Background of strategic emerging industries

Strategic emerging industries refer to industries that are built on the basis of major frontier scientific and technological breakthroughs, represent the new direction of future scientific and technological development, reflect the development trend of knowledge economy, circular economy and low-carbon economy in the world today, are still in the early stage of growth, have great potential for future development, and have an overall driving and significant leading role in the economy and society.

Wen Jiabao, Prime Minister of the State Council, China, held three symposiums on the development of emerging strategic industries on September 2 1 22, 2009 to listen to the opinions and suggestions of economic and scientific experts.

Wen Jiabao emphasized at the meeting that developing strategic emerging industries is an important strategic choice for China to tide over the current difficulties and focus on the long term. We should choose and develop emerging strategic industries with international vision and strategic thinking.

Forty-seven academicians from China Academy of Sciences and China Academy of Engineering, professors and experts from universities and research institutes, and heads of enterprises and trade associations attended the meeting. Participants put forward suggestions on developing new energy, energy conservation and environmental protection, electric vehicles, new materials, new medicines, biological breeding and information industry. Wen Jiabao discussed and exchanged views with you on the strategic direction, technical route, development layout, scientific research and policy support of related industries.

On the morning of March 3, 20091/KLOC-0, Wen Jiabao delivered a speech entitled "Let Science and Technology Lead the Sustainable Development of China" in the Great Hall of the People. He emphasized that it is very important to scientifically choose emerging strategic industries. If you choose the right one, you can leapfrog development. If you choose the wrong one, you will delay the opportunity. China has certain comparative advantages and broad development space in developing emerging strategic industries, and it can make a difference.

First, we must attach great importance to the development of new energy industry, innovate and develop renewable energy technology, energy-saving and emission-reduction technology, clean coal technology and nuclear energy technology, vigorously promote energy conservation and environmental protection and resource recycling, and accelerate the construction of low-carbon emission industries, buildings and transportation systems. We should strive to be at the forefront of the global development of new energy vehicles, determine the technical route and marketing measures of new energy vehicles as soon as possible, and promote the leap-forward development of China's automobile industry.

Second, efforts should be made to break through the key technologies of sensor networks and the Internet of Things, and relevant technology research and development in the post-IP era should be deployed as soon as possible, so that the information network industry will become the "engine" to promote industrial upgrading and move towards the information society.

The third is to speed up scientific and technological research in the fields of microelectronics and photoelectric materials and devices, new functional materials, high-performance structural materials, nanotechnology and materials, and form new materials and intelligent green manufacturing systems with world advanced level as soon as possible.

Fourth, use life science to promote the development of agriculture and pharmaceutical industry. Actively develop transgenic breeding technology and strive to improve the yield and quality of agricultural products. Break through the key core technologies of innovative drugs and basic medical devices, and form a pharmaceutical R&D industrial chain led by innovative drug R&D and advanced medical device manufacturing.

Fifth, boldly explore space, ocean and deep earth, implement manned spaceflight project and Chang 'e project, effectively enter and use space peacefully, earnestly strengthen the research on sustainable development of coastal zone, promote the rational development of marine resources and the development of marine industry, strive to improve the detection level of deep earth resources and make full use of various resources.

Wen Jiabao said that more attention should be paid to basic research and strategic high-tech research. Original innovation is the source of a country's competitiveness. If China wants to seize the commanding heights of future economic and technological development, it can't always learn from others, imitate others, and can't wait for technology transfer. It must rely on its own strength to produce original results.

20 10 On September 8th, the State Council Prime Minister Wen Jiabao presided over the the State Council executive meeting, which deliberated and passed in principle the Decision of the State Council on Accelerating the Cultivation and Development of Strategic Emerging Industries.

The meeting pointed out that based on major technological breakthroughs and major development needs, accelerating the cultivation and development of strategic emerging industries is of great significance for promoting the upgrading of industrial structure and the transformation of economic development mode, enhancing China's independent development capability and international competitiveness, and promoting sustainable economic and social development. We should combine the basic role of the market with the guidance and promotion of the government, combine scientific and technological innovation with industrialization, deepen the system reform, take enterprises as the main body, promote the integration of Industry-University-Research, and cultivate strategic emerging industries into leading industries and pillar industries of the national economy.

