What are the factors that affect the appraisal value of assets?

Main factors affecting the appraisal value of intangible assets:

(1) Profitability of intangible assets. The value of intangible assets comes from the realizable income of intangible assets in the future income period, including the transfer value of the right to use intangible assets within the effective life and the annual income evaluation value of intangible assets.

The stronger the profitability of an intangible asset, the higher its evaluation value if the environment and system allow; The weaker the profitability, the lower the evaluation value. Some intangible assets, although the creation cost is 7 yuan, are not needed by the market, or have low profitability and low appraisal value.

(2) The service life of intangible assets. As far as value itself is concerned, the value of intangible assets is closely related to the year when intangible assets generate income, and the service life of intangible assets directly affects the evaluation value of intangible assets. Therefore, the service life of intangible assets is an important factor affecting the evaluation value of intangible assets.

Each intangible asset generally has a certain service life. On the one hand, the service life depends on the advanced level of intangible assets; On the other hand, it depends on its intangible loss. The more advanced intangible assets, the higher the leading level and the longer the service life. Similarly, the lower the degree of intangible loss, the longer the period (or income period) of its actual excess income. The principles and basis for determining the service life are:

For intangible assets that are protected by law and are not affected by the effective time, the legal protection period is the use period of intangible assets;

Intangible assets that are both protected by law and limited by economic years shall be determined according to the principle of "whichever is shorter";

For intangible assets that are not protected by law, the effective economic benefits determined by technology are their service life; Intangible assets with a transfer contract shall have a service life of the period specified in the contract.

(3) The scientific value and development prospect of intangible assets. General scientific and technological achievements have a process of development-maturity-decline. The higher the technical level of the achievement, the stronger the monopoly, the longer the service life, the stronger the excess income ability of the achievement and the higher its evaluation value; At the same time, the maturity of scientific and technological achievements directly affects the evaluation value. The higher the degree of development, the more mature the technology, the smaller the risk of using the technical achievements and the higher the evaluation value.

In addition, the loss and depreciation of intangible assets will also affect its appraisal value. The faster the replacement of intangible assets, the greater the intangible loss and the lower its evaluation value. The loss and depreciation of intangible assets value does not depend on its own use loss, but on its own promotion.

(4) The cost of intangible assets. Like tangible assets, intangible assets also have costs. Just relative to tangible assets, its cost determination is not very clear, and it is easy to measure. For enterprise intangible assets, the cost of outsourcing intangible assets is easier to determine, and the cost of self-creation is more difficult to measure. Due to the one-off characteristics of intangible assets, the labor consumed in the process of creation is not horizontal. At the same time, the creation of intangible assets is closely related to its input and failure, but it is very difficult to determine this part of the cost. Generally speaking, these cost items include creation and invention cost, legal protection cost, distribution and promotion cost, etc.

(5) the application of the results. From the transfer content, intangible assets transfer includes ownership transfer and use right transfer. The transfer right of intangible assets is directly related to the economic interests of buyers and sellers. Generally speaking, the more rights the buyer obtains, the higher the evaluation value of intangible assets. As far as ownership transfer and use right transfer are concerned, the appraisal value of intangible assets of ownership transfer is higher than that of use right transfer.

For example, the transfer price of patent right is much higher than that of patent license. Because a patent can be licensed to multiple manufacturers, each manufacturer only obtains the right to use it, and has limited monopoly and low transfer price, but its evaluation value tends to decrease with the increase of transfer times.

In addition, in the technology trade, it is also the transfer of the right to use, and because of its different licensing degrees, it also affects the evaluation value.

(6) Market supply and demand. The market supply and demand of intangible assets are generally reflected in two aspects. First, the market demand for intangible assets; The second is the applicability of intangible assets.

For intangible assets that can be sold or transferred, the evaluation value changes with the change of market demand, and the greater the market demand, the higher the evaluation value; The smaller the market demand, the lower the evaluation value when similar intangible assets are replaced. Similarly, the wider the application scope of intangible assets, the higher the degree of application, the more demanders, the greater the demand, and the higher the evaluation value.

(7) payment method. The payment of technology transfer fee often runs through the whole process of transfer, and various payment methods have a direct impact on the determination of evaluation value. When transferring intangible assets, if the price transfer method is one-time payment, the risks in the implementation process and the economic risks after investment are generally borne by the buyer, and the evaluation value at this time should be set at a lower level;

If the price is paid in multiple installments, the evaluation value should be higher because of the long payment period; Adopting the payment method of technical entrance fee plus income commission, its evaluation value is in the middle; The commission is completely based on income, and its evaluation value is the highest.

Extended data:

Attention should be paid to when using the income method in intangible assets evaluation:

(1) On the basis of the obtained information about intangible assets, according to the historical implementation and future application prospect of the assessed intangible assets or similar intangible assets, combined with the operating conditions of enterprises that have implemented or intend to implement intangible assets, the predictability of economic benefits of intangible assets is emphatically analyzed, and the applicability of income method is properly considered;

(2) Reasonably estimate the expected income from intangible assets, reasonably distinguish the income from other assets, and analyze the expected change, income period, cost, supporting assets, cash flow and risk factors related to income;

(3) Keep the expected return consistent with the discount rate;

(4) Reasonably estimate the discount rate according to the risk factors and the time value of money during the implementation of intangible assets, and the discount rate of intangible assets should be different from that of enterprises or other assets;

(5) Comprehensively analyze the remaining economic life, legal life and other related factors of intangible assets, and reasonably determine the income period.

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