What is Go?

Weiqi, which originated in ancient China, is a strategic two-player chess game, which uses checkered chessboards and black and white pieces. At present, Go is popular in Asia-Pacific and covers the whole world. This is a very popular board game.

catalogue

brief introduction

origin

One legend is that ...

Development Status of Go in China

the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period

Qin and Han Dynasties

Southern and Northern Dynasties

Sui dynasty

Tang song yuan

Ming and Qing dynasties

Modern Times

Modern rules of go

Ancient rules

Go terminology

Summary of stages and grades of Go

Detailed rules and regulations

solicit public opinions

authenticate

Annual audit

certificate

hierarchy

Go to the title

Go game domestic chess game

Korean chess game

Japanese chess game

World chess competition

Sino-Japanese chess war

China-Korea chess war

Professional Go player China.

Japan

South Korea

Taipei, China

China, a famous chess player in history.

Japan

South Korea

Go and philosophy conform to nature.

Elementary sex

the order of nature

Go and Economics

Computer go JS go program

Commonly used Go software

Online game software

Animation about Go

A novel about Go.

On Ancient Weiqi Score

Brief introduction of postal photo album

origin

One legend is that ...

Development Status of Go in China

the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period

Qin and Han Dynasties

Southern and Northern Dynasties

Sui dynasty

Tang song yuan

Ming and Qing dynasties

Modern Times

Modern rules of go

Ancient rules

Go terminology

Summary of stages and grades of Go

Detailed rules and regulations

solicit public opinions

authenticate

Annual audit

certificate

hierarchy

Go to the title

Chess game

Domestic chess game, Korean chess game, Japanese chess game, world chess game, Chinese chess game, Chinese chess game and Korean chess game.

China, Japanese, Korean, China and Taibei are famous chess players in history.

Go and philosophy in China, Japan and Korea.

Weiqi, in line with the natural laws of nature and elements, Weiqi, economic computer.

JS Go programs commonly use Go software, online game software, animation about Go, novels about Go, ancient music post photo albums about Go, and edit this brief introduction.

English: Go Japanese: Qiqi (pronounced yigo) Korean:? Pinyin: chess pieces and chessboards of wéiqi (also an English translation advocated by China).

English: Weiqi (from Japanese pronunciation), Weiqi, Weiqi games or Weiqi chess (but Weiqi is widely used and is an English translation advocated by China). In English vocabulary, some things from China were first introduced into western countries by Japanese, so they are all pronounced in Japanese. For example: tofu, potted plants, origami, and so on. Weiqi is an intellectual game, which originated in China. China, Japan and South Korea are the three pillars of Weiqi today, but in recent years, Japanese Weiqi has gradually declined, forming a situation in which China and South Korea compete for hegemony. At present, the biggest problem that Weiqi faces is that the rules are not uniform and there is no unified management by international organizations, so it faces great difficulties in the promotion process. The rules of Go in China are counting votes, while those in Japan and South Korea are counting votes. The rules of Go in Taiwan Province Province (Ying Rules) and Zhiyun's rules of Go (Go Rules of 2008 World Intellectual Games) adopt counting votes. The results of a game of chess calculated by three rules are generally the same. Although there have been many seminars on the rules of Go in the world, all parties insist that the rules of Go in their own countries are the best, and there can be no concessions. Apart from the unification of some unprincipled issues (such as the size of the chessboard, the time used and the rules of the court), there is no progress in practical issues (the calculation of the victory or defeat of Go). The essence of Go is: whoever occupies a large area will win. However, up to now, there is no acceptable definition of "land"-China's law is "open space", Japan and South Korea's law is "striking ground" and Shi Ying's law is "open space". (Different from the China rule, the China rule unilaterally calculates the outcome and compares it with the median 180.5 on the disk; Ying's Law is the subtraction of points between black and white, and the "point" here is actually the "sub" mentioned in China's Law, with different names. There are great differences between ancient Weiqi and modern Weiqi, mainly Weiqi.

