Write a composition with authentic folk customs and gongs and drums.

1. What are the customs of the authentic Gelao people? Gelao folk literature includes poems, stories and proverbs. Poetry is mostly easy to sing, which is divided into three words, five words and seven words.

The instruments of the Gelao nationality include erhu, flute, suona, gongs and drums. The "Eight Immortals" music played by the Gelao nationality is full of national characteristics. Eight people played erhu and flute together with other musical instruments, and the timbre was very harmonious and pleasant. Suona is an indispensable musical instrument for Gelao festivals. There are more than ten kinds of tunes, such as the old gray tune, the mountain tune, the river tune, the street tune and the wedding tune. The gongs and drums are loud and the atmosphere is more enthusiastic.

The Gelao people who live in the mountains are also famous for their skilled masons. They are unique in stone tombs, stone tablets, memorial archways, bridges, railings and other items and stone carvings on buildings. Their rough and bold masonry trumpets can often be heard in quarries.

Worship bamboo

It is accurate for the Gelao people to call bamboo "Gelao", and "Gelao" people mean bamboo. It is not strange to use bamboo as a name, but using bamboo as a country name will definitely give people who hear this free translation for the first time a sense of freshness. Even a very old nation is very novel, just like seeing bamboo shoots unearthed in winter. People in China have endowed bamboo with many virtues, such as cold resistance, integrity, modesty, tenacity and wide use. Therefore, using bamboo as a national proposition is actually very elegant and connotative. About the custom of the Gelao people worshiping bamboo, as early as 1600 years ago, Huayang Guozhi? Nan Zhong Zhi and Han Shu were written more than 500 years ago at/kloc-0? Biography of Southwest Yi recorded such a legend: Yelang, a woman washed in the water (now by Beipanjiang River in western Guizhou) earlier, and a three-section bamboo tube floated between her feet and refused to float away. I heard a child crying in the subway. When I cut the bamboo tube, I saw a baby boy, who was brought back to be raised. Only with talent can we stand on our own feet and take Zhu as our surname. Where the broken bamboo tube was abandoned, lush bamboo forests grew, and later generations built the Bamboo King Temple for worship. The legend of the bamboo king and the custom of worshipping bamboo are still widely spread among the Gelao people all over the country. When the Gelao people in Meijiazhai of Daozhen Gelao and Miao Autonomous County give birth to their first boy, their parents should bury their placenta and some eggshells under the bamboo forest and pray for the blessing of the bamboo king. During the Spring Festival, every family will go to the bamboo forest to give money to bamboo Wang Xian. There are many places where rice is packed in bamboo tubes for ancestor worship or harvest. Some scholars believe that the respect for bamboo stems from bamboo totem worship, which in turn stems from the important significance and practical value of bamboo to the life of the ancestors of the Gelao people.

Feed the trees on New Year's Day

Gelao people have two festivals in a year, one is the Spring Festival, and the other is the year of Gelao people, which falls on the third day of the third lunar month. The time and customs of the Spring Festival are roughly the same as those of the Han nationality, but there is a special content of "feeding trees". "Feeding trees", also known as "offering sacrifices to trees" or "worshipping trees", originated from the worship of animistic ancient trees (big trees) by the Gelao people. At noon on the 14th day of the first lunar month, the Gelao people in Longlin Autonomous County of Guangxi prepared rice wine, pork, fresh fish, glutinous rice and other offerings, brought red paper firecrackers and went up the mountain to worship trees as relatives and friends. After seeing the tree, set off firecrackers first, and then choose the tall and stout old tree to burn paper and incense and bow down. After the worship, sacrifice to the tree: one person cuts three holes in the bark with a knife, the other person "feeds" some meat, rice and wine at the knife edge, and finally seals the knife edge with red paper to weed and cultivate the soil for the tree. Answer different words for different trees when feeding. For fruit trees, say, "hey, string;" Feed you meat, take off the knot, "and say I wish you fruitful results. After feeding the tree, people gathered to enjoy a feast. In some areas, on the fifteenth day of the eighth lunar month, people will hold ox hearts and new rice to worship the sacred tree "Bodhisattva Tree" next to the village, praying for a bumper year.

