How to break the traditional model, overcome bad teaching habits and build an efficient classroom?

How to build an efficient classroom teaching model?

From the students' point of view, an efficient classroom should meet the following two conditions: First, students should achieve three-dimensional teaching objectives. Second, in the process of achieving this goal, students should actively participate and think positively. From this point of view, efficient classroom is a classroom for students to actively study and think, for students to learn independently, for teachers and students to interact, and for students to actively construct the meaning of what they have learned.

From the teacher's point of view, an efficient classroom should meet the following three conditions: first, teachers can scientifically and reasonably determine the three-dimensional teaching objectives of the classroom according to the requirements of curriculum standards and the actual situation of students. Because the presupposition of teaching objectives can not be completely consistent with the actual situation in the classroom, it requires teachers to adjust teaching objectives in time in the teaching process, so as to face all students to the maximum extent and better reflect the appropriateness of teaching objectives. Second, the teaching process must be a process in which students actively participate. This kind of active participation is mainly reflected in whether teachers can adopt flexible teaching strategies to arouse students' enthusiasm for learning, actively guide students to think positively, give students more time and opportunities to cooperate and show, and let the whole class share their learning achievements. Third, follow up, monitor, feedback and solve in time in teaching, consolidate students' learning achievements in various ways, and make the achievement of three-dimensional teaching goals higher. To build an efficient classroom, we must pay special attention to the following aspects:

First, do a good job in changing teachers' teaching concepts and teaching methods. The change of teachers' teaching concept cannot be achieved overnight. We must constantly promote the change of teachers' ideas in the practice of promoting classroom teaching reform, and then change teachers' teaching methods, gradually eliminate the problem of relying on a lot of homework to complete teaching tasks because teachers talk too much and students participate too little, and gradually solve the problem of ignoring students' emotions, attitudes and values.

Secondly, school-based training is carried out in the main forms of learning curriculum standards, research textbooks, research methods and after-class reflection. In teaching practice, we find that in many cases, the inefficiency of classroom is due to teachers' lack of learning and research on curriculum standards and teaching materials, which in turn affects and restricts their classroom regulation and control ability, and then affects the efficiency of classroom teaching.

Third, do a good job in preparing students for the teacher's class. When preparing lessons, many teachers are only used to preparing teaching content, but neglect preparing students. If teachers don't study students' mastery of what they teach and their individual differences, the suitability of classroom teaching will be greatly reduced, let alone the efficiency of classroom teaching.

Fourth, study and design classroom problems. In the real and normal classroom teaching, we often find that the questions raised by teachers have their own problems, such as invalid problems, false problems and worthless problems. Many teachers' questions delay students' precious classroom learning time and affect the improvement of classroom teaching efficiency. Therefore, teachers must attach importance to the study of classroom questioning if they want to complete classroom teaching tasks efficiently. The questions raised must be valuable, enlightening and difficult, and the problem design of the whole classroom must follow the principle of step by step.

Fifth, strengthen the grasp and management of classroom rhythm. In class, some teachers just ask students questions and let them answer. Students haven't had time to think, which not only wastes students' thinking time in class, but also has poor results. This formalism teaching method makes the classroom full of ineffective labor, which seriously affects the efficiency of classroom teaching. Some teachers ask students to read texts, discuss and communicate, and do consolidation exercises. Not to mention any time and standard requirements, students read and communicate aimlessly, the classroom organization is loose and the time utilization rate is low. Some teachers just put forward general requirements for students, and students don't understand what the teacher wants them to do and how to do it. In this way, students lose the effective guidance of teachers. Therefore, we should give students some time and space to think, reduce "speaking and listening", increase "speaking and doing" and try "teaching and evaluating".

Sixth, actively promote the system of group learning. At present, the large class teaching system is also a big reason why it is difficult to improve the efficiency of classroom teaching. Under the realistic condition that small class teaching is difficult to implement, it can be said that implementing group learning in class is the best choice. Teachers can divide students into several study groups according to their cognitive level and individual psychological characteristics, give full play to the advantages of outstanding students, and actively promote the mechanism of mutual assistance among students. At the same time, teachers can further improve the autonomous learning effect of the study group through the guidance and encouraging evaluation of the group learning methods. Only in this way can we face all students to the maximum extent, teach students in accordance with their aptitude and promote the improvement of classroom teaching efficiency.