The differences are as follows: First, the ancient Go has a chess head (the eye position is not the purpose, and this rule was later abolished by Japan); Second, ancient Go was black first and then white (modern Go was black first and then white, and this rule was later revised by Japan); Third, in ancient Weiqi, the black chess player 18 1 won (the Japanese invented the goal-sticking, but now the black chess player 185 won), and the aimless move of Weiqi has been lost. Fourth, the ancient Weiqi was a block system, that is, black and white pieces were first placed on the diagonal star position to maximize the first-hand advantage (later abolished by Japan, and stickers were added to limit the first hand). The rules of Go are very simple, but it has a very broad space to play, which makes Go changeable and more complicated than other chess. This is the charm of Go. Playing Go is very helpful to the intellectual development of human brain, which can enhance people's computing ability, creativity, thinking ability and judgment ability, and also improve people's attention and control. Playing Go has a positive effect on children's intellectual development and enables them to analyze things better. Go has vertical and horizontal 19 lines, with a total of 36 1 intersections. It is because there are 36 1 choices in one hand and 360 choices in the second hand ... so Go is the only chess that can't be played by computers, and the strongest computer Go is only 13. Weiqi is changeable and has a pattern ... so Weiqi is more complicated in chess. China is the hometown of Weiqi, and there are many Weiqi masters, such as Gu Li, Zhou Heyang, Chang Hao and Nie Weiping.

Edit the source of this paragraph

In ancient China, the chess of "Qin, Qi, Shu and Hua" refers to Go. It is recorded in the Postscript of Taoist History that Yao married Fu and gave birth to a son. Yao went to the bank of Fenshui and saw two immortals sitting on a green cypress, drawing sand as the road and taking black and white ranks as the picture. When the emperor asked about all the relevant skills, an immortal said: Good at fighting, stupid, you should do what you like, relax yourself and point to the sand stone: "This is called chess, also known as Go, which is quiet and round, and the world is self-reliant and there is no solution. I learned Go from Yao, and it is said that he has really improved. (For fairy tales, see Fairy Mirror of Past Dynasties). ) Some people say that Shun plays Go to teach his silly son Shang Jun ... According to this statement, the purpose of playing Go is to develop intelligence and pure temperament. Pi Rixiu, a native of the Tang Dynasty, believed that Weiqi started in the Warring States Period and was created by military strategists. His basis is that Go is "a kind of cheating and cheating that harms people"! It can be said that it is attached. weiqi

Many pottery pots unearthed in Yuanyangchi, Yongchang County, Gansu Province at the end of primitive society are painted with black, red and even colored stripe patterns with uniform lines. It's criss-crossed, the grid is neat, and the shape is very similar to the current Weiqi board, but there are only ten to twelve vertical and horizontal lines instead of nineteen. Archaeologists call it a chessboard pattern.

Edit this legend

According to legend, Pingyang was the capital of Yao in ancient times, which settled the tribal country of Concord.