Every year, the second day of the sixth lunar month is the "Insect-eating Festival" of the Gelao people. On this day, there are several special dishes on every table-fried locusts, pickled grasshoppers, sweet fried pupae, fried rice loach and so on.

In some areas, "offering sacrifices to trees" is called "offering sacrifices to mountains", because the Gelao people have lived in mountainous areas for generations, and their love and respect for mountains is completely understandable. The specific object of "mountain sacrifice" is also a tall and lush ancient tree near the village, which is the embodiment of tenacious vitality. Sacrifice takes the village as the unit, and only adult men can participate. In addition to offering sacrifices, the wizard also sings "Song of Sacrifice to the Mountain", asking the mountain gods to bless the village for peace, abundant crops and prosperous people and animals.

[Edit this paragraph] National marriage

Three or five days before the wedding, the Gelao girls began to "cry and marry". When getting married, the groom does not greet her personally, but sends a sedan chair to the woman's house before dark the day before the wedding. Before entering the door, the woman has a special person to preside over the "door-stopping ceremony", but also to propose a toast, lay a carpet, wait for you, and so on. Every program has a traditional greeting and must be sung according to the rules, otherwise she will be laughed at. When a girl gets married, she carries the sedan chair into the hall first, and the bride's brother or uncle "pulls" the bride out of the back room, kowtows to her ancestors' parents, and then "forcibly carries" her into the sedan chair to show that she doesn't want to go home. The bride's family carried the sedan chair out of the village before giving it to the man's sedan chair bearer. There are two men with broadswords in front of the sedan chair, surrounded by colorful flags and blue umbrellas. On the way, they blew their horns and fired guns, blowing and beating, and it was very lively. After arriving at the groom's house, the bride should dress up again, and then go to the spacious place in the village to let everyone laugh and establish friendly feelings with the villagers.

Weddings are more interesting in the Gelao nationality in northwest Guizhou. The groom rode his horse to the wedding reception, accompanied by four groomsmen, two of whom were holding bamboo brooms and the other two were holding wine and meat gifts. On the way, several strong men sent by the woman stopped the way to "rob" and ate the "robbed" wine and meat on the hillside, indicating that the woman's family was rich and didn't want this gift from you. When the groom arrived at the gate of the woman's village, a group of people surrounded him with sawdust, and the man held a bamboo broom to protect the breakthrough. When the groom ran into the woman's house, there was a "toast" immediately, and the bride and groom also toasted each other. After the toast, the groom "hugs" the bride on horseback, and the groom leads the way back.

2. Write a composition about Miao customs.

Miao people have their own traditional festivals, such as Miao Year, Drum Festival and Lusheng Festival. But the year of Miao is the most grand and rich. The time to celebrate the Year of Miao varies from place to place. The Miao year in Rongshui, Sanjiang and Longsheng areas is generally on the first day of November in the lunar calendar. The Year of Miao is grand and warm. Besides ancestor worship and feasting, various activities will be held. When the new year comes, the whole family will keep the old age. After eating a "land-crossing meal" (a reunion dinner between Miao people and their ancestors in the underworld), people will carry out various activities to celebrate the New Year. Offering sacrifices to Longtan, Tian Shen and blowing sheng for dancing is the most grand scene in the Year of Miao. Praying for a bumper harvest is a major theme of Miao Year activities. During the Chinese New Year, Miao people have all kinds of food, such as rice, glutinous rice, meat (sour meat) and fish (sour fish), and there is a special food called "Chili bone", which is fragrant and spicy, which can stimulate appetite, keep out the wind and cold, and prevent colds. It is a standing food for Miao people and a good treat for guests.

——————————————————————

②

I don't know how much you know about the Miao people, and you don't know much about ethnic minorities, but I recently learned about the customs of the Miao people in books, among which I think the Huashan Festival of the Miao people is very interesting.

