American transcendentalism?

Introduction to American Transcendentalism

American Transcendentalism, also known as "New England Transcendentalism" or "American Renaissance", is a literary and philosophical movement in America. Related to Ralph Waldo Emerson and Margaret Fuller, it claims that there is an ideal spiritual entity, which transcends experience and science and can be grasped by intuition. The leader is Ralph Waldo Emerson, an American thinker and poet.

A representative figure of transcendentalism

American Transcendentalism, also known as "New England Transcendentalism" or "American Renaissance", is a literary and philosophical movement in America. Related to Ralph Waldo Emerson and Margaret Fuller, it claims that there is an ideal spiritual entity, which transcends experience and science and can be grasped by intuition. The leader is Ralph Waldo Emerson, an American thinker and poet. American Transcendence of Ali is an important trend of thought in America. It rose in New England in 1930s and spread to other places, becoming an important ideological emancipation movement in the history of American thought. It is a literary and philosophical movement related to Ralph Waldo Emerson and Thoreau, and advocates the existence of an ideal spiritual entity, which transcends experience and science and can be grasped by intuition. Transcendentalism is the third stage of American literature and the beginning of truly influencing American literary style. Emerson is generally regarded as an advocate of transcendentalism. His essays, especially his speeches, make people feel kind, have strange voices and have strong personal feelings. His prose often overflows with unique and charming wisdom, sense of humor and the depth of literature and philosophy in dignified preaching. His words are eloquent, brilliant and unpredictable, which shows his profound literary foundation. 183 1 year, Emerson resigned from the second church in Boston and went to Europe. During this period, he met many literary celebrities at that time, such as Walter Landor, an English poet and essayist, samuel taylor coleridge, william wordsworth and Thomas Carlyle, a Scottish essayist and historian. Especially after he met Carlisle in rural Scotland, he began the lifelong friendship and correspondence between the two writers. 1837, when Emerson gave a speech about American scholars, henry david thoreau, another master of transcendentalism, had just graduated from Harvard University. For many people, Thoreau is a textbook. Through him, people can understand the world with the facts that happen in nature, so the world becomes a whole for people to read, taste and chew. He wants to live a simple life. Thoreau said: "The reason why I went into the forest was not to live cheaper or more expensive, but to do something I wanted with the least trouble." Therefore, his writing is exquisite and natural, full of a sensitive writer and a thoughtful philosopher's sincere feelings and feelings about nature. Compared with Emerson's speech and writing, Thoreau paid more attention to practice and action. In his character, the spirit of advocating life and nature, freedom and independence is intrinsically related to the brave, heroic, rough and wild pioneer spirit in American development, especially in western development. From the historical data, people can't know whether Thoreau personally listened to Emerson's speech, but Thoreau has been practicing Emerson's call in The American Scholar all his life: paying more attention to American native land and pursuing American native originality. As an ideological movement integrating European and American thoughts, it has produced a series of classic works, such as Nature and American Scholars. /kloc-The United States in the 0/9th century was regarded by some historians as a period of the birth and growth of unique American culture, and it was a period when American spirit and culture broke away from the mother of the European continent and became truly independent after political independence. It is in this special era that "Transcendentalism", represented by Emerson and Thoreau, sprang up suddenly and became the declaration of American spiritual independence.

What is Transcendentalism?

