Why is it said that China's established mode of economic growth is unsustainable, must accelerate the transformation of the mode of economic development?

1. Comrade Hu Jintao in the report of the 17th National Congress of the Party, to promote the national economy and fast development put forward more clear requirements, to promote China's economic development effectively into the scientific development track pointed out the direction. One of the important aspects of promoting sound and rapid development of the national economy is to intensify economic restructuring, accelerate the transformation of the mode of economic development, and promote the optimization and upgrading of the industrial structure. Transforming the mode of economic development is an important guideline put forward on the basis of exploring and grasping the law of economic development in China, and a major strategy put forward from the actuality of the current economic development in China.

Replacing the phrase "transforming the mode of economic growth" with "transforming the mode of economic development" is a major change in the connotation of the report of the 17th National People's Congress, even though only one word has been changed. Economic development is not the same as economic growth. Economic growth generally refers to the total amount of output, emphasizing an increase in quantity; economic development not only refers to an increase in quantity, but also focuses more on structural improvement and quality enhancement, which is a unification of quality and quantity. Economic development includes economic growth, but economic growth does not necessarily include economic development. China has made great efforts to change the mode of economic growth and achieved obvious results, but the cost of economic growth in terms of resources and environment has been too great over the years. Practice shows that simply changing the mode of economic growth does not guarantee the realization of scientific development, and it is necessary to change the mode of economic development, change the rough economic growth to intensive economic growth; change the blind pursuit of GDP expansion to pay more attention to optimizing the economic structure, improving economic efficiency and the quality of economic growth; change the "materialization" of development to the "materialization" of development; and change the "materialization" of development to the "materialization" of economic growth. "development to" human-oriented "development, pay more attention to continuously improve the people's material and cultural living standards, in order to let the masses of people **** enjoy the fruits of reform and development.

The key to realizing the transformation of the mode of economic development is to improve the capability of independent innovation. The ability of independent innovation is the centerpiece of the transformation of the mode of economic development, "is the core of the national development strategy, is the key to improving the comprehensive national strength." In accordance with the requirements of building an innovative country, we should earnestly implement the Outline of the National Medium- and Long-Term Scientific and Technological Development Plan, increase investment in independent innovation, and focus on breaking through key technologies that constrain economic and social development. Widely apply high-tech and advanced applicable technology to transform traditional industries, and strive to build advantageous industries with independent intellectual property rights, and comprehensively improve the level of industrial technology.

We should take energy saving and emission reduction as an important hand and breakthrough in economic restructuring and transformation of development mode. Resolutely curb the growth of high energy-consuming and high-emission industries, accelerate the elimination of backward production capacity; vigorously develop the recycling economy, and correctly deal with the relationship between the economic growth rate and energy conservation and emission reduction, so that the economic development is built on the basis of conservation of energy and resources and protection of the environment.

China's rapid economic development, the construction of great achievements, but also paid the price of resources and the environment. This situation is directly related to the irrational economic structure and sloppy growth. Only by accelerating the adjustment of economic structure and changing the mode of economic development can we realize sound and rapid economic development. To adhere to the conservation of energy and resources and the protection of the ecological environment as the entry point, and actively promote the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure, based on the optimization of industrial structure to promote the development of the adjustment of the economic structure as the main line of the economic development of the main dependence on the industrial driven and quantity expansion driven to the three industries synergistically driven and structural optimization and upgrading driven change.