Seventh, implement the system of job grading arrangement. Teachers must fully consider the learning level of different students when arranging classroom exercises and homework, so as to "do not arrange repetitive homework; Don't assign complicated and old homework. The quantity of homework should be appropriate and the quality should be high. It is necessary to avoid the vicious circle of "teachers randomly assign a large number of homework → students cope with homework → teachers randomly correct homework → teachers randomly assign too many homework → students cope with homework", put an end to the phenomenon that teachers have no time to take care of the research and design of teaching content and study students, and solve the problems of students being overwhelmed, tired of coping and tired of learning. Therefore, it is necessary to strengthen the management and guidance of homework, avoid overload, repetition and low-level homework, and leave room for independent development for each student.

How to build an efficient classroom

Under the background of vigorously promoting the quality education that returns to the education standard, the class hours have been greatly reduced, which has changed today's time-consuming and laborious school education. Talking about building an efficient classroom just caters to the psychological needs of teachers and is naturally recognized by teachers. As a result, all kinds of teaching and research activities of "learning from foreign ideas and improving efficiency" are in full swing. As educators in the new era, we should adopt an inclusive and pragmatic attitude, extensively absorb the essence of various advanced education and teaching ideas, learn from others' strengths, make the best use of everything, and really organize our classrooms for the sake of teaching students well and their lifelong development, so as to form a teaching style that is more suitable for us in the new form. This is our proper attitude.

So how can we efficiently complete the classroom teaching tasks within the limited classroom time, and at the same time focus on cultivating and training students' various abilities?

My thoughts are as follows: 1. What are the indicators of an efficient classroom?

Two basic starting points of efficient classroom: first, how to follow the teaching rules and return to the essence of teaching, is it conducive to students' all-round development and lifelong development? Second, how to implement the new curriculum concept, has it really changed students' learning style?

Based on the above two points, creating an efficient classroom is measured from the perspective of students: Did I participate in the inquiry in this class? Did you attend the speech? Did you participate in the discussion? Have you ever worked with anyone? Did you ask a question? What was observed? What did you find? What have you learned?

From the teacher's point of view: Have I considered the cognitive level of the students in this course? Is there a phenomenon of neglecting students? Did you waste class time? What does every link of classroom teaching bring to students? What is the degree of achievement of each link?

Generally speaking, an efficient classroom has six dimensions: vigorous vitality, sustained internal motivation, moderate thinking tension, strong teamwork, extraordinary success charm and long-term development potential.

Second, creating a positive learning atmosphere and changing learning methods is the only way to create an efficient classroom.

As long as students' thinking is always active, they actively explore knowledge and strive to turn newly acquired knowledge into ability, this is an efficient classroom and a successful classroom. Some methods to mobilize students' thinking;

1, put forward clear learning objectives.

Let students know that the goal of learning is a good way to stimulate students' learning motivation and adjust their learning behavior. Creating an atmosphere of "conscious learning" and "autonomous learning" and fully mobilizing the enthusiasm of students to participate in the classroom independently is the basis for creating an efficient classroom.

2. Create interesting problem situations

Suhomlinski said: "If students have no desire to learn, all our plans, all our explorations and theories will go up in smoke." Thinking always starts with problems. Designing appropriate questions can stimulate students' desire to explore and pull their thinking to an active state. To improve the effectiveness of questioning, effective questioning is the beginning of classroom dialogue, which can arouse students' thinking and interest. The effectiveness of the problem lies in the following aspects: first, it must be open to some extent; Second, there must be a certain depth; Third, we should pay attention to the hierarchy of objects, so that different students have interest and space for thinking.

3. Create a cooperative and enterprising learning atmosphere.

Students are the main body of learning, and whether classroom teaching is efficient or not mainly depends on the effect of students' learning. In a harmonious atmosphere, full of self-confidence, students have the best learning effect and the highest efficiency, and the efficiency of the classroom naturally comes. Therefore, on the basis of students' autonomous learning, we should actively carry out group cooperative learning, from pre-class preparation to in-class inquiry and after-class teaching, give full play to the enthusiasm of group members, monitor, reflect, adjust and remedy the weak links in learning, and enhance students' sense of learning efficacy. The formation of groups should pay attention to learning differences and personality characteristics, so as to make the classroom full of teamwork atmosphere. At the same time, through the group cooperation evaluation system to mobilize students' participation, our appropriate incentive is precisely to prepare for the realization of efficient learning for all students and a larger and more efficient classroom.