The meeting determined the key directions, main tasks and supporting policies for the development of strategic emerging industries. (1) Based on China's national conditions, science and technology, and industrial foundation, at this stage, we will choose seven industries, namely, energy conservation and environmental protection, next-generation information technology, biology, high-end equipment manufacturing, new energy, new materials, and new energy vehicles, and concentrate on accelerating progress in key areas. (2) Strengthen scientific and technological innovation and enhance the core competitiveness of the industry. Strengthen the research on key core technologies and cutting-edge technologies of industries, strengthen the construction of technological innovation capability of enterprises, strengthen the construction of high-skilled talents and the creation, application, protection and management of intellectual property rights, implement major industrial innovation development projects, build an industrial innovation support system, and promote the industrialization and industrial agglomeration development of major scientific and technological achievements. (3) Actively cultivate the market and create a good market environment.

Organize the implementation of major application demonstration projects, support market expansion and business model innovation, establish industry standards and technical standards systems for important products, and improve the market access system. (4) Deepening international cooperation. Promote multi-level, multi-channel and multi-mode international scientific and technological cooperation and exchanges. Guide strategic emerging industries to invest abroad, support qualified enterprises to invest abroad, and improve the quality and level of international investment and financing cooperation. Actively support key products, technologies and services of strategic emerging industries to explore the international market. (five) to strengthen financial, taxation, financial and other policy support, guide and encourage social capital investment. Set up special funds for the development of strategic emerging industries and establish a stable financial input growth mechanism. Formulate and improve tax support policies to promote the development of strategic emerging industries. Encourage financial institutions to increase credit support, give play to the financing function of multi-level capital markets, and vigorously develop venture capital and equity investment funds.

The meeting stressed that it is necessary to strengthen organizational leadership and overall coordination, formulate national strategic emerging industries development plans, formulate industrial development guidance catalogues, optimize regional layout, and form a coordinated development pattern of strategic emerging industries with distinctive characteristics, complementary advantages and reasonable structure.

The world's industrialization for more than 200 years has only modernized the developed countries with a population of less than 654.38+0 billion, but the resources and original ecology have paid a heavy price. The modernization of developing countries, including China, can no longer continue the traditional mode of economic growth and development. Sustainable development is the eternal theme of modernization. The progress of human civilization calls for sustainable development and new scientific and technological revolution, and China is about to face severe challenges. We should rely on science and technology to realize the sustainable development of China, form a production mode of less input and more output and a consumption mode of less emission and more utilization, and embark on a new road of industrialization and urbanization with developed production, affluent life and good ecology. Let China, a beautiful and ancient land, become an oasis and paradise for generations of China people! Today, the world is suffering from the impact of the financial crisis and is on the eve of a new scientific and technological revolution. In the first half of the 20th century, a physical revolution centered on quantum mechanics and relativity took place, and the subsequent breakthroughs in the Big Bang model, DNA double helix structure, plate tectonics theory and computer science laid the basic structure of the modern scientific system. Since the second half of the 20th century, despite the rapid growth of knowledge, the basic performance is the improvement of existing scientific theories, and no theoretical achievements or major discoveries can be compared with these six revolutionary scientific breakthroughs. In this sense, "scientific silence" has been more than 60 years. From the beginning of 2 1 century, the precursors of revolutionary breakthroughs in some important scientific and technological fields began to appear. This new scientific and technological revolution will rely on the strong demand of modernization process and be driven by the innovation of knowledge and technology system.