My region's economic growth in high input, high consumption, high pollution, low level, low efficiency of the "three high and two low" problem is more prominent, in 2005, the highest energy consumption per unit of GDP in the country. Therefore, our region in the implementation of the spirit of the 17th CPC National Congress in the process of accelerating the transformation of the mode of economic development, promoting new industrialization, focusing on industrial transformation and accelerated development of the relationship between accelerating the pace of economic growth and improve the quality of development of the relationship between the pursuit of current interests and planning for long-term development of the relationship between the waste of resources, pollution of the environment, the first pollution and then governance of the old road. Efforts to realize the transformation from the pure pursuit of economic growth to scientific development; from the crude growth mode to intensive growth mode; from the resource advantage to economic advantage; from the industrial grasp of industry to industrial development outside the industrial transformation. From a broader perspective, broader field, higher level of industrialization as a social systems engineering to grasp, accurately grasp the **** biological relationship between industry and services, agriculture, industrialization and urbanization, agricultural industrialization of the dependence between, and strive to achieve the coordinated development of the three industries and the "triple" benign interaction. In the process of advancing the leapfrog development of Ningxia, it focuses on pursuing the unity of speed and quality, structure and efficiency, coordinating the development of economy, population, resources and environment, building an ecological civilization, and basically forming an industrial structure, growth mode and consumption pattern that saves energy and resources and protects the ecological environment. Enhance the coordination of development, and strive to achieve sound and rapid economic development.

2. Second, the understanding of accelerating the transformation of the mode of economic development is an important policy and major strategy for China's economic development

1. Transformation of the mode of economic development is a scientific reflection of the law of economic development, is a profound grasp of the historical inevitability of China's economy to achieve sound and rapid development.

As far as world history is concerned, in the process of industrialization in various countries, the low level of technology in the early stage of development mainly relied on resource inputs to increase production. When industrialization enters a certain stage, the total economic volume reaches a certain scale, obviously subject to resource supply constraints, it is inevitable to require a change in the mode of economic growth. This is an objective law. Therefore, in the traditional sense of the economic growth mode, in essence, implies the concept of man and nature are opposed to each other. In modern Europe, with the development of science and technology, the promotion of the industrial revolution, the transformation of money to capital, the concept of the pursuit of economic growth is increasingly prominent. During this period, a basic viewpoint shared by Western academics and the public was that social development could not be separated from man's domination and enslavement of nature. St. Simon, the father of the spirit of industrialism, clearly pointed out that the essence of the Industrial Revolution lay in "putting manpower into action". As a result, under the traditional model of economic growth, social progress was judged mainly on the basis of the measurement of economic indicators, which meant the amount of money demanded from nature, the number of times a machine was turned, the length of smoke coming out of the chimney, and the profitability of the product. This monolithic, one-sided approach to growth has led directly to large-scale investment, large-scale production and large-scale exploitation and utilization of non-renewable resources. With the passage of time, serious consequences such as disparity between the rich and the poor, social instability, shortage of resources, environmental pollution and ecological imbalance began to emerge gradually. Progressive factors such as education for the civilian population, social welfare, medical care, environmental improvement and social equity have been sacrificed as the price of economic growth. Obviously, this kind of economic growth is not conducive to the progress of mankind's own civilization and the improvement of living conditions in the long run, and needs to be reviewed and reflected upon.