A group of Go photos (19 photos) show the prosperity of agricultural production and people's lives. However, there is one thing that worries Di Yao. Although Yi San's son Dani has grown up, he stopped doing business when he was a teenager. He idles around, fights, and often gets into trouble. Soon after Dayu took control of the water, Danzhu boarded a wooden boat and was pushed around the lake on the west bank of Fenhe River. He was so happy that he couldn't eat, didn't go home and didn't listen to his mother. The Saint said to Emperor Yao, "Yao, you are only busy with people's affairs. Your son Zhu Dan is getting ridiculous, and you don't care. How can I do great things for you in the future? " Emperor Yao was silent for a long time, thinking: To make Dani change his mind, we must first stabilize his nature, entertain his heart and teach him several skills. He said to Yi San's family, "Tell someone to get Danzhu back, and then tell him to wait for me at the top of Pingshan Mountain with a bow and arrow." At this moment, Dani is playing with a group of people on Fenhe beach. Suddenly, he saw several guards of his father. He can't say anything. Drag him to Pingshan and put a bow and arrow in his hand. He said to him, "Your father and mother let you go hunting in the mountains. You have to pretend to be a man for your parents. " Dani thought, I haven't learned the skill of archery yet. How can I hunt? Dani looked at the mountain full of thorns and the sky full of dark clouds. Where are the rabbits and birds? This is obviously that mom and dad are embarrassing themselves! "Hum, I just don't learn to hunt. See what my parents can do to me!" The guards talked about it, but Dani just sat quietly. A group of people were shouting, and Emperor Yao came down from the mountain with the help of attendants, and his clothes were scratched. Seeing his father panting, Dani felt a little soft-hearted, so he had to bow down to his father and sing, "My father has to climb such a high mountain at this age. I don't know where to start?" Emperor Yao wiped his sweat and sat on a stone. He asked, "Unfortunately, son, you are no longer young. You are seventeen or eighteen years old. You still don't follow the right path and can't hunt. Are you waiting to starve to death in the future? " Look at such a vast land at the foot of the mountain, such good mountains and rivers. Don't you care about your father and emperor at all, and manage the land, mountains and rivers and people well? Dani blinked and said, "Rabbits run fast and birds fly high." There are no rabbits on this mountain, and there are no birds in the sky. What should I shoot? ".The people all over the world listen to you, and the land and mountains are all well managed. How can I use my son to worry about my father? At Dani's words, Emperor Yao sighed and said, "If you don't want to learn to hunt, learn the stone chess that soldiers fight for. Stone chess is very useful. " Dani listened to his father's emperor and didn't let him go hunting. On the contrary, he changed his mind a little. "Isn't it easy to play chess?" You'll learn it after sitting for a while. Dani threw away the arrow and asked his father to teach him at once. Emperor Yao said, "Nothing can be learned overnight, as long as you are willing to learn." After that, he picked up an arrow, squatted down, and used it to draw a dozen squares on a flat slope rock, so that the guards could pick up a large number of rocks and give them to Danzhu in half, and hand in hand taught Danzhu how to use stones to indicate the operational strategy of advancing and retreating in the process of leading the tribe to fight. Dani also listened at this time, showing patience. It was not until the sun was about to set that Emperor Yao taught his son to play chess wholeheartedly. Urged by the guards, the father and son got off Pingshan and went back to Pingyang capital without washing their faces. weiqi

After that, Dani studied chess very intently. He didn't wander outside, so Saint Yi Shi was more practical. Emperor Yao said to St. Yi Shi: "Stone chess contains profound principles of governing the people, the army and the mountains and rivers. If Zhu Dan really changes his mind and understands these truths, it is natural to take over my throne. " Unexpectedly, Dan Zhu Qi didn't learn it thoroughly, but he listened to the bad words of the former gang. He thinks there are too many restrictions on playing chess and there is no freedom at all. He had to work hard, make old habits, make friends all day, and even try to seize his father's position by deception. He was heartbroken and died of a serious illness. Emperor Yao is also very sad. He moved Danzhu to the south and never wanted to see Danzhu again. He also ceded the throne to Yu Shun. After three years of rigorous investigation, Yu Shun thought that he was not only virtuous, but also smart. Yu Shun followed the example of Emperor Yao and taught Shang Jun to play chess. Later, the pattern of Weiqi squares was made on pottery, and there was a record in the history books that "Yao made Weiqi for teaching". Today, there is a graphic relic of Qipanling Weiqi stone carving in Xishan, Zhangjin Village, Longci Township.

In this section, edit the development of China Weiqi.

condition

Weiqi is a treasure in the traditional culture of the Han nationality, which embodies the pursuit of wisdom by the Han nationality. The ancients often talked about a person's talent and accomplishment by "playing chess, calligraphy and painting", in which "chess" refers to Go. Go in ancient times

Weiqi is figuratively likened to a black-and-white world. It is a favorite entertainment and competitive activity in ancient China, and it is also the oldest board game in human history. Because it integrates science, art and competition, it has the characteristics of developing intelligence, cultivating will quality and flexible strategic and tactical thinking. Therefore, it has flourished for thousands of years and gradually developed into an international cultural competition. Weiqi, called chess in ancient China, can be said to be the originator of the whole ancient chess, which is said to have a history of more than 4,000 years. According to Shiben, Go was written by Yao. Zhang Hua of the State of Jin also said in the Natural History: "Shun pretends to teach his son stupidity." Shun is a legendary figure, which makes the theory of Go unreliable, but it reflects the early origin of Go.