From the second day to the seventh day of the first lunar month, it is the annual "Walking Huashan" festival for Miao people in Pingbian, Mengzi and Hekou, Yunnan. At this time, the Miao people in one village came from the open space between several Miao villages in all directions. "Flower pole" is an important symbol of stepping on Huashan Festival. Generally, tall pine or cypress trees are selected and tied with flowers and colorful flags. The people in Dinghua Village (also called Flower Head) are recognized as "good people". On the first morning of the festival, men must erect their style before the sun rises.

On the day of "Walking on the Flower Mountain", the person in charge of the Flower Festival first toasted and wished the participants, and then announced the start of the "Walking on the Flower Mountain" Festival. At this time, gongs and drums were loud inside and outside Huashan Stadium, firecrackers were ringing, bronze guns were ringing one after another, flowers and colorful flags were flying in the wind, and various celebrations began one after another. Some young men and women are singing folk songs, some are dancing with three steps and pedals, some are dancing with lions, and some are fighting bullfights. The whole Huashan field was jubilant.

Miao people in northeastern Yunnan and southern Yunnan celebrate the "Huashan Festival" on June 6 of the lunar calendar every year. Legend has it that in ancient times, the Miao people were defeated and exiled in a foreign land, and they wept when they remembered the sufferings of their ancestors who fled east and scattered west. One year on the sixth day of June, our ancestors appeared and advised them not to be too sad. They should play lusheng and sing and dance for us at the top of the mountain. After that, a flower fell from the sky and hung on a tree. Everyone sang and danced around the trees and blew reeds. The crops grew very well this year. From then on, every year on June 6th, the Miao family put on their holiday costumes, planted a flower tree on the mountain, and held activities such as Lusheng dance, bullfighting, lion dance and flower pole climbing. Among them, the most striking thing is the flower climbing pole. Whoever climbs high will be given a pig's head and a good wine prize This is the Huashan Festival of Miao nationality, isn't it very lively?

3. The customs and habits of Miao people mainly live in the southeast of Guizhou Province, Damiao Mountain in Guangxi, Hainan Island and the border areas of Guizhou, Hunan, Hubei, Sichuan, Yunnan, Guangxi and other provinces. In China's ancient books, there are records of Miao ancestors as early as 5,000 years ago, that is, clans and tribes from the Yellow River valley to the south of the middle reaches of the Yangtze River, which are called "Nan Man". Miao people have migrated many times in history, and the general route is from the Yellow River valley to Hunan, Guizhou and Yunnan.

Miao nationality has its own language, belonging to the Miao branch of Miao Yao language family of Sino-Tibetan language family. Originally, there were no national characters, but Latin pinyin characters were created in the late 1950s. Nowadays, most people use Chinese.

Miao people used to believe in animism, worship nature and worship their ancestors. Drum Festival is the biggest ritual activity of Miao people. Generally, a small sacrifice lasts for seven years and a big sacrifice lasts for thirteen years. It is held on the second day of October to November in the lunar calendar. At that time, a roe deer will be killed and a Lusheng dance will be performed to commemorate the ancestors. Invite friends and relatives to get together during meals to enhance feelings and family harmony. Miao people have a long history of music and dance, and Lusheng dance, which is deeply loved by the masses, is highly skilled. Miao people's arts and crafts, such as flower picking, embroidery, brocade, batik and jewelry making, are colorful and enjoy a high reputation in the world. Miao people have many festivals, such as Miao Year, April 8th, Dragon Boat Festival.

In most areas, Miao people have three meals a day, and rice is the staple food. Fried Baba is the most common fried food. If you add some fresh meat and sauerkraut as stuffing, the taste will be more delicious.

Most meat comes from livestock and poultry. Miao people in Sichuan and Yunnan all like to eat dog meat, and there is a saying that "Miao's dog is Yi's wine". In addition to animal oil, Miao people's edible oils are mostly tea oil and vegetable oil.