China's economic development, like that of the world's industrialized countries, has gone through a long process of consciously following the laws of economic development from natural compliance. After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee, in the emancipation of the mind, reform and opening up under the guidance of the ideas, routes, national policies, guidelines, embedded in the people and the industrial structure of the huge productive forces have been greatly emancipated, in the hundred of waste and almost on the verge of collapse, and developed countries on the basis of the huge gap between the Chinese economy, just recovered, is bound to emphasize the fast development of the development of large and inevitably stress the gross national product. It is because of the strategic shift to focus on economic construction, and because of the accompanying reform of the economic system, the speed of China's economic development has skyrocketed. Since the reform and opening up of China, our economic construction has made great achievements and our social development has been greatly improved, with a substantial reduction in the number of people living in poverty, an effective improvement in the living standards of urban and rural residents, and effective safeguards and manifestations of social equity. This is something we are proud of. However, at the same time, there are still problems on the other hand, China's natural conditions and geographic characteristics have obvious inherent vulnerability; the population is under enormous pressure in terms of numbers, activities and scale; resources and living space are relatively tight; and per capita fresh water, arable land, forests, grassland resources and important mineral resources are less than half of the world's average. In addition, emissions of major industrial pollutants, such as wastewater, exhaust gas and solid waste, continue to increase, and environmental pollution centered in cities continues and is gradually spreading to the countryside. In particular, over the past few decades, some enterprises or units have pursued growth in GDP volume unilaterally, focusing only on economic efficiency and vigorously pursuing a mode of economic growth that depletes natural resources in a predatory manner, leading to a series of problems in economic and social development. On the whole, in the past, China's economic growth mainly relied on increasing material capital and labor inputs, accounting for about 70% of GDP, coupled with China's production technology and management level, the level of the industrial structure is relatively low, the economic system is unreasonable, leading to low-level duplication of construction between the regions and other reasons, resulting in economic growth of large inputs, high consumption, poor efficiency, and increased pollution of the environment. According to statistics, China's comprehensive energy consumption per unit of gross domestic product is equivalent to 3.8 times the world average, 4.3 times the United States, Japan's 11.3 times, and industrial labor productivity is only 5% of the United States. Therefore, the longer such rapid growth continues, the greater the pressure on resources and the environment, we must change the mode of development

These circumstances indicate that the traditional way of economic growth at the expense of energy consumption and pollution must be changed. China's economic and social development strategy can no longer rely solely on the growth of the number of GDP, but should be integrated into the society of this large system to take into account the overall situation, to have a more comprehensive, more dialectical requirements, to be more profound, more consciously grasp the laws of economic development, with greater determination, take stronger measures to improve the quality and effectiveness of economic development, and to promote the economic and social development and good and rapid development. In this sense, the "transformation of the mode of economic development", reflecting the Central Committee of the Party attaches great importance to this issue, marking the Party's understanding of the laws of the world's economic development and China's economic development to further deepen, rational and sober.

2. Transforming the mode of economic development is a new development of the guiding principle of economic development.

Our party and the country in the new historical period has recognized the significant role of the economic development mode, especially emphasized the change from the rough economy to the intensive economy, and for this reason, put forward the basic requirements for the transformation of economic growth mode. However, with the development of the economy and society, especially the deepening of the understanding of the characteristics of economic operation in the new century, the 17th National Congress put forward the concept of the mode of economic development. This is a new development, a new leap forward in transforming the mode of economic growth. The modern view of development economics is that economic growth and economic development are both related and different, with economic growth referring to an increase in GDP or GDP per capita, emphasizing more output, a quantitative increase. Economic development includes not only more output and quantitative increase, but also focuses on qualitative improvement, which is the unification of quality and quantity, including economic growth, structural improvement, continuous improvement of the material and cultural living standards of the people, and improvement of the environment, and so on. Economic development mode refers to the method and path of economic development. Transforming the mode of economic development means changing the crude economic growth to intensive economic growth; changing the blind pursuit of GDP expansion to a more optimized economic structure, improved economic efficiency and quality of economic growth; and changing the outdated concept of seeing things but not seeing people to a people-centered one that pays more attention to continuously improving the people's material and cultural standard of living, so that the masses of people can share in the fruits of reform and development, and effectively safeguard and realize the most extensive and most important achievements. The new concept of development that effectively safeguards and realizes the fundamental interests of the broadest possible range of people.

The relationship between economic growth and economic development is a dialectical one. Economic growth is the basis of economic development, without economic growth can not talk about economic development; economic development is the goal of economic growth, economic growth does not necessarily bring economic development. For our country, on the one hand, as a developing and populous country, we have to actively expand the economic aggregate and maintain rapid growth of the national economy. Without a certain rate of growth, it will be difficult to solve the problems of economic development, such as employment, poverty, and imbalance between urban and rural areas as well as regional economic development; without a certain rate of growth, the goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects will fall through; without a certain rate of growth, it will be difficult to fully realize the superiority of socialism. But at the same time, on the other hand, the growth rate we want to realize is the growth rate under the premise of significantly improving the quality of economic growth and striving for efficiency, and it is a solid speed without water, and it is the speed that has a hard development momentum. That is to say, we want to realize the unity of speed and efficiency, we want to take a higher speed of development and better efficiency of the national economic development path.