The Chinese nation has always been a creative nation. China's ancient printing, gunpowder and compass changed the face and state of the world. In modern history, we have had four opportunities for development. The first time was in industrial revolution in europe. It made us become the so-called "Kangxi Shi Sheng". Kangxi 6 1 year, Qianlong 60 years, plus Yongzheng 13 years, a *** 134 years. At that time, the Qing Dynasty was addicted to the blind self-esteem of the "kingdom of heaven" and even developed to the promulgation of the "sea ban", which closed the door for China to go global. For foreign scientific and technological inventions, we call them "strange skills and cunning" and ignore them. Satisfied with the traditional mode of production in agricultural society, we turned a blind eye to the scientific and technological revolution and the industrial revolution and missed the opportunity. 1840 after the second opium war, the western powers strengthened their ships and guns, and the Westernization School launched a self-improvement movement of "learning from foreigners to control foreigners." However, due to the backwardness of feudal system and superficial understanding of modern science and technology, China once again lost the opportunity of scientific and technological revolution. The third time was in the first half of last century. Due to the invasion of warlords and other places, China lost the opportunity to save the country through science and technology, and the precious scientific and technological foundation established in New China was greatly damaged. We also lost the opportunity of the world's new technological revolution and widened the gap between China and the world's advanced scientific and technological level. China can't miss the new scientific and technological revolution. It must pay close attention to and keep up with the general trend of world economic and technological development, win the initiative and make a difference in the new scientific and technological revolution. ,

The rare international financial crisis in 2008 made the world economy suffer the most serious challenge since the Great Depression of last century. The scope, depth and speed of this crisis have exceeded people's expectations. China's economy has also been severely impacted, mainly due to shrinking external demand, prominent overcapacity, difficulties in production and operation in some industries, increased unemployment and obvious decline in economic growth.

We should see that the international financial crisis has brought unprecedented challenges and opportunities to China. Short-term difficulties and long-term contradictions are intertwined, the task of changing the development mode and adjusting the economic structure is becoming more and more arduous, the constraints of resources and environment are becoming more and more prominent, and the pressure of international economic and technological competition is increasing. Only by accelerating institutional innovation and scientific and technological innovation can we fundamentally overcome the adverse effects of the international financial crisis. Therefore, when the positive trend of the economy is consolidated, we should and must start to think about long-term things. The long-term things are technology and education.

Historical experience shows that economic crises often breed new scientific and technological revolutions. It is the major breakthroughs and innovations in science and technology that have promoted the major adjustment of the economic structure, provided a new growth engine, and brought the economy back to balance and raised it to a higher level. Whoever has an advantage in scientific and technological innovation will be able to take the initiative in development and take the lead in recovery and prosperity. The United States proposed to increase R&D investment to the highest level in history, accounting for 3% of GDP, trying to make breakthroughs in the fields of new energy, basic science, stem cell research and aerospace. Put forward the main direction of American science and technology twice, including energy saving and environmental protection, smart earth and so on. The EU has announced that it will invest 654.38+005 billion euros to develop the green economy before 2065.438+03, and maintain its leading position in the field of green technology. Britain strengthens its industrial competitive advantage from high technology, especially biopharmaceuticals. Japan focuses on developing energy and environmental technologies. Russia proposes to develop nanotechnology and nuclear energy technology. We must be far-sighted, seize the opportunity, strive to achieve leapfrog development in this competition, and narrow the gap with developed countries in economy and science and technology.

If China's economy wants to develop in a comprehensive, coordinated and sustainable way in a longer period of time and embark on the track of innovation-driven and endogenous growth as soon as possible, it must make reserve efforts in four aspects: strategic decision-making, scientific and technological innovation, leading talents and industrialization. The Outline of the National Medium-and Long-Term Scientific and Technological Development Plan has been formulated, with the strategic goal of building an innovative country, the strategic direction of sustainable development and the strategic focus of striving for the commanding heights of economic science and technology, so as to gradually make strategic emerging industries become the leading force of economic and social development. These forward-looking, strategic and overall arrangements reflect the strategic policy of independent innovation, key leapfrogging, supporting development and leading the future in China's scientific and technological development. It is very important to choose strategic emerging industries scientifically. If you choose the right one, you can leapfrog development; If you choose the wrong one, you will miss the opportunity. Strategic emerging industries must master key core technologies, have market demand prospects, and have the characteristics of low energy consumption, large driving coefficient, many employment opportunities and good comprehensive benefits.