Miao people attach great importance to etiquette. When guests visit, they will kill chickens and ducks to entertain guests. If you are a distinguished guest from afar, the Miao people are used to inviting guests to drink croissant first. When eating chicken, the head of the chicken should be given to the older guests, and the drumsticks should be given to the youngest guests. In some places, there is also the custom of dividing chicken hearts, that is, the oldest owner in the family gives chicken hearts or duck hearts to the guests with chopsticks, and the guests can't eat them themselves, so they must divide the chicken hearts equally among the old people present. If the guest drinks less and doesn't like fat meat, it can explain the situation. If the host is not reluctant, but dissatisfied with eating and drinking, it is considered to look down on the host. Miao people pay attention to truth and sincerity, and are very enthusiastic. Most of them avoid glitz and hypocrisy. Host Lu Yu guests don't take the first step, don't walk in front; Use honorifics in conversation; Welcome guests to wear holiday clothes; For distinguished guests, wine is welcome outside the village; When the guest arrives at the door, the host will call the door and inform the hostess at home that she will sing and open the door to welcome the guests; In front of the guests, the hostess does not climb the stairs. Miao taboo

Maternity taboo: pregnant women give birth and avoid outsiders. People who go wrong should wash their feet and drink a bowl of cold water to prevent maternal milk from being "trampled dry". Maternal avoid eating old beef, pork, pheasant, small fish, vegetables, peppers and so on. In some Miao areas, it is forbidden for pregnant women to meet pregnant women or go to other delivery rooms, otherwise the delivery period will be prolonged.

Farming taboo: Miao people send manure back to the fields for the first time every year, and it is forbidden to meet outsiders. If they meet, they are forbidden to say hello. When planting seedlings, if you see fish in the Miao Di, don't say fish, or the fish will eat the roots of the seedlings. When some villages harvest millet, the ears are small and they are not harvested. If the children ask, don't say "no", say "they haven't grown up yet", otherwise Xiaomi will refuse to grow any longer because of his sadness. Don't mention mice in Tanaka, for fear of hearing them destroy crops, you can only call them "their father and son" instead. Avoid May Day. After the first month in beginning of spring, avoid breaking ground and carrying water on May Day.

Funeral taboo: In some Miao areas, male death is forbidden during the day and female death is forbidden at night. Think that the time is wrong, the deceased must be accompanied by another opposite sex. Therefore, he was unwell when he died. When he lost his family, he often asked the wizard to say "change" and make a palm-sized wooden coffin to be buried with him, indicating that he had a companion. Avoid putting non-silver metals such as iron and copper, cotton and things coated with tung oil in the coffin, thinking that the deceased can't buy water to drink on the way back to the East, and iron and copper will toss talents to death. In some Miao areas, on the Day of the Dead in the village, you can go to work, but don't go to work in the fields. On that day, people in the same village should avoid collecting firewood and go home, otherwise the firewood collectors will have disaster. During the suspension of classes, family members are forbidden to eat vegetables. After burial 1 month, nothing in the house may be sold or borrowed.

Taboo of living customs: In some Miao areas, it is forbidden to wash and drink rice retort, rice bag and rice basin at any time, only when eating new rice, to show that the old rice is removed and the new rice is welcomed. Washing at any time will wash away the family wealth and there is not enough food. Drinking raw water in the mountains should not be directly drunk. You must mark the grass first to show that you are killing sick ghosts. Don't touch other people's clothes on the roadside, so as not to catch leprosy. Avoid children playing with small bows and arrows at home for fear of shooting their ancestors. Avoid crossing the child's head, or the child will not grow tall. It is forbidden for women to sit on a bench with their elders.

Guests should not call the host "Miao Zi"; They prefer to call themselves "Meng". It is forbidden to kill and beat dogs and not to eat dog meat; You can't sit in the Miao ancestral hall, and you can't step on the tripod on the kang with your feet; Do not whistle at home or at night; Can't shoot ash and eat chaff baked by fire; No bound Miao people are allowed to be used when frolicking; Don't enter the house when straw hats, branches or wedding and funeral ceremonies are hung on the door; Lu Yu is newly married, so don't wait in the middle.

Glutinous rice is also an essential food for young men and women to fall in love and get married. Miao people in Chengbu, Hunan Province gave each other glutinous rice cakes painted with mandarin ducks as souvenirs. When the wedding is held, the bride and groom should make a toast, and the person in charge of the wedding also invites the bride and groom to eat glutinous rice cakes painted with dragons, phoenixes and dolls.

