Introduction to jazz drum music theory? What should we pay attention to when studying?

Jazz drum is very important in modern music, because it not only determines the style and rhythm of the whole music, but also determines the basic speed of the whole music (fast version, medium version and slow version). Although drums have no scales, their rhythmic style can make the atmosphere look glorious and solemn, or show peace and kindness, so that the water of worship fluctuates in different bands like waves and reaches the highest level.

The low-frequency timbre of the bass drum is like the heartbeat that an unborn baby is used to in his mother's stomach, which endows the music with profound depth and breadth. The medium and high frequency timbre of the snare drum gives the music a sense of progress and movement. Hi-Hat's high-frequency sound is like a second hand, which makes music move at a steady and regular speed. If you roll on the floor, Tom.

It can make music show a sense of grandeur.

At present, amateur drummers account for the vast majority in the general church, and their practice time is definitely not enough to compare with professional drummers. Personally, I think that the most important task of learning jazz drums is how to choose appropriate chapters, save time and practice efficiently, and make time play its greatest role. Drummers will come in handy soon.

Become a worship vessel given by God.

1. Types of drums: There are many types of drums.

1. Ordinary stick: thick and light in shape.

There are also different materials. Generally speaking, different drums will have different timbre (especially the blow of the rim) and skills.

2. Root: made of thin bamboo strips.

The timbre of its percussion instruments is rustle, and the sound quality and volume are between the drum brush and the general drum stick.

3. Brush (commonly known as drum broom): with metal and plastic bristles, the tone is delicate and soft. Used in places with low volume requirements, such as light music, jazz, small space or traditional churches.

4. Hammer: The front end of the drum stick is made of cotton or rubber, and the percussion sound has a deep, steady and solemn feeling.

So Tom on the floor smells like a timpani. If used on cymbals, it will produce soft and dense * * * sound effect, which can create a soft paradise effect.

5. Latin stick: the stick head and the stick tail are of the same thickness, with three lengths: 13 inch, 15 inch and 16 inch.

Use it to beat the rhythm sound effects such as cowbells, bronze drums and drums, and feel the warmth and joy.

6. If there is black dirt on the head of the drum stick (mainly caused by knocking the cymbals), it is easy to stick the black dirt on the foggy drum skin when playing the small drum, resulting in a smooth drum skin without rough surface, and it is difficult to present a perfect rustling effect when playing with a drum brush.

7. If the head of the drum stick is damaged and hits the drum head, the drum head will easily sag. Drum sticks are consumables, so don't hesitate to buy them.

Second, the grip method: the incorrect grip method is usually one of the main reasons for the difficulty in future progress.

1. Mainly divided into traditional grip and symmetrical grip. The difference between the two is only the difference of the left hand. The traditional grip method is to gently hold the drum stick between the thumb and forefinger of the left hand (at the tiger's mouth) and swing it up and down.

2. Symmetrical grip: the left and right hand grips are the same. The two-handed drum sticks are splayed, and the upward angle of the back of the hand is not necessarily. Take the right-handed hitter as an example, the angle of the back of the right hand is different when hitting the cymbals or riding the cymbals. For the left hand, the angle of the back of the left hand is different when playing snare drum or floor drum.

3. There are many ways to hold the rod as needed, not limited to 1~2 ways to hold the rod. Sometimes you can even hold two drums in one hand as needed.

So no grip can be said to be absolutely correct.

4. In Latin music, in order to obtain sharp timbre, the short Latin drum stick of 13 inch is often used in traditional grip. At this time, the end of the drum stick shakes hands! Knock skillfully with your thumb, forefinger and middle finger.

At the beginning, the principle of holding the stick was simple. Don't squeeze hard, it will cause tendon injury. In addition, there are shortcomings such as improper use of wrist force, which will cause Tom Tom's drum to be turbid and Hi-Hat's dots to be unclear.

6. The length of the grip can be changed as required, but the grip at the end of the drum stick is greater than 1/3. Those who want to increase strength can hold the end of the drum stick.

Third, percussion posture: A drummer's drumming posture can probably reveal his percussion level.