American Transcendentalism, also known as "New England Transcendentalism" or "American Renaissance", is a literary and philosophical movement in America. Related to Ralph Waldo Emerson and Margaret Fuller, it claims that there is an ideal spiritual entity, which transcends experience and science and can be grasped by intuition. The leader is Ralph Waldo Emerson, an American thinker and poet. American Transcendence of Ali is an important trend of thought in America. It rose in New England in 1930s, but spread to other places and became an important ideological emancipation movement in the history of American thought. It is a literary and philosophical movement related to Ralph Waldo Emerson and Thoreau, and advocates the existence of an ideal spiritual entity, which transcends experience and science and can be grasped by intuition. Generally speaking, Emerson is an advocate of transcendentalism. His prose, especially his speech, makes people feel cordial and full of a strange voice with strong personal color. His prose often overflows with unique and charming wisdom, sense of humor and the depth of literature and philosophy in dignified preaching. His words are eloquent, brilliant and unpredictable, which shows his profound literary foundation. 183 1 year, Emerson resigned from the second church in Boston and went to Europe. During this period, he met many literary celebrities at that time, such as Walter Landor, an English poet and essayist, samuel taylor coleridge, william wordsworth and Thomas Carlyle, a Scottish essayist and historian. Especially after he met Carlisle in rural Scotland, he began the lifelong friendship and correspondence between the two writers. 1837, when Emerson gave a speech about American scholars, Thoreau, another transcendentalist, had just graduated from Harvard University. For many people, Thoreau is a textbook. Through him, people can understand the world with the facts that happen in nature, so the world becomes a whole for people to read, taste and chew. He wants to live a simple life. Thoreau said: "The reason why I went into the forest was not to live cheaper or more expensive, but to do something I wanted with the least trouble." Therefore, his writing is exquisite and natural, full of a sensitive writer and a thoughtful philosopher's sincere feelings and feelings about nature. Compared with Emerson's speech and writing, Thoreau paid more attention to practice and action. In his character, the spirit of advocating life and nature, freedom and independence is intrinsically related to the brave, heroic, rough and wild pioneer spirit in American development, especially in western development. Judging from the current historical data, people can't know whether Thoreau personally listened to Emerson's speech, but Thoreau failed to live up to Emerson's call in The American Scholar: pay more attention to American native land and pursue American native originality. As an ideological movement integrating European and American thoughts, a series of classic American essays were born: Nature (1836), American Scholar (1837) and Natural History, Fentlet (1838). /kloc-The United States in the 0/9th century was regarded by some historians as a period of the birth and growth of unique American culture, a period when American spirit and culture were weaned from the mother of the European continent and became truly independent after political independence. It is in this special era that "Transcendentalism", represented by Emerson and Thoreau, sprang up suddenly and became the declaration of American spiritual independence. Transcendentalism's pursuit of human freedom has become an important heritage in American culture. This trend of thought originated from monotheism and accepted the influence of romanticism, emphasizing the direct communication between man and God and the divinity in human nature. As a result, human nature was liberated, people's status was improved, and people's freedom became possible. Transcendentalism has a strong critical spirit, and its social goal is to establish a moral perfect and true >>

English materials of American Transcendentalism

1. Introduction American Transcendentalism or New England Transcendentalism or American Renaissance (1836-1855) was the first intellectual movement in the United States, which had a great influence on the consciousness of the American people. As Lawrence Buell said, "However, it is easier to declare the influence of Transcendentalism than to define it, because the movement is loosely organized and its boundaries are blurred". New England Transcendentalism is essentially a romantic idealism in the Puritan land. This is an ideological system that originates from three sources. The first William Ellery Channing (1780-1842) was an American monotheistic priest. His Unification represents the ideological resistance against orthodox Puritans. Unitariani *** believes that God is a person, rejects the doctrine of the Trinity, emphasizes tolerance of religious differences, and gives each church the freedom to control its own affairs and independent power. It laid the foundation for the central theory in the transitional period. Secondly, idealistic philosophy from France and Germany had a great influence on American intellectuals. Thirdly, oriental mysticism revealed in Indian and China classics spread to the United States through English translation. Therefore, New England Transcendentalism combines American native traditions with foreign influences. Some American intellectuals are dissatisfied with the material-oriented society and are eager to save their souls in a spiritual way, so they feel desperate ...>& gt.

Is romanticism the same as transcendentalism in American literature?

Different representatives, styles, periods and so on are completely different. At that time, there was no word romanticism in Britain, and its representative figures were considered different and had their own characteristics.

American Transcendentalism: the Birth and Growth Period of American Culture

/kloc-The United States in the 0/9th century was regarded by some historians as a period of the birth and growth of unique American culture, a period when American spirit and culture were weaned from the mother of the European continent and became truly independent after political independence. It is in this special era that "Transcendentalism", represented by Emerson and Thoreau, sprang up suddenly and became the declaration of American spiritual independence. Transcendentalism's pursuit of human freedom has become an important heritage in American culture. This trend of thought originated from monotheism and accepted the influence of romanticism, emphasizing the direct communication between man and God and the divinity in human nature. As a result, human nature was liberated, people's status was improved, and people's freedom became possible. Transcendentalism has a strong critical spirit, and its social goal is to build a truly democratic, free and morally perfect society, although it is a utopia. The core view of Transcendentalism is that people can transcend feeling and reason and directly know the truth. Everything in the human world is the epitome of the universe-"the world reduces itself to a drop of dew" (Emerson's words). It emphasizes the essential unity of everything, everything is restricted by "oversoul", and the human soul is consistent with "oversoul". This affirmation of the sanctity of human beings makes transcendentalists despise external authority and tradition and rely on their own direct experience.