4. The folk composition of Taiping Drum

Blue sky, white clouds and loess, plateau men banging on peace, lightning and thunder ringing in Wan Li, and the five continents rising at their feet.

This poem makes people seem to hear the earth-shattering drums of Lanzhou Taiping Drum, see the cheerful and vigorous posture of drum musicians and feel the unstoppable momentum. Lanzhou Taiping Drum has distinctive regional characteristics and a long history. According to legend, Zhu Yuanzhang, the Ming emperor, unified the world and proclaimed himself emperor. Only the generals of the Yuan Dynasty expanded Auricularia auricula to fight in Lanzhou. Zhu Yuanzhang was very angry. In the 11th year of Hongwu, General Xu Da was sent to crusade against the expanded iron fungus. But Lanzhou City is too dangerous to attack for a long time. At that time, a counselor made a suggestion: "It is the Spring Festival, and people in the northwest love to play with fire and socialize. Why not let a soldier dress up as a common people and some social people who play with fire, integrate into the city, and cooperate with the outside world to win Lanzhou City? " Xu Da followed suit, changing the tail drum into a long drum and hiding it in the knife drum. On the Lantern Festival, he pretended to be a soldier with a long drum on his back, playing while walking and sneaking into the city. Early the next morning, Xu Da ordered the siege. At that time, drums and horns rang, ShaSheng deafening, iron fungus just on the tower. Suddenly, a cannon shot, the city gate opened wide and the city fell. Zhu Yuanzhang unified China, thinking that Duangu made great contributions and made the world peaceful, so he named it "Taiping Drum". In recent years, Lanzhou Taiping Drum has been invited to participate in many large-scale celebrations such as the Asian Games, welcoming the return of Hong Kong and celebrating the 50th anniversary of the founding of the People's Republic of China, and won the reputation of "the first drum in the world".

Taohuahui

Peach Blossom Festival is held in Taoyuan, Anning District every April when the peach blossoms are in full bloom. This activity started from 1984, when Lanzhou people held the first Peach Blossom Festival, which was held every year. In addition to flower viewing, visitors can also visit various cultural activities, calligraphy and painting exhibitions, economic and trade negotiations, etc.

Taoyuan in Anning District starts from Liu Jiabao in the east and ends at Shajingyi in the west, with a total length of15km and an area of more than 8,000 mu. There are more than 300,000 peach trees with 184 varieties, among which Chishui Peach, Zitao Peach, Jinghong Peach, Zaoxiang Yu Tao Peach, Pink Peach, Semi-arid Peach, Laitao Peach and June Peach are the most famous varieties. Peach trees are native to the northwest of China and have a history of more than 3,000 years. ("Miscellanies of Xijing") contains: "When Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty first built the grove, the minister presented fresh fruits, including fine walnuts, purple peaches and Jincheng peaches"; . Jincheng peach is a late peach produced in Anning Taoyuan, indicating that Lanzhou has a history of producing fresh peaches for at least 2000 years. During the Ming and Qing Dynasties, burnt peaches in Lanzhou were listed as tributes. Lanzhou fresh peach has gorgeous fruit, tender meat, sweet and juicy taste, and is rich in fat, protein, fruit acid and various minerals and vitamins. It is the top grade of peach, which can prolong life if eaten for a long time.

As early as the Qing Dynasty, Lanzhou Anning Peach Blossom Garden had been visited. At that time, most of the flower lovers were talented people, beautiful women and dignitaries. During the Qianlong period of the Qing Dynasty, Jiang Defu, who was stranded in Lanzhou, once praised: "I remember Lanzhou vividly, and I was full of praise during the spring fruit. The lights in three cities are numerous, and the dispersion in one city. The green trees urge the song board, and the incense dust chases the brocade car. Qingqing Cao Fang Road is covered with wine curtains. " In the Ming Dynasty, with the increase of residents and the improvement of traffic in this area, peaceful peach blossoms were appreciated by all. Li Shaoling said in his poem, "There are many flowers in front of the mountain and behind it, and Chinese and foreign people in the garden are like jade. Every household is busy with flowers, but people are not satisfied with their faces. " Every flowering period, peach blossoms are gorgeous, just like red clouds scattered all over the sky, and the scenery is beautiful.