1. The upper body is not straight, and the left and right shoulders are unbalanced.

2. The height of the drum chair is not suitable, which leads to the stress difference between the left and right feet, uneven drum strength, and inaccurate grasp of the opening and closing time of the cymbal.

3. Stiff arms, unable to swing with the rhythm of music, stiff and inelastic movements, easy backache, unable to play at a stable speed for a long time.

4. Playing drums only with arm strength, the wrist strength is not very good, which leads to the turbidity of the drum head (especially the floor drum Tom with soft drum skin), and the cymbals are not brittle.

5. The blow of stepping on the cymbal is a blow when the arm is put down.

Hit the forearm with your wrist when you lift it, so that you can shoot more accurately.

The arm is not easy to get tired, and it can get strong and weak timbre.

Fourth, basic exercises: take root and the results will come up.

1. Basic technology is the key to future progress. If you ignore this exercise, many rhythms will not be easy to practice.

Solo is even harder.

2. Generally, drummers have the loudest drum volume, so they can't hear the sound of the door clearly, and the drum volume distribution is poor.

No matter how long you spend studying, you can't stop practicing the basic drum every day.

In addition, the basic practice of tambourine is also based on tambourine.

4. If you want to improve your drum skills or take drums as a career, 26 Introduction 1933 published by the National Drummer Association is the most basic course.

5. If you want to cover the small drum skills of symphony and military music, then the 40 Introduction published by the International Drummer Association in 2000 is an indispensable stunt.

6. If you want to use it at the door at will, it should be inevitable to spend at least one year practicing on the basis of a small drum.

Verb (abbreviation of verb) roll: also known as broken drum, roll or combo.

There are many basic exercises, but drums are used in many places (especially swing dance, samba and fusion), and drums are mostly required subjects in the technical examination of classical or modern orchestras and music percussion departments. Drum sounds simple, but the skill of drum can easily reflect the level of the batter, which shows that drum is a very important part for drummers.

There are two kinds of drums:

(1) Roll-on: hit one or two points at a time with one hand.

Let the left and right hands take turns to circle.

(2) Closing or rolling: Using the elasticity of the drumhead, fingers press down and bounce freely, so that the drumhead makes a short and continuous sound.

The basic practice of drum set should be practiced slowly and circularly from slow to fast, and the drum sound intensity should be controlled at will, with (1) fingers bouncing or swinging (2) wrist bending and stretching (3) elbow lifting and releasing (4) arm swinging freely with the stick to form a beautiful and natural hitting action.

Six, rhythm practice:

1. If you skip the basic technical exercises and go directly to the rhythm class, your future study will be very hard. Grasp the rhythm.

It takes more time to practice a rhythm than others, and the rhythm is not necessarily good.

2. Many new drummers skip basic training to practice strong and weak stress, and then start learning rhythm patterns in a hurry, and then play, so from the first song to the last one, it is always stress+stress+loud, not to mention musicality, not to mention clear hierarchy.

3. I remember that more than 20 years ago, when I was learning drum set, my teacher taught me the ultra-basic dot-fixing exercise that started with my right hand (I didn't teach the exercise that started with my left hand) for two months ***8 classes, during which I didn't even touch the real drum. Although I complained at that time, I am grateful now, because the foundation of super-primary attack was established at that time, and several books were broken in extracurricular practice in school dormitories.

4. Rhythm retouching: As far as the unchanging performance rhythm of live performances is concerned, it is inevitably poor and tasteless.

Therefore, it is necessary to match the strong and weak rhythm of the main theme and make changes with the small drum of the left hand.

Seven, foot exercises: when you first learn to step on the drum, there are often many doubts.

1. Foot exercises are the same as hands.

At this time, the height of sitting posture is very important, because the foot degree of sitting posture determines the best stepping point of pedal and the easiest and fastest starting point.

2. Drum treading can be divided into heel down and heel up. At present, the mat-stepping method is mostly used, and it is best to practice playing "or" on "timbre in two ways: flat stepping and mat stepping.

