From what aspects are the humanistic characteristics summarized?

Humanistic features include: culture, art, aesthetics, education, philosophy, Chinese studies, history, law, politics and so on.

The humanistic characteristics of China;

First, in the traditional culture of China, man is the center of everything in the universe. Most thinkers in ancient China lacked enthusiasm for religion. What they care about is the practical problems of society and life. This is what Confucius said, "serving the people's interests and staying away from ghosts and gods" (The Analects of Confucius, Yongye) and what Zhuangzi said, "Beyond Liuhe, all saints are alike" (Zhuangzi). China's traditional culture pays great attention to people's right and wrong and longevity, but seldom pays attention to the afterlife beyond reality, thus forming the outstanding characteristics of ignoring ghosts and gods and attaching importance to personnel in traditional culture. Confucianism is a kind of moral belief, which pursues perfect personality and peaceful politics instead of worshipping immortals, rivals, gods and power. Confucius "does not talk about strangeness, strength, chaos and spirit", and advocates "knowing the destiny as much as possible" and "knowing life without knowing death". Confucianism has religious spirit without religious obsession, and its culture is inclusive without party spirit exclusion.

Second, the so-called "Tao" in traditional culture mainly refers to people's world outlook, outlook on life, political ideals and moral standards. In a word, it is the Confucian "benevolence and morality"; "Qi" refers to the system of specific things and names.

Confucius emphasized that "a gentleman is not a tool" (the Analects of Confucius is a government), which implies that personality cannot be biased to one end, but at the same time it also shows the tendency that "knowing people" overrides "governors". Confucius said, "He died in the evening when he heard the Tao" ("The Analects of Confucius"). "a gentleman seeks the Tao without seeking food ... a gentleman worries about the Tao and is not poor." (The Analects of Confucius Wei Linggong) According to Confucius, perceptual desire (seeking food) and rational pursuit (seeking Tao) are in a priority position. Once you "aim at the Tao", you can get spiritual pleasure even in adversity. So Confucius praised his student Yan Hui: "Well done! A scoop of food, a scoop of drink, in the mean lane, people can't bear to worry, and they won't change their fun when they go back. " (The Analects of Confucius Yongye).

Third, the concept of "people-oriented" that the people are the foundation of the country was first seen in "Song of the Five Sons in Shangshu": "People can be close, but not down; The people are the country and this is the country. " In other words, the people can only be close, not intimidating, because the people constitute the foundation of national politics, and only with a solid foundation can national peace be guaranteed.

An important feature of Confucius' Confucianism is that it is people-oriented, values the people and loves the people, and shows a distinct realistic tendency. The rulers are required to abide by the principles of "supporting the people and benefiting the people", "making the people righteous", "making the people timely", "making the people like a big sacrifice" and "giving help to the people". Mencius believed that benevolence and inhumanity were the symbol and foundation of the rise and fall of a country, and put forward the theory that "the people are more important than the monarch": "The people are more important than the country, followed by the country, and the monarch is lighter" (Mencius). Those who want to be politicians: "Kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss kiss.

straight