Spring Festival Shehuo

During the Spring Festival, the social fire performance on the streets of Lanzhou is unique. Generally speaking, from the tenth day of the first lunar month, farmers' social fire teams organized by various districts and counties gather in the city center, arranged in different formations in turn, dancing along the street, beating gongs and drums, and being lively and spectacular. When we go to Dongfanghong Square, we usually form characters and perform for tourists and citizens. The social fire performance can last until around the Lantern Festival.

The performances of Lanzhou Shehuo Team are colorful, and the most striking one is the stilts team. Dressed in costumes, armed with knives and guns, they dressed up as dramatic figures, stepped on wooden stilts more than four feet high and danced with gongs and drums. Iron core is also ingenious, in order to win skillfully. They dressed the children with fine eyes and light posture as dramatic characters, forming a tenfold drama. The children were tied to the iron core and moved slowly with the carrying vehicles. The most spectacular is the Taiping Drum Team. Drummers beat drums and danced rhythmically with the order of presidential flags. The drums were inspiring. Lion dance is mainly to see the clean fists and feet of the samurai when they tease the lion with hydrangea. Lanzhou also has dry boats, unicycles and bamboo horses for the New Year. Big-headed Lohan Opera, Liu Cui and other programs. Teams are often led by the "wind wife", which is the image of "aunt wind" corresponding to "teacher rain" In mythology, it is the god who promotes wind and rain. Its appearance is similar to colorful Dan, which is extremely ugly. Red pepper is hung on the earlobe, with a hand fan, and a diamond-shaped gypsum flag with the words "good weather" is held in one hand, twisting around with exaggerated and funny large-scale movements. It is hilarious, showing people's mood and desire to pray for good weather and good harvests.

Combine it

5. Write a composition about Miao customs ① Miao folk customs Miao people have their own traditional festivals, such as Miao Year, Drum Festival and Lusheng Festival. But the year of Miao is the most grand and rich.

The time to celebrate the Year of Miao varies from place to place. The Miao year in Rongshui, Sanjiang and Longsheng areas is generally on the first day of November in the lunar calendar.

The Year of Miao is grand and warm. Besides ancestor worship and feasting, various activities will be held. When the new year comes, the whole family will keep the old age.

After eating a "land-crossing meal" (a reunion dinner between Miao people and their ancestors in the underworld), people will carry out various activities to celebrate the New Year. Offering sacrifices to Longtan, Tian Shen and blowing sheng for dancing is the most grand scene in the Year of Miao.

Praying for a bumper harvest is a major theme of Miao Year activities. During the Chinese New Year, Miao people have all kinds of food, such as rice, glutinous rice, meat (sour meat) and fish (sour fish), and there is a special food called "Chili bone", which is fragrant and spicy, which can stimulate appetite, keep out the wind and cold, and prevent colds. It is a standing food for Miao people and a good treat for guests.

(2) I don't know how much you know about the Miao nationality and don't know much about ethnic minorities, but I recently learned about the customs of the Miao nationality in books, among which I think the Huashan Festival of the Miao nationality is very interesting. From the second day to the seventh day of the first lunar month, it is the annual "Walking Huashan" festival for Miao people in Pingbian, Mengzi and Hekou, Yunnan.

At this time, the Miao people in one village came from the open space between several Miao villages in all directions. "Flower pole" is an important symbol of stepping on Huashan Festival. Generally, tall pine or cypress trees are selected and tied with flowers and colorful flags.

The people in Dinghua Village (also called Flower Head) are recognized as "good people". On the first morning of the festival, men must erect their style before the sun rises.

On the day of "Walking on the Flower Mountain", the person in charge of the Flower Festival first toasted and wished the participants, and then announced the start of the "Walking on the Flower Mountain" Festival. At this time, gongs and drums were loud inside and outside Huashan Stadium, firecrackers were ringing, bronze guns were ringing one after another, flowers and colorful flags were flying in the wind, and various celebrations began one after another.