From the sense of transforming the mode of development, "transforming the mode of economic development" and "transforming the mode of economic growth" of the basic spirit of the overall is the same, are required from the rough economic development to intensive economic development. However, there is a difference between the two in terms of progression and development. First of all, the economic development mode contains the content of economic growth, but is not simply equivalent to the concept of economic growth. Development is positively promoted, and more emphasis is placed on the positive role and impact of economic development on society, while the economic growth approach places more emphasis on the measurement of numbers, which can have both positive and negative effects on society. Therefore, the expression of economic development mode is clearer and more accurate in terms of positive effects than the expression of economic growth mode. Secondly, the transformation of economic development mode has a higher angle and wider scope than the transformation of economic growth mode, and pays more attention to the awareness of economic quality and the security and harmony of economic development. Finally, the requirements of transforming the mode of economic development focus on the connotation of comprehensive and coordinated economic and social development, which more comprehensively and directly reflects the concept of the scientific concept of development and the unity of the eventuality, relevance, value and humanity of development. For this reason, we say that transforming the mode of economic development essentially means taking the path of comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable development, accelerating the strategic adjustment of the economic structure, actively building a resource-saving and environmentally friendly society, and promoting economic development on the basis of reasonably making full use of natural resources and protecting the ecological environment. It is to maintain a reasonable and moderate population growth; to maintain social order and provide the people with a safe and fair social environment and good material and cultural living conditions; to strive to improve the physical and cultural quality of the people; to gradually raise the people's standard of living, so that the fruits of economic development can be reflected more in the improvement of people's livelihoods, and that such development is in fact the specific content of realizing sound and rapid economic and social development. Such a transformation of the mode of economic development is a new development of the transformation of the mode of economic growth, a new leap.

3, transforming the mode of economic development requirements is a new period of economic development of the panoramic coverage

In China's economic development policy and strategy there are many, for example, in China's economic development in the main role as a guideline for the guidance of the new road of industrialization, the road of urbanization with Chinese characteristics, the coordinated development of the regional economy, the expansion of domestic demand, environmental protection, arable land protection, the introduction of the go out and so on, here transforming the mode of economic development, the new development of economic growth, the new leap forward. Here the reason why transforming the mode of economic development has become an important policy and strategy for China's economic development. It is because the transformation of the mode of economic development is an important policy in relation to the overall economic situation, and it is a general policy that guides all specific work policies. It is a general strategy that affects the direction of economic development, concerns the long-term and future direction of China's economic situation, and plays a leading role in all economic policies, so it is called an important strategy. At the same time, the task of transforming the mode of economic development is reflected in the specific economic development tasks.

First, the transformation of the mode of economic development, to adhere to the new road of industrialization. The new road of industrialization is to information technology to drive industrialization, industrialization to promote information technology, industrialization and information technology and the road. The new road of industrialization is to take the road with high technological content, good economic efficiency, low resource consumption, low environmental pollution, and the advantage of human resources can be fully utilized. The road of new-type industrialization is the road in which the advantages of human resources are given full play and utilized. The road of new industrialization is the road of efficient and rational allocation of resources through the market mechanism under the conditions of market economy. To realize the transformation of the mode of economic development, we should pay more attention to the strategic adjustment of the economic structure, enhance the quality and efficiency of economic development by strengthening the capability of independent innovation, and build a resource-saving and environment-friendly society through energy conservation and emission reduction.

