the lesion less than 2cm can consider the first use of drug treatment, ineffective and then surgical resection.

2. Nodular goiter

Because nodular goiter is a bilobed multilobed nodular growth, the effect of simple surgical removal is not good, and it is very easy to recur, and there are many complications after total thyroidectomy, so in principle, conservative treatment is the mainstay. Less than 5% of patients with nodular goiter need surgery, and the vast majority of people can even live with the tumor for the rest of their lives. Unless there are obvious pressure symptoms, accompanied by hyperthyroidism, the mass extends to the mediastinum or suspected of malignant transformation before surgical resection.

3. Thyroid cancer

Thyroid cancer generally requires surgical treatment. Traditional surgical treatment involves making an incision at the base of the neck, removing the thyroid gland and doing lymph node dissection. The surgery requires removal of all thyroid tissue on the side where the tumor is located, which is the minimum extent of thyroidectomy. If there is a nodule or malignant tumor on the contralateral side of the thyroid, it is necessary to do a contralateral lumpectomy, subtotal resection, or even total resection of the contralateral thyroid, depending on the situation. If there is cancer metastasis, the scope of lymph node dissection needs to be expanded according to the location of metastasis. Minimally invasive surgery, radiofrequency therapy, and ablation therapy, which have emerged in recent years, are highly controversial; these treatments cannot be performed in accordance with the required extent of resection, and may not achieve the extent required for tumor treatment.

Iodine therapy is a very important treatment for papillary and follicular thyroid cancer and an important complement to thyroid surgery. Thyroid tissues, including thyroid tumors, absorb iodine, and iodine releases a ray in the body that kills the tumor, which is the principle of iodine therapy, and iodine therapy is therefore called ? Internal radiation therapy? However, the prerequisite for iodine therapy is to remove all the thyroid tissue, and try to remove all the lymph nodes with serious metastases. In some cases, iodine therapy is given without removing all of the thyroid tissue. Even if the dose of iodine is high, it will be absorbed by the thyroid gland, and the metastatic foci will not be absorbed at all, resulting in no therapeutic effect. Patients with more severe disease (e.g., those at high risk of recurrence) can be treated with iodine therapy.