Some young men and women are singing folk songs, some are dancing with three steps and pedals, some are dancing with lions, and some are fighting bullfights. The whole Huashan field was jubilant. Miao people in northeastern Yunnan and southern Yunnan celebrate the "Huashan Festival" on June 6 of the lunar calendar every year.

Legend has it that in ancient times, the Miao people were defeated and exiled in a foreign land, and they wept when they remembered the sufferings of their ancestors who fled east and scattered west. One year on the sixth day of June, our ancestors appeared and advised them not to be too sad. They should play lusheng and sing and dance for us at the top of the mountain.

After that, a flower fell from the sky and hung on a tree. Everyone sang and danced around the trees and blew reeds. The crops grew very well this year.

From then on, every year on June 6th, the Miao family put on their holiday costumes, planted a flower tree on the mountain, and held activities such as Lusheng dance, bullfighting, lion dance and flower pole climbing. Among them, the most striking thing is the flower climbing pole. Whoever climbs high will be given a pig's head and a good wine prize

This is the Huashan Festival of Miao nationality, isn't it very lively? .

6. Fuzhou Tea Pavilion is in urgent need of folk customs.

There are different opinions about the origin of the name "Fan Shi". Some people think that this kind of music is called "Fan Shi" because it is played repeatedly with ten musical instruments, such as flute, bagpipes, flutes, violins, cymbals, wooden fish, sandalwood and drums. Some people think that "Fan" and "Huan" in Fuzhou dialect are homophones, and "Fan" evolved from "Huan".

Fuzhou Fan Shi Music is a famous folk musical instrument, which evolved from Fuzhou folk dragon dance. At first, it was only percussion music accompanied by dragon lantern dance, and the musical instruments included wolf shed, clear drum, gong, cymbals and so on. Later, flute, pipe, sheng, coconut tree and other silk and bamboo instruments were gradually added. Fan Shi's tunes can be divided into four categories: 1, Qupai, which is popular in local folk music; 2. Minor, which is a gradually instrumental folk minor; 3, wow card, local popular suona music 4, percussion, only percussion instruments can play "crisp gongs and drums."

There are two forms of performance: indoor and outdoor. The outdoor performance is singing while walking. The indoor band is the front hall and the back hall. The front hall is mainly made of gold skin, and the back hall is mainly made of silk and bamboo. Fujian opera, commonly known as Fuzhou opera, is popular in Fuzhou dialect area and Ningde, Jianyang and Sanming areas.

Fujian opera is a Confucian drama in the late Ming Dynasty, a Jianghu drama and a critical drama in the middle Qing Dynasty, which are three different artistic styles. They infiltrated and merged with each other, absorbed Huizhou Opera and Kunqu Opera, and formed a comprehensive multi-voice opera with Confucius Opera as the main body. The performance of Fujian opera is strong and rough, such as three chases, flat mouth to suppress face, shaking hands and legs, and playing with beard.

But there are also some students who are meticulous and elegant. Festivals Apart from traditional festivals such as Spring Festival, Dragon Boat Festival and Mid-Autumn Festival, there are many unique festivals in Fuzhou.

On the 29th day of the first lunar month, Fuzhou will celebrate "Aojiu Festival" (also known as "Houjiu Festival", "Filial Piety Festival" and "Sending the Poor Festival"). )。

Early this morning, every household cooked glutinous rice and brown sugar, together with peanuts, red dates, longan, red beans, walnuts and sesame seeds, into "Oujiu porridge", which was used to worship ancestors and give gifts to villagers. The married daughter should send a bowl of "nine-year-old porridge" back to her family to honor her parents. There is a saying in Fuzhou that "every nine days must be poor". It is believed that if a person's age is nine or a multiple of nine, he should be as poor as possible.

Birthday Funeral Fujian attaches importance to celebrating the birthday of its elders. Fuzhou tradition is that men celebrate nine and women celebrate ten.

For example, a man's 60th birthday must be held in the year of 59, because "nine" and "long" are homophonic and symbolize longevity. In addition, the day before your birthday, you must make a "mosaic" first.