3. The practice of feet should be done separately according to the notes, forehand and backswing of notes 4 and 8, and 16, and then hand training should be added.

According to the needs of music, the drum skin is sometimes hard and sometimes soft, and its resilience is different, so you will feel different when you step on the drum.

A good drummer can step on the open tone, stuffy tone, strong tone, weak tone and double-click tone according to the music.

It's not just drumming.

6. Basically, drums and bass are integrated, but they are different from bass and should be consistent with the rhythm of bass.

7. Most (85%) beat the drums with their feet when knocking on the cymbals.

Only in this way can cymbals have depth and breadth.

Playing drums against the wall is a good way to practice yourself.

9. Pedal selection: A good pedal can make a beautiful double-click sound with one foot.

A. The floor should be heavier and more stable, so that it won't sway when you step on it.

B. stomp the drumstick to the end.

Let it suddenly rebound. The more rebound times, the longer the rebound time, the better.

C. it is best to adjust the angle of the hammer head. Jazz uses a small mallet, while pop music mostly uses a large area mallet as a reference.

D. The lever precision type has more direct power transmission and better touch than the belt type.

E the pedal swings at a small angle, and the drumstick can swing at a large angle at the same time. How to learn jazz drums

Zhao Ming (Vice President of Beijing Modern Music School)

[Abstract]

Suitable for beginners of jazz drums.

The common problem is that you often do some ineffective and inefficient exercises, but you don't realize it.

After practicing for a long time, the performance level is still average, so before practicing jazz drums, students should have some basic understanding of the study and practice of jazz drums.

[Keywords:]

Habitual imitation method cultivates and develops good practice habits and avoids ineffective and inefficient practice.

Practice in a planned and purposeful way to avoid venting at will;

Many students beat drums for no reason because of their love for them.

Sweating, but I feel good about myself.

This is a terrible thing, which means that you have been playing like this for three hours.

Two and a half hours have been wasted. Practice without plan and purpose will only increase the sense of meaningless and inexplicable enrichment. Avoid blind imitation without seeking solutions;

After seeing the master beating drums, students often like to imitate them privately, rather than practicing basic skills step by step. The result is:

-Playing will never be right (because I don't know the specific content, technique and key points)

-I will never remember the content (I can't remember it because I don't know the specific content, but I will forget it because I'm not sure)

-The performance level will never go up (because it is like building a house on the beach, and the infrastructure is not good)

Always learn from scratch (because the infrastructure is not good.

When you encounter problems, you can only remove the cover. ) concentrate on time and practice;

When beginners practice basic skills.

It is often impossible to concentrate on practicing all day, because for most students, it is a hard, boring and monotonous thing to concentrate on practicing the basic skills of drum set, which is not as comfortable as venting.

But please remember! All masters were once "students". So as long as you can bear every minute of pain, you will make 100% progress. Don't simplify the difficulty of music score casually;

Beginners often encounter the problem of choosing music scores. The rhythm of a piece of music is too difficult to pass the door or the solo ... what should I do? Can you simplify the game according to your own ideas? The answer is always "no". The reason is simple:

-If a piece of music has too many places that you can't learn, it is too difficult, which means that your level is not enough.

There is no need to simplify.

Instead, you should give up and wait until the foundation comes.

If you simplify or change because you can't play, you will definitely play it as a skill you have mastered, thus giving up the only thing in music that will make you progress.

But can't you really change the score? Not really, if you can play all the music easily.

You can try to challenge the original author's adaptation. But don't choose to simplify just because it's difficult to play.

If you can do the above four points seriously and form a habit, practice will get twice the result with half the effort.

(B) Pay attention to the related music knowledge of jazz drums

1. Score

Knowing how to read and remember music can help beginners learn jazz drums more correctly and effectively.

-Learning music score is a prerequisite for mutual communication and standardized practice. At present, the labeling of many teaching materials and materials has not been completely unified, but it has formed a big norm. Beginners only need to master some necessary common sense of music theory and be diligent in analysis and summary.

So that you can understand the music you encounter as soon as possible.

