Northern new clay pottery

Beixin earthenware is a typical representative and an important part of Beixin culture. The northern new culture dates back to 7300 years ago, more than 1000 years earlier than Dawenkou culture, and its cultural relics have found the source for Chinese oriental civilization. Judging from a large number of colorful pottery unearthed, the pottery workshops of Xin ancestors in the north have a special division of labor, advanced pottery-making skills and developed handicrafts. Beixin earthenware is hand-made, mainly yellow-brown sand pottery and argillaceous red pottery, with a small amount of black pottery. Most pottery with sand is mixed with fine sand in clay, which can reduce the deformation and fracture of pottery blank. The main vessel shapes are tripod, bowl, pot, tray and three-legged pot, among which three-legged pot is the most, and its characteristics are very prominent. In the middle and late period, pottery was made regularly, the fetal wall became thinner, and many decorative patterns were added to the surface of the utensils. The decorative patterns of Beixin pottery include pile pattern, grate pattern, nail pattern, indentation pattern, nail pattern, cone thorn pattern and mat pattern, which are the characteristics and symbols of Beixin pottery culture. Among them, the coping, the nail-printed bowl and the red-topped bowl are typical artifacts of the northern new culture. Beixin Site is located in the north of Beixin Village, Guanqiao, about 28 kilometers away from Tengzhou City. The site is located on the highland on the south bank of He Xue Ancient Road, surrounded by water on three sides. It is a transitional zone between hills and plains, with relatively flat terrain and fertile land. Altitude127 ~131m. The site is more than 500 meters long from east to west and 100 meter wide from north to south, with a total area of 50,000 square meters.

Beixin Site was discovered on 1964 by Shandong Team of Institute of Archaeology, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, while conducting a cultural relic survey on the banks of He Xue River. At that time, a number of pottery films with different cultural styles in Dawenkou were collected, and it is speculated that their age may be earlier than Dawenkou culture. 1autumn of 19781spring of 1979, Shandong team of Institute of Archaeology of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences and Tengzhou Museum jointly conducted two large-scale excavations. A number of ash pits, earth pits and tombs were cleared, with an excavation area of 2,583 square meters, and a large number of stone tools, pottery, bones, mussels and horns were unearthed. Measured by carbon 14, it is about 7300-6300 years ago and lasted about 1000 years. The social culture belonging to the matriarchal clan in the Neolithic Age has a direct inheritance relationship with Dawenkou culture and is the source of Dawenkou culture. Beixin site is named "Northern New Culture" because of its unique cultural characteristics.

Beixin Site is located in the south bank of Xuegu River at the north end of Dongnanbeixin Village, Tengzhou City, Zaozhuang, covering an area of about 50,000 square meters. The site was first discovered in the provincial cultural relics survey in 1964, and was excavated by the Institute of Archaeology of Chinese Academy of Social Sciences in1winter of 978-1spring of 979, and more than 2,000 pieces of pottery, stone tools and other cultural relics were unearthed. According to scientific appraisal, this site is about 7300-8400 years ago, and it is the earliest Neolithic site found in Huanghuai area of China. Because this cultural site embodies its own unique cultural features, it was named North New Culture by the state, announced to the world in 1982, and incorporated into national textbooks.

With the passage of time, fewer and fewer people are engaged in traditional earthenware crafts, but the glory of breaking gold and jade is not diminished. Beixin earthenware, which has been passed down from generation to generation, has developed into a more mature firing technology, higher artistic taste, more diversified varieties, and the integration of ornamental and practical. Its handmade tradition is highly collectible.