That is, on the day before the birthday, all the birthday candles sent by the younger generation are lit in front of the ancestral memorial, and three paper flowers are inserted in three bowls of birthday noodles. The younger generation at home bows to the birthday person, and then sits down to drink and enjoy music. If the younger generation has money, they can ask Confucianism and Taoism to set up a hall to recite scriptures and ask Beidou to live forever. This is called "fighting".

Funeral customs in Fuzhou are very complicated and extravagant. When the deceased is dying, relatives must remove the mosquito net from his bed, which is said to make the soul of the deceased out of the body; After the death of the deceased, it is necessary to change clothes for the deceased and "paste a white gun" at the gate.

Then, send people everywhere to report the funeral, and then prepare a big foot bucket filled with soil and sand. After the candle was lit, it was inserted into the bucket and placed on the ground in front of the bed of the deceased, as if the deceased was going to the yellow road for lighting. The face of the deceased needs to be covered with white paper to show the difference between yin and yang.

Fujian people generally worship trees and rocks. All older trees are considered as sacred trees with aura.

Such as Maple God, Banyan God, Zhang Shen, Songgong, etc. Among them, the banyan tree is considered to be the embodiment of auspicious gods.

No matter in town or country, people will burn incense and pray under the famous ancient banyan tree shaded by the sun. Life taboos in Fuzhou are everywhere.

When the host invites you to dinner, the meal is often as high as a mountain. Guests can say that they can't eat that much, so put the rice into the host's rice bowl, but don't hesitate to put chopsticks in the rice bowl. This is extremely unlucky. Because Fuzhou was offering sacrifices to the coffin head of the mourning hall, there was a bowl full of "funeral food" with a pair of chopsticks.

When going to a wedding reception, the dishes should not overlap, otherwise it is bigamy. Speaking is taboo. "Want a bowl of rice" should be called "Come to a bowl of rice" to avoid begging.

Diet and tea drinking Among the eight cuisines in Beijing, Shandong, Fujian, Guangdong, Jiangsu, Anhui, Sichuan and Hunan, Fujian cuisine is unique. Fuzhou cuisine is the main representative of Fujian cuisine with unique flavor.

The ingredients and seasonings of Fuzhou cuisine are mainly local materials. The operation pays attention to cutting and cooking, and the color, fragrance, taste and shape are all good. In cooking, Fuzhou cuisine is good at frying, stewing, stewing, steaming and frying. Its main characteristics are: (1) making good use of sugar. Fuzhou people like to use sugar to flavor, which is sweet and sour, which is different from Sichuan cuisine and Hunan cuisine.

Sugar can remove fishy smell, and acetic acid is refreshing, which is suitable for the hot climate in Fuzhou. Just keep the original flavor and umami flavor. (2) Commonly used bad.

Red distiller's grains are a specialty of Fujian, and there are more than ten usages in Fuzhou cuisine, such as processed distiller's grains, light distiller's grains and drunken distiller's grains. In addition, shrimp oil is also very useful in condiments.

(3) There are many soup dishes. Fuzhou cuisine is good at preserving the taste with soup, and there is a saying that "a hundred soups have a hundred flavors".

Soup is the essence of Fujian cuisine. There are more than 2,000 varieties of Fuzhou cuisine, among which "Buddha jumps over the wall" and "light-grain fried sole" are very famous overseas.

Fujian is abundant in rainfall and rich in red and yellow soil, which has favorable conditions for planting tea. Green tea, oolong tea, black tea, scented tea, white tea and pressed tea are the six major teas in China. Except for pressed tea, which is mainly consumed by ethnic minorities, the other five kinds of tea are produced in Fujian in large quantities. Almost every county produces tea, and it ranks as the five major tea-producing areas in China along with Zhejiang, Hunan, Anhui and Sichuan, among which there are many treasures, such as Tieguanyin in Anxi, Dahongpao in Wuyishan and Fuding.

Fujian tea production has a long history. In the Southern Tang Dynasty, there was a "Beiyuan Imperial Tea Garden" in northern Fujian, and the tea drinking custom was the most prosperous in China, which has become a unique tea drinking custom. Pick your own, that's all.

Don't forget to write the beginning. Just sum up a few words at last.