Emerson, an advocate of American Transcendentalism

Emerson is generally regarded as an advocate of transcendentalism. His essays, especially his speeches, make people feel kind, have strange voices and have strong personal feelings. His prose often overflows with unique and charming wisdom, sense of humor and the depth of literature and philosophy in dignified preaching. His words are eloquent, brilliant and unpredictable, which shows his profound literary foundation.

Difference between Transcendentalism and Transcendentalism

Transcendentalism is an ideological emancipation movement, which is first manifested in the reform of religion and philosophy, and then extended to the field of literary creation. Transcendentalists headed by Emerson, in order to abandon Calvinism's thought of "taking God as the center" and absorb the ideological materials of Kant's transcendentalism and European romantic theorists, put forward that people know the truth by intuition, so they are God in a certain range. The starting point of this school is humanism, which emphasizes entrance value, opposes authority, attaches importance to intuition, advocates personality liberation, and breaks the shackles of theology and foreign dogma, which has a great influence on American writers. In 1950s, with the emergence of various social problems caused by industrialization, writers keenly felt the disadvantages of democracy. Thoreau emphasized the "self-help" spirit of transcendentalism, advocated returning to nature and maintaining pure human nature, so it clashed with the bourgeois social order. In Hawthorne and Melville, this contradiction is expressed in an abstract and mysterious form. Hawthorne was deeply influenced by Calvinism and wanted to get rid of it, so he turned to explore the human situation and destiny, such as The Scarlet Letter (1850). Melville, like Hawthorne, attributed the social contradictions he felt to abstract "evil", which was so powerful and incomprehensible that Moby Dick (185 1) and other works were covered with a mysterious and pessimistic atmosphere.

American Transcendentalism, also known as "New England Transcendentalism" or "American Renaissance", is a literary and philosophical movement in America. Related to Ralph Waldo Emerson and Margaret Fuller, it claims that there is an ideal spiritual entity, which transcends experience and science and can be grasped by intuition. The leader is Ralph Waldo Emerson, an American thinker and poet.

American Transcendence of Ali is an important trend of thought in America. It rose in New England in 1930s, but spread to other places and became an important ideological emancipation movement in the history of American thought. It is a literary and philosophical movement related to Ralph Waldo Emerson and Thoreau, and advocates the existence of an ideal spiritual entity, which transcends experience and science and can be grasped by intuition.

Transcendentalism is a manifestation of idealism epistemology. It is fundamentally opposed to the materialist theory of reflection. It is believed that human knowledge is something that precedes sensory experience and social practice, and it is innate. Also known as transcendentalism and idealism transcendentalism. Plato, an ancient Greek philosopher, believed that there was an eternal world of thought beyond experience, time and space. People's experience can't know the world of ideas; People's knowledge about the conceptual world is born in people's minds and can be recalled through the study the day after tomorrow. Kant, a German classical philosopher, believes that giving knowledge

Knowledge is a category form of universal inevitability, which is inherent in the subject and exists before experience. Transcendentalism cuts off the connection between human knowledge (rational knowledge) and sensory experience and social practice, and inevitably denies the connection between knowledge and the reflection and reflection of the objective world, thus turning knowledge into innate and subjective. Transcendentalism is the theoretical basis of genius theory and heroic historical view.

What is the origin of transcendentalism in the history of American literature and their puritanism tradition?

Transcendentalism was against Puritanism, which required everyone to believe in God and regulate human behavior, but it also played a very positive role in promoting the United States at that time. Transcendentalism emphasizes people's feelings rather than relying on rational thinking to understand the world.

Difference between Transcendentalism and Transcendentalism

Transcendentalism: it advocates that people can transcend feelings and rationality, directly know the truth, and emphasize the importance of intuition.

Transcendentalism: Before practice, we know the truth through deductive argument.

Posteriorism: after practice, starting from the results, sum up the truth.

For example, painting a picture, transcendentalism means that before painting, you think this picture will be the most beautiful; Transcendentalism is conceived before painting, thinking that this painting will be the most beautiful; Posteriorism means that after painting, by comparing other paintings, this painting is the best.