-Music score is an important basis for learning progress; Whether or not the repertoire has been learned and how it was learned can be seen at a glance through the music score. Moreover, each practice track can be recorded in detail according to the date, which is convenient for you to complete or strengthen these tracks in a planned way.

-Sightseeing music score is a necessary skill for drummers; Many times, the drummer gets the music temporarily, and you may not have heard it at all.

If you want to play at once, your sight-reading ability will be tested at this time.

-Music score is the permanent material after you copy the song; Copying songs is an important means for drummers to learn jazz drums. The rhythms, doors, solos and paragraphs in the track are heard and recorded as music scores.

It is convenient for research, analysis and performance. And these scores represent the personal wealth of each drummer.

2. History

Understanding and mastering some knowledge about music history, especially the history of jazz and pop music in Europe and America, is closely related to the emergence and development of jazz drums. The playing skills and styles of many jazz drums are directly related to the specific historical background and contemporary musicians. These are very helpful for beginners to learn and understand jazz drums.

(C) absorb a lot of information

For beginners, the understanding of jazz drums is often based on their own interests.

Perhaps it is the chic of the live drummer that makes your heart beat, or the rhythm of a song that makes you puzzled.

Maybe it's the appearance of the jazz drum that makes you fondle it. but ...

Become a drummer.

An imaginary drummer is not just as simple as finding a teacher, signing up for a class, or finding some textbooks to teach himself.

In the era of knowledge economy.

If you want to practice jazz drums well and become a drummer, you must absorb a lot of information. It can be said that learning drums is self-practice in the process of absorbing a lot of information and digesting. Therefore, beginners should understand this before learning.

Just like now, almost all textbooks and teachers will emphasize the importance of basic skills and tell you why you should practice. But beginners still can't flexibly connect basic skills with rhythm, crossing the door and solo. The question most frequently asked by students is: How long do I have to practice before I can play? There are some students who haven't practiced for long.

Enthusiastic about copying songs, organizing band rehearsals and putting aside basic exercises.

In fact, persistent practice of basic skills is the key to learning jazz drums well.

But at the same time, it is also very important to learn jazz drums well. Therefore, before learning jazz drums, the most important thing is to know why you want to learn drums. How long can I spend practicing drum sets every day? What is the level of master in your mind? What level do you want to play? And all this requires a lot of information.

The first set of jazz drums 19 14 was produced in America, and then developed rapidly in Europe and America. As a western musical instrument, there is a big gap between China and the world's advanced level, and the environment for learning jazz drums is far behind Europe, America, Japan, Hong Kong and Taiwan. This requires beginners to actively master a lot of information about jazz drums: music appreciation.

Playing jazz drums is very skillful.

Its skills are dazzling. But these techniques are closely related to music, ignoring this problem.

No matter how good the technique is, no matter how fast it plays, no matter how fancy it is.

No music.

Without musicality, it is nothing. There are many styles of modern music, so it's best not to listen to music only within your favorite range, but to be more extensive and find the inevitable connection between rhythm and melody in these music. Practice textbook

At present, there are few textbooks in China.

There are not many choices. Foreign teaching materials are relatively rich.

Generally can be divided into three categories:

Comprehensive category: mainly introduces various rhythms and related techniques.

Topic category: introduce a specific rhythm or basic skills.

Master class: Personal idiomatic skills of a master or famous drummer. watch a performance

Nothing is more real than watching a live performance if conditions permit. A special performance by the drummer.

Concerts and band rehearsals can make you know more about the ever-changing jazz drums and stimulate your awareness of hard practice. netinfo

After studying, I often log on to the Internet.

Inquire about the information trends of jazz drums and percussion. Including the homepage of famous jazz drum brands, the personal homepage of famous drummers, some jazz drum teaching websites, forums related to jazz drums and percussion, and some musical instrument websites. Many times there will be some unexpected gains. Good communication

No matter with teachers or other drummers, we should always communicate, ask our own questions, learn from others' experience and introduce our feelings to everyone, so as to make progress together. If you join a group, you should also communicate with other musicians. Don't simply think that drums are rhythm, melody and harmony have nothing to do with me, so you will never become a qualified drummer.