Secondly, to transform the mode of economic development, we must adhere to the strategy of coordinated development of urban, rural and regional economies. Since the reform and opening up, both urban and rural areas, whether in the eastern, central or western regions have developed to varying degrees. However, compared with the cities, rural development is lagging behind; compared with the eastern region, the central and western regions are lagging behind. The development gap between urban and rural areas and between regions remains large. Therefore, in order to transform the mode of economic development and improve the quality of economic development, it is necessary to adhere to the strategy of coordinated development of urban and rural areas and regions, to persistently implement the guidelines and policies of integrating urban and rural areas and regional development, to build a new socialist countryside in a solid manner while continuing to push forward the process of urbanization; and to promote the rise of the central part of China, the development of the western part of China and the revitalization of the old industrial bases, such as the northeastern part of China, while encouraging the eastern part of the country to take the lead in modernization.

Thirdly, to transform the mode of economic development, it is necessary to further expand domestic demand. Expanding domestic demand is the long-term strategic policy and basic foothold of China's economic development, increasing investment in rural infrastructure and public **** facilities such as water, electricity and gas. From raising the income of the population, improve social security, accelerate the pace of urbanization, adjust the industrial structure and other aspects to increase the consumption rate, expanding consumer demand. To strive to adjust the relationship between investment and consumption, to increase the consumption of residents, especially farmers as the focus of expanding consumer demand, and constantly broaden the field of consumption and improve the consumer environment.

Fourth, change the mode of economic development, to promote the upgrading of industrial structure. Structural adjustment has always been a major strategy for China's economic development. At the stage of transition to the middle and late stages of industrialization, scientific development requires the coordinated development of all sectors and industries to produce overall benefits. The transformation of the mode of economic growth requires adjusting the proportion of inputs of growth factors, reducing the general inputs of capital, resources and manpower, and relying more on the factors of scientific and technological progress to realize growth. And economic development as a whole requires not only the adjustment of the ratio of factor inputs, but also the coordinated development between agriculture, industry and the tertiary sector; the coordinated development of metallurgy, petrochemicals, machinery, electronics and other industries within the industry; and the coordinated development of the traditional processing industry in the manufacturing industry and the fine processing, high-tech industries, in order to promote the advancement of the industrial structure.

Fifth, the transformation of the mode of economic development, to build a resource-saving and environment-friendly society through energy conservation and emission reduction. Scientific development requires saving resources, protecting the environment and strengthening ecological construction. It is necessary to shift from one-time and single use of resources to recycling and comprehensive use of resources, and from economic growth at the expense of the environment to environmentally optimized growth and win-win situation of economic development and environmental protection. China is a large country with a large population and an obvious shortage of resources per capita. Per capita arable land is below the alert line set by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Per capita water resources are only 1/4 of the world average, and per capita mineral resources are only 50% of the world average. The degree of dependence on oil imports has exceeded 40%. And in terms of reducing energy consumption per unit of output value, there is still a big gap between China and developed countries. At the same time, China's task in reducing pollutant emissions is very arduous, due to the high emissions of pollutants caused by major environmental incidents, jeopardizing the lives of the people. Therefore, energy saving and emission reduction is not only to save resources and protect the environment, more related to sustainable development and people-oriented scientific development of the overall situation.

3. Comrade Hu Jintao in the report of the 17th National Congress of the Communist Party of China (CPC), put forward clearer requirements for the promotion of sound and rapid development of the national economy, and pointed out the direction for promoting China's economic development into a scientific development track. One of the important aspects of promoting sound and rapid development of the national economy is to intensify economic restructuring, accelerate the transformation of the mode of economic development, and promote the optimization and upgrading of the industrial structure. Transforming the mode of economic development is an important guideline put forward on the basis of exploring and grasping the law of economic development in China, and a major strategy put forward from the actuality of the current economic development in China.

