Introduction of ancient urban architecture?

The plane of ancient buildings in China is rectangular. Rectangular buildings have two dimensions on the plane, namely width and depth. The long side is wide and the short side is deep. For example, a building with three north rooms is wide in the east-west direction and deep in the north-south direction. Single building is composed of the most basic unit "room"

In the ancient city of China, the most important thing is the folk houses. In addition, there are public buildings, such as City God Temple, Guandi Temple, Taishan Temple, Confucius Temple, Land Temple and Kannonji. There are also bell tower, drum tower, theater, Buddhist temple, tower, memorial arch, palace, national altar, garden and so on. Details are as follows:

Architecture is the crystallization of wisdom and civilization, the witness of historical vicissitudes, and the embodiment of culture and thought. In the course of thousands of years' historical evolution, China's ancient architecture, whether it is a grand palace, a solemn temple, a quiet garden or a colorful folk house, has been branded with China's traditional culture by its unique formal language, expressing rich and profound China's traditional thoughts. At the same time, under the influence of this idea, the ancient architecture in China embodies strong national characteristics in the selection and treatment of materials, structure, layout, space and environment.

The golden mean is the highest value principle of China's traditional thought, which was put forward by Confucius. This concept is embodied in ancient architecture, that is, the plane of the building is symmetrical and evenly arranged, and there should be a solemn north-south axis in the layout, which plays the role of central nervous system. This pattern has become the epitome of various architectural combinations in ancient China, such as palaces, palaces, yamen, temples, ancestral halls, halls and academies.

In general quadrangle houses, interpersonal relationships are reflected in the plane layout. The elders live in the upper house, the elder brother lives in the east, the younger brother lives in the west, and the harem lives in the backyard, not taking the second door. The functional relationship of a room is the relationship between people and the law of various people's activities in it. Generally speaking, in a group of buildings, the front, back, room, ear, door, hall, corridor and wing have their own grades, which shall not be higher than the main building. Even after death, there is a strict hierarchy in the area of graves, the height of graves, the shape of tombstones, Shinto stone carvings and even coffin ritual vessels. Violation of these systems will be punished by criminal law. If you use the emperor's unique style, the crime will be even greater. In addition, there is a regular mathematical relationship between the overall layout and subtle decoration of traditional buildings in China. For example, the number of rooms is up to nine (expanded to eleven in Qing dynasty), and then reduced to seven, five, three and one; The maximum depth is 13 frames, and then it is reduced to 3 frames. Most of these rules were fixed by imperial laws and regulations (such as the training and revision orders in the Tang Dynasty and the architectural methods in the Song Dynasty). ), and the difference of these figures directly shows the difference of building grades of people of different grades. "Confucianism outside and Taoism inside." Confucianism is the spiritual pillar to maintain China's feudal rule for thousands of years. The characteristics of China's Confucianism are most obviously reflected in the aspects of benevolence, righteousness, propriety and righteousness. Therefore, in the most representative traditional buildings in China, such as palaces, temples, tombs, temples, ancestral halls, etc., the plane layout is characterized by an obvious central axis, and the main buildings are arranged on the central axis, with foil buildings on both sides, which should be uniform and symmetrical. This solemn and dignified, neat and symmetrical, foil-oriented way fully shows the closed, rigorous and implicit national temperament.

Ancient palace architecture is the supreme ruler's display of the power and majesty of the empire through architectural art, symbolizing the supreme and eternal kingship. Therefore, the ancient palaces in China emphasized the momentum of the group, the sequence of the group helped to render the majesty of the ruling dynasty, and the layout of the group helped to reflect the dignity of the patriarchal hierarchy.

For more information about bid writing and improving the winning rate, click on the bottom customer service for free consultation.