Learning jazz drums is both hard and interesting. I hope all jazz drum lovers will give up.

(1) Drumming: Drumming, also known as snare drum, is the most important instrument in western atonal percussion instruments.

This is one of the drums. The playing posture of the snare drum is also the playing posture of the drum set. In drum playing, because the foot needs to step on the drum and the hairpin at the same time, it is played in a sitting position. When playing, you should have a correct posture, and the upper limbs such as chest, shoulders and arms should be naturally relaxed. When playing, your arms naturally bend upward, put them on the drum surface, and hold the mallet in both hands. The second joint of the thumb and the second joint of the index finger of the right hand hold the drumhead handle, and the third joint of the thumb and the index finger naturally come together, and the palm of the middle finger, the ring finger and the little finger bend to keep a certain gap with the mallet handle to control the drumhead. The palm of the left hand is inward.

The thumb index finger grips the handle of the drumstick, and the third joint of the ring finger grips the bottom of the drumstick. The other fingers naturally bend into the palm direction to hold the ball.

Mastered the correct posture of holding the hammer.

There must also be a correct method of percussion. In training, you must remember the word "percussion", that is, you must play it. After the drumstick hits the drum surface, it is necessary to immediately resume the preparatory action when beating the drum. The action of the drum should be completed in an instant, be "elastic", full of vibration, and play bright, concentrated, firm and powerful.

Play the full sound effect. Beginners should also pay attention to the position of percussion when practicing percussion, which should hit the center of the snare drum three to five centimeters. In addition, there are side attack, side attack, alternating attack, rolling and so on. You can practice with one hand first, then with two hands, or with two hands.

(2) Drum stepping method: Tap the drum with your right foot, under normal circumstances.

The heel steps on the back end of the pedal with the ankle joint as the axis, and the forefoot taps the pedal to drive the drumstick to hit the drum surface. When pedaling, the muscles of thighs, calves and feet relax accordingly, and the hammer should return immediately after hitting the drum surface to form a circular pedaling action. When you play hard, you can hang your feet and tap the pedal with your toes, so that all the weight of your right leg falls on one point, thus strengthening the pedaling force and achieving the expected effect.

(3) Step on the hairpin: Step on the hairpin and hit with your left foot. Its main point of play is to step on the ground with the heel at the back end of the pedal, take the ankle joint as the axis, and hit the pedal with the forefoot. When the forefoot strikes, it is not necessary to return immediately, but to control the sustained sound to produce a closed sound effect, which is also different from the right foot drum.

(4) Drumming method: The key points of drumming method are the same as those of snare drum. When changing drums, you need to use your wrist to drive the forearm and the forearm to move naturally to other drums to form a natural and coordinated action.

It affects the inertia between the hand and the stick.

The two most important concepts are the control and waving of the drum stick.

In terms of control: there are three main ways to hold the lever.

1, straight wrist posture: the thumb, forefinger and middle finger hold the stick at one third of the drum stick, and the ring finger and little finger stick together at the back naturally, which does not affect the movement of the stick.

The palms of your hands are opposite, pay attention to the symmetrical balance of your hands, and the hitting point of the drum stick should be relatively concentrated. Timpani and trapezoidal xylophone are basically played in this way.

2. Standard style: straight wrist style with right hand, where the left hand grips about one-third of the tail end of the drum stick, and the ring finger and little finger are placed on the joint after half-gripping.

The forefinger and middle finger bend naturally.

The whole hand is half clenched. Palm inward. The thumb of the tiger's mouth holds the stick, and the ring finger and the little finger hold the stick. The two drums are about 90 degrees. Hit with the left hand with a rotating force. This wrist technique is mainly used to play snare drum Jr. and jazz drums.

3. Wrist buckle: Holding the stick is roughly the same as straight wrist, but the hands should be turned inward.

Palm down.

The two drums are concentrated on the striking point, and the two drums form an angle of about 90 degrees. This wrist technique is used in the chamber performances of xylophone, piano, jazz drum and George W. snare drum.

No matter how you control the drum stick.