4. Conduct scientific legal study guidance.

As the saying goes, "Give people fish, you will benefit for a while, and give people fish, you will benefit for life". While imparting knowledge, we should also pay attention to the guidance of learning methods to help students master scientific cognitive methods. Be good at creating problem situations for students, encourage students to dare to ask questions, guide students to ask questions, and then find problems. We should give students time and space to ask questions at any time. Asking questions is the development of thinking and the improvement of ability. By asking questions, students can get useful thinking training, change "learning" into "learning", and form the habit of diligent thinking through "finding problems-analyzing problems-solving problems-rediscovering problems". Scientific learning method is an important guarantee to create an efficient classroom.

Thirdly, optimizing the classroom microstructure is the fundamental guarantee for building an efficient classroom.

The classroom structure includes both the macro structure, that is, the whole teaching idea and process of a class, and the micro structure, that is, how to carry out each link of classroom teaching, how to connect and how to allocate time. To complete the design procedure of macro and micro structure, teachers need to work hard on preparing lessons, teaching materials, students, teaching methods and learning methods. In classroom teaching, teachers often organize classroom teaching activities step by step according to the teaching plan designed before class. When students' learning activities deviate from the original design track, teachers try their best to lead students' thinking in the established direction. To put it bluntly, the teacher designed a trap for the students to get in. This is contrary to the new curriculum, which regards students as the masters of learning, allows students to learn independently in the classroom, and the learning objectives are determined by students, the process is participated by students, the questions are raised by students, the contents are summarized by students, and the methods are summarized by students. Teachers should be the cultivators and promoters of students' learning ability, and the organizers, guides and collaborators of students' learning. Guide students to know how to acquire the knowledge they need, master the tools to acquire knowledge, and learn how to deal with all kinds of information according to cognitive needs. In this way, teachers can give full play to their leading role, grasp the microstructure of classroom teaching from a strategic perspective, and realize efficient classroom teaching.

Four, efficient classroom should also be committed to cultivating students' academic literacy and way of thinking.

The core idea of efficient classroom is to promote students' better and faster development. To develop classroom teaching better and faster, the first thing is healthy development. The improvement of teaching efficiency cannot be at the expense of students' physical and mental health. Secondly, discipline development, all-round development and high-quality development. Efficient classroom is to cultivate students' academic accomplishment and way of thinking. The core of discipline literacy is the basic concept, structure and thinking method of discipline. If we only stay in the one-way indoctrination and mechanical training of knowledge, and only teach the "subject" knowledge, but do not pay attention to the logical connection within the subject, and do not guide students to discover the basic concepts and methods behind the subject knowledge, then such learning is obviously inefficient or even ineffective. Mr. Tao Xingzhi pointed out: "I think a good teacher is not teaching, not teaching students, but teaching students to learn." The construction of efficient classroom should return to the essence of "teaching students to learn" and guide students to solve the problems of "what to learn" and "how to learn".

The key to improve the quality of education lies in the classroom. The main position of quality education is classroom teaching, and the life value of teachers is mainly reflected in the classroom. Let's really implement the classroom reform with the attitude of absorbing innovation.

How to build an efficient classroom

Under the background of the new curriculum reform, the full implementation of quality education has greatly reduced the class hours, but the content has not been reduced. So, how to complete the established teaching task in a limited time? It is very important to improve the efficiency of classroom teaching. What aspects should we build an efficient classroom?

First of all, improve their professional quality and improve the efficiency of classroom teaching.

1. Establish a correct teaching concept. Consciousness is the forerunner of action, and the correct concept will definitely determine the effect and value of behavior. Therefore, teachers must update their teaching concepts in time and plan their own teaching behavior under the guidance of advanced teaching concepts in order not to be eliminated by the new situation.