Replacing the phrase "transforming the mode of economic growth" with "transforming the mode of economic development" is a major change in the connotation of the report of the 17th National People's Congress, even though only one word has been changed. Economic development is not the same as economic growth. Economic growth generally refers to the total amount of output, emphasizing an increase in quantity; economic development not only refers to an increase in quantity, but also focuses more on structural improvement and quality enhancement, which is a unification of quality and quantity. Economic development includes economic growth, but economic growth does not necessarily include economic development. China has made great efforts to change the mode of economic growth and achieved obvious results, but the cost of economic growth in terms of resources and environment has been too great over the years. Practice shows that simply changing the mode of economic growth does not guarantee the realization of scientific development, and it is necessary to change the mode of economic development, change the rough economic growth to intensive economic growth; change the blind pursuit of GDP expansion to pay more attention to optimizing the economic structure, improving economic efficiency and the quality of economic growth; change the "materialization" of development to the "materialization" of development; and change the "materialization" of development to the "materialization" of economic growth. "development to" human-oriented "development, pay more attention to continuously improve the people's material and cultural living standards, in order to let the masses of people **** enjoy the fruits of reform and development.

The key to realizing the transformation of the mode of economic development is to improve the capability of independent innovation. The ability of independent innovation is the centerpiece of the transformation of the mode of economic development, "is the core of the national development strategy, is the key to improving the comprehensive national strength." In accordance with the requirements of building an innovative country, we should earnestly implement the Outline of the National Medium- and Long-Term Scientific and Technological Development Plan, increase investment in independent innovation, and focus on breaking through key technologies that constrain economic and social development. Widely apply high-tech and advanced applicable technology to transform traditional industries, and strive to build advantageous industries with independent intellectual property rights, and comprehensively improve the level of industrial technology.

We should take energy saving and emission reduction as an important hand and breakthrough in economic restructuring and transformation of development mode. Resolutely curb the growth of high energy-consuming and high-emission industries, accelerate the elimination of backward production capacity; vigorously develop the recycling economy, and correctly deal with the relationship between the economic growth rate and energy conservation and emission reduction, so that the economic development is built on the basis of conservation of energy and resources and protection of the environment.

China's rapid economic development, the construction of great achievements, but also paid the price of resources and the environment. This situation is directly related to the irrational economic structure and sloppy growth. Only by accelerating the adjustment of economic structure and changing the mode of economic development can we realize sound and rapid economic development. To adhere to the conservation of energy and resources and the protection of the ecological environment as the entry point, and actively promote the optimization and upgrading of industrial structure, based on the optimization of industrial structure to promote the development of the adjustment of the economic structure as the main line of the economic development of the main dependence on the industrial driven and quantity expansion driven to the three industries synergistically driven and structural optimization and upgrading driven change.

My region's economic growth in high input, high consumption, high pollution, low level, low efficiency of the "three high and two low" problem is more prominent, in 2005, the highest energy consumption per unit of GDP in the country. Therefore, our region in the implementation of the spirit of the 17th CPC National Congress in the process of accelerating the transformation of the mode of economic development, promoting new industrialization, focusing on industrial transformation and accelerated development of the relationship between accelerating the pace of economic growth and improve the quality of development of the relationship between the pursuit of current interests and planning for long-term development of the relationship between the waste of resources, pollution of the environment, the first pollution and then governance of the old road. Efforts to realize the transformation from the pure pursuit of economic growth to scientific development; from the crude growth mode to intensive growth mode; from the resource advantage to economic advantage; from the industrial grasp of industry to industrial development outside the industrial transformation. From a broader perspective, broader field, higher level of industrialization as a social systems engineering to grasp, accurately grasp the **** biological relationship between industry and services, agriculture, industrialization and urbanization, agricultural industrialization of the dependence between, and strive to achieve the coordinated development of the three industries and the "triple" benign interaction. In the process of advancing the leapfrog development of Ningxia, it focuses on pursuing the unity of speed and quality, structure and efficiency, coordinating the development of economy, population, resources and environment, building an ecological civilization, and basically forming an industrial structure, growth mode and consumption pattern that saves energy and resources and protects the ecological environment. Enhance the coordination of development, and strive to achieve sound and rapid economic development.