They must use their arms, wrists and fingers flexibly, especially their wrists and fingers, so that their hands can be integrated with the drum stick and the drum stick can move naturally.

Simple.

Related links: jazz drum grading course of China Conservatory of Music (lecture by Lu Xun)

In the training of drummers, the following seven things must be very solid, and then they can make steady progress in constant practice, and there is no need to supplement the east and the west.

1. Visible spectra and symbols:

It's like if you want to communicate with people, you should know both "language" and "writing". It's quite inconvenient without them. For jazz drums.

Language is like drumming.

Words are equivalent to music.

2. metronome practice:

Any music needs a steady beat.

There is no difference between fast and slow music. Large orchestras (such as symphony orchestras) use conductors to bring the whole group a consistent beat, while in small orchestras, the conductor of the beat is a drummer.

So the drummer's beat should be as accurate as a machine, so all drummers need metronomes to cooperate with the practice of playing anything. Only by practicing like this for a long time can people become as accurate as machines.

3. Dismantle:

Before the modern jazz drum set was formed, everyone was responsible for playing one or several drums (for example, a military band had a small drum batter and a big drum batter).

Therefore, to play a whole set of jazz drums today means that a person's four hands and feet should do different things separately, so that the hearing of many percussion players can be combined or simulated together. The mode of doing different things separately with four limbs is called: four-way drumming (that is, the limbs are separated from each other). The simplest disassembly is what we commonly call rhythm, so drummers should practice various rhythms diligently, so as to disassemble limbs better and better, and then understand the playing types of various music, and finally achieve.

The real purpose of four-way drumming.

4.( 1) posture, (2) manipulation, (3) footwork, (4) displacement:

(1) posture:

Just like any athlete, the correct posture is necessary.

(2) Technology:

Starting from the small drum, the academic school has 26 basic American techniques. (A standard introduction to American 26 drums) He uses almost a single drum to make use of the arrangement and change of his hands, which is quite diverse and complicated. So, if we use so many changes on the jazz drum alone, it goes without saying that we can cope.

Points in the song.

Solo on the drum is also completely handy.

(3) the foot method:

The birth of double drums makes the playing skills of feet advance by leaps and bounds, so the feet do what the hands do, and the reason is the same as (2).

The field of four-way drumming has been expanded, so drummers must practice hard, and besides technique, their footwork should be solid.

(4) Shift:

In order to make the four-way drumming more thorough.

Move your hand to each drum or cymbal, and the mixed mobile concert will be more diverse. Gear shifting practice is accurate.

What we commonly call "filling" is of course more exquisite.

5. Listen to more music:

Any musical instrument is ultimately music, so whether you play solo or with an orchestra, you can learn more about the musical style and style.

The mastery of songs, improvisation and even creation will be of great help. And if you can understand instruments other than drums, it will improve your ability to arrange music.

6. Join the orchestra:

In addition to the fun of musical instruments, there is also the fun of "combining" with other musical instruments and singers. A person who has never been in a band can basically be regarded as a person who plays an instrument, but he will never be a person who plays music, so try to participate whenever possible.

The experience of "combination" is by no means provided by the experience of simply playing musical instruments.

7. Reading magazines and touch devices:

Sharp tools make good work.

Learning anything requires information. Foreign jazz drum magazines such as Modern Delmer. Or the websites of drum-related products, you must always look at them.

Now is the information age. Information can tell you new exercises and new equipment. Any time you don't "learn" in your study, it means that you will make slow progress.

Moreover, equipment costs money. If you have a chance to see different equipment, try it quickly.

On the one hand, it can help you understand the differences between major products, and it can also save you the trouble of spending money. After a long trial, you can find out the product that suits you best. And good products will definitely help you perform better.

The bass score table of staff is used to record drum sets.

That is, the F spectrum table, the bass drum is in the first room.

The tambourine is in the third room, the eardrum I is in the fourth room, the eardrum II is in the fourth row, and the drum is in the second room. Don't write one above and one below. Drum set has no fixed pitch, which is generally determined by the player according to the needs of music.