(1) Subjective consciousness

Classroom teaching is teacher-led, students are the main body, and teachers' centralized and indoctrinating teaching methods must be completely abandoned. Students are the masters of the classroom. Teachers must respect students' dominant position, return the classroom to students, and fully mobilize students' enthusiasm and initiative to participate in the classroom, so as to truly improve the efficiency of classroom teaching.

(2) Stimulate consciousness

Classroom teaching is not entirely a reward, but a camera guide. "Don't be angry, don't worry, don't be angry." Teachers' timely and appropriate guidance, question bridging and summary promotion are the bright lights to ignite students' interest in learning and illuminate their thinking. Teachers should learn to inspire teaching, let students "jump up and pick peaches", let students study with confidence and improve classroom teaching efficiency.

(3) Democratic consciousness

Teachers and students should establish democratic, equal and harmonious interpersonal relationships. In classroom teaching, teachers should avoid "painting the ground as a prison", "taking myself as the standard" and "exclusion". Teachers should create a good teaching situation, which is conducive to equal dialogue between teachers and students, dilute the presupposition and unity of teaching activities, and attach importance to students' unique feelings, experiences and understanding, thus helping to improve classroom teaching.

2. Strive to improve professional quality. Teachers should establish the concept of lifelong learning, constantly learn to enrich and improve themselves, learn new curriculum theory, learn teaching materials and teaching methods, learn excellent traditional culture, and learn modern teaching methods. Teachers should be scientific research teachers, reflect on teaching behavior, sum up the laws of education and teaching, and form their own teaching ideas and styles.

3. Diversification of teaching methods. Classroom teaching reform is the highlight of the new curriculum reform. How to break the traditional teaching mode and create new teaching ideas? I have done a serious research on this, taking the role change of teachers in the classroom as the primary task of curriculum reform, and actively advocating the learning mode of "autonomy, cooperation and inquiry" to stimulate students' interest in learning, especially the teaching of classical Chinese. We use the following methods:

(1) Repeat reading

The ancients said, "If you read a book a hundred times, you will see what you mean." Reading more can help students read the correct sentences, get familiar with the content of the article, grasp the feelings and understand the connotation. If the form of reading is too simple, students will still lose interest in learning. Therefore, reading methods such as self-reading, sentence-breaking, fill-in-the-blank method, pattern reading and role reading are mainly adopted. Diversified reading forms not only enliven the classroom atmosphere, but also greatly mobilize students' interest in learning.

(2) Inspection and verification

Whether students' reading is effective or not must be verified by inspection. We mainly use the following four methods: multimedia search for the basic knowledge of classical Chinese; Students ask and answer questions in groups; Communicate your own translated sentences and fragments in groups, find problems and solve them; Learn the case check method. In the cooperative interaction of equal dialogue between students and teachers and students, the learning goals have been achieved and many things have been achieved.

(3) and so on

Key substantive words should not only be mastered in the text, but also pay attention to the analogy of knowledge. Using this method, students can accumulate a lot of substantive vocabulary and lay a good foundation for the study and review of classical Chinese in the future.

(4) Expand exploration.

For example, in the lesson of Biography of Su Wu, Su Wu's attitude towards life and death can guide students to think about the attitudes of many great men at home and abroad. For example, Qu Yuan's "Be kind, though you have no regrets after nine deaths" and Sima Qian's "Everyone will die, or be heavier than Mount Tai or lighter than a feather" can guide students to think about life and death and can be discussed in class.

4. Reflect in time after class. After a class, we should think about the success and mistakes of this class in time; Where the strength is not enough, where the time is wasted, and no good results have been achieved; When and why do students' eyes shine? Students bury their heads and only give you a head. When and why … Ask yourself more about the teaching process and prepare for the next class, which will inevitably form a virtuous circle.

Secondly, arrange classroom teaching reasonably to improve classroom teaching efficiency.

1. Make good preparations before class. Preview before class is the beginning of students' knowledge acquisition, the key and basic link in teaching, and an organic part of classroom teaching. Time is tight and the task is heavy. Without adequate preparation before class, you can't keep up with the fast pace of class, and you can't better master the knowledge of this class; Guide students to make preparations before teaching new lessons, clarify tasks, and promote students' understanding and thinking. Before teaching, learn about some students' preview, especially the problems they don't understand, and guide students to solve these problems together in class. This will greatly improve the efficiency of classroom teaching.

