What are the types of sexual orientation?

The classification of sexual orientation includes heterosexuality, homosexuality, bisexuality and asexuality.

Individuals who are sexually attracted or infatuated with objects of a specific sex, such as the opposite sex, the same sex or both sexes, are called heterosexuality, homosexuality or bisexuality respectively. In the animal kingdom and human beings, most individuals are sexually attracted to the opposite sex, which is consistent with their biological instinct to reproduce.

However, in the process of animal evolution, especially in humans, some individuals have separated sexual orientation from reproductive instinct, and the reason for this phenomenon is still unclear. In the process of individual psychological development, it is often accompanied by homosexual tendencies, but most homosexuals have no gender roles and gender identity obstacles.

Psychoanalytic theory holds that the unresolved Oedipus or Oedipus complex is an important factor to determine the "sexual" orientation. They assume that boys who are too close to their mothers and alienated or hostile to their fathers will be afraid of their heterosexual impulses, thus prompting their sexual orientation to turn to the same sex.

According to the theory of sex learning, children's early homosexual experiences or fantasies are not suppressed, but strengthened through sexual behavior and masturbation, which promotes the same-sex sexual orientation. Genetic research has failed to find a gene marker with decisive orientation, and there is no evidence that the changes of maternal androgen and estrogen levels during pregnancy play a decisive role in the sexual orientation of the fetus after birth.

Social and cultural environment has a very significant impact on the attitude towards sexual orientation. For example, in a gender-free society, people hold a positive attitude towards same-sex sexual orientation, while in a more conservative society, people hold a negative attitude towards exclusion.

Extended data

For many years, many scientists and religious groups believed that natural and normal sexual orientation was the only one pointing to the opposite sex (heterosexuality). In the 1950s and later studies, psychologists and doctors realized that homosexuality was the only second sexual orientation that pointed to the same sex. Later, I began to accept the view that there is no unique sexual orientation, such as bisexuality.

Sigmund freud's famous description of human nature is "polymorphic injustice", which means that, or in fact, any object can be the source of sexual satisfaction or indifferent to sexual satisfaction like a baby.

Freud believes that when babies grow up, the objects of sexual satisfaction begin to become clear and limited (whether this is a biological change or a social process is still controversial). Anthropologists have observed that many people in the world, including those who grew up in the same culture, may also have different orientation objects.

However, many scholars believe that in any given society, the desirable objects are usually controlled and restricted. In addition, some cultural traditions (especially religions) believe that people should have only one type of desire object.

According to two controversial studies in Alfred Kinsey, when men's sexual behavior (1948) and women's sexual behavior (1953) were asked about their scores of continuous spectrum from absolute heterosexuality to absolute homosexuality and a comprehensive analysis of their behaviors, it was shown that most people were bisexual to some extent.

According to Kinsey's report, a few people (5%- 10%) can be considered completely gay and straight. On the contrary, only a few people can be considered completely bisexual.

Many modern scientific studies have found that many people usually report heterosexual tendencies. However, according to different methods and selection criteria, the report on the proportion of homosexuality in the population will be different. Many such statistics show that in the United States, the proportion of gay men is 2.8-9%, and the proportion of lesbians is 1-5%, which can be as high as 12% in some big cities, but it may be only 1% in some rural areas.

Almost all studies have found that the proportion of gay men is about twice that of lesbians. According to different problems, estimates of the proportion of bisexuality in the population vary greatly. Some studies believe that as long as a person is almost equally attractive to both sexes, he is bisexual; Others think that bisexuality is completely attracted by the same sex (otherwise it is considered heterosexual) and the opposite sex (otherwise it is homosexual).

Few people are neither attracted to the same sex nor attracted to the opposite sex.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Sexual Orientation Analysis

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