the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period

Weiqi has been widely circulated in the society. Zuo Zhuan's Twenty-five Years of "xianggong" once recorded such a thing. In 559 BC, the monarch of Wei was deported by Dr. Ning Zhi and others. Later, Ning Zhi's son promised to welcome Wei Xiangong back. Criticized: "Ningjia is going to have a disaster. The players are indecisive and unable to couple. What is the situation? " The word "indecision" in Weiqi is used to describe political indecision, which shows that Weiqi activities have become a common thing in the society at that time.

Qin and Han Dynasties

Qin destroyed the six countries and unified the whole country. There are few records about Go. There was a poem about Weiqi in the early years of the Western Han Dynasty in Volume III of Miscellanies of Xijing, which said that Du was the first chess player in the world.

However, such records are as few as stars, indicating that the development of Go at that time was still relatively slow. By the early years of the Eastern Han Dynasty, the society was still "knowledgeable in the world and good at chess". It was not until the middle and late Eastern Han Dynasty that Weiqi became popular again. 1952, archaeologists found a stone chess board in the Eastern Han Tomb No.1 in Wang Du, Hebei Province. The chessboard is square with four legs under it, and the situation is 17, which provides vivid materials for the shape of Weiqi chessboard in Han and Wei Dynasties. Associated with the frequent wars in Han and Wei dynasties for hundreds of years, the battle of Go has also become an important tool for training military talents. Ma Rong in the Eastern Han Dynasty regarded Go as a small battlefield and a battle in Qi Wei Fu. "Three feet game is a battlefield; When Chen Jushi dies, the two enemies are equal. " Many famous military strategists at that time, such as Cao Cao, Sun Ce and Lu Xun. During the Three Kingdoms period, he was outstanding on the battlefield and in chess. Wang Shen, one of the famous "seven sons of Jian 'an", is not only famous for his poems and prose, but also a master of Weiqi. It is said that his memory is amazing, he knows the face and play of Go like the back of his hand, and he can show the "rotten chess" he has seen again. The Go system in China has undergone two important changes in history, mainly due to the increase of local roads. Before and after Wei and Jin Dynasties, important changes took place for the first time. "Han Weidan's Spring Art and Literature" said that before the Wei and Jin Dynasties, "there were 17 games of vertical and horizontal chess, with a total of 289 players, 150 players of white chess and 150 players of black chess". This is exactly the same as the Go system of the Eastern Han Dynasty found in Wang Du, Hebei. However, the Chess Classic of the Southern and Northern Dynasties, discovered in the stone chamber of the Mogao Grottoes in Dunhuang, Gansu Province, records that the chess game at that time was "36 1, imitating the Sunday. "Explain that Go with the 19 channel has become popular at this time. This is exactly the same as the current chess game, reflecting that Go at that time had its original customization.

Southern and Northern Dynasties

Due to the rise of metaphysics in the Northern and Southern Dynasties, scholars are proud of speaking clearly, so playing Go is more prosperous, and playing Go is called "hand talk". The upper rulers are all good at playing chess. They set officials by chess, established a "chess product" system, and awarded "character" (grade) to "chess players" with a certain level. Chess at that time was divided into nine categories. "Biography of Heather Liu Yun" contains: "Liang Wudi is good at playing chess, and there are 278 people on the chess score." This shows the universality of chess activities. Now Japanese Go is divided into "nine segments", which comes from it. These changes have greatly promoted the improvement of Weiqi entertainment technology and laid the foundation for the further development of Weiqi entertainment in China and its spread abroad.

Sui dynasty

The former 17 chessboard was replaced by 19 chessboard, and since then 19 chessboard has become the mainstream. With the foreign policy of the Sui Empire, Goguryeo and Silla Baekje brought Weiqi to the Korean Peninsula and sent envoys to Japan.