2. Find the right entry point for the content. Chinese teaching involves phonetics, grapheme, text structure and so on. And the content is complicated. In the limited time, it is impossible and unnecessary to cover everything. Therefore, Chinese teaching should grasp the key points, grasp this point to touch a corner and hold up the whole article, so as to effectively improve the efficiency of classroom teaching and get twice the result with half the effort.

3. Cultivating ability is the key. Whether it is a new class or a review class, there must be open training, and the training topics are few but accurate. In order to do this, we must change the teaching mode based on teacher analysis and replace it with the teaching mode based on ability training and students' autonomous learning under the guidance of teachers. In order to make training more effective, teachers must be good at designing and telling questions skillfully, and even general classroom questioning and exercises should pay attention to ability training.

Kung fu is used to prepare lessons. Preparing lessons well is the foundation and foundation of teaching. Only by studying teaching materials deeply and designing classroom teaching carefully can teachers achieve good teaching results. I think preparing lessons should at least do three things:

(1) Outline preparation: fully implement the requirements of the outline, combine the specific teaching practice into specific teaching behaviors, and flexibly use the outline. All teaching behaviors that are beneficial to educating students can be regarded as normal teaching behaviors.

(2) Preparation of teaching materials: Teachers should thoroughly understand the teaching materials, grasp the key points of the text, find out what they want to teach and design it into the teaching process.

(3) Prepare students: understand students' knowledge system, know what students should learn, always proceed from students' reality, respect students' personality differences, take into account students' reading psychology and learning level, stimulate interest points, and design suitable and feasible programs.

Finally, stimulate students' interest in learning and improve classroom teaching efficiency.

Interest is the best teacher, and interest is also a magic weapon to improve efficiency. To improve the efficiency and quality of Chinese teaching, we must first stimulate students' interest in learning Chinese, ignite the spark of their knowledge, thus arouse their desire for knowledge, stimulate their enthusiasm for learning and make them like Chinese. In the teaching process, students' positive thinking is always mobilized and ideas are opened everywhere. Classroom gives students knowledge, methods and freshness, and creates a strong learning atmosphere, so that students can consciously acquire knowledge and develop their abilities in a relaxed, pleasant and harmonious atmosphere, and change "I want to learn" into "I want to learn".

1. Do a good job in development and innovation. Teachers should use teaching materials to stimulate and guide students' discovery and innovation in various teaching methods. Different texts and different teaching methods will always give students new stimulation, thus activating their brains and opening the door to thinking. For example, when learning short stories, we can adopt the way of guessing and continuing to write, so that students can continue to write the ending of the novel in combination with the content of the novel, and then compare it with the original ending, analyze the similarities and differences, and guide students to innovate.

2. Carry out interest activities. To carry out some colorful Chinese activities in class, so that students can learn Chinese in practice, it is easier to stimulate their interest in learning and improve their learning efficiency. Such as: poetry recitation and recitation contest, reading method exchange meeting, poetry recitation with music, simulated press conference, speech contest, debate contest, literary salon, handwritten newspaper contest, blog writing contest and so on.

3. Cultivate good habits. Behavior forms habit, habit forms character, and character determines fate. Whether students have good study habits is very important for their success. Therefore, it is necessary to cultivate students' good Chinese learning habits in normal classroom teaching. First, put forward different requirements for students at different levels; Second, repeated training, perseverance; Third, lead by example and stimulate consciousness; Fourth, evaluate and praise and encourage development. Long-term persistence, such classroom teaching must be efficient.

4. Teach learning methods. It is better to teach people to fish than to teach them to fish. Now we advocate the concept of lifelong education. Our education is not to teach students how much boring knowledge, but to teach students a learning method that will benefit them for life. Therefore, teachers must effectively guide students' learning in classroom teaching, so that students' learning under the guidance of scientific and effective methods will be effective and efficient.

Of course, in addition to the above aspects, teachers have the ability to create a relaxed and harmonious classroom atmosphere, teachers have the ability to correctly handle the relationship between teachers and students, teachers have the ability to tell boring content to students in a lively form, and so on, which will also improve the efficiency of classroom teaching.