How to establish modern enterprise system in the reform of state-owned enterprises?

I. Basic Characteristics of Modern Enterprise System in China From the perspective of the evolution of enterprise system, modern enterprise system refers to the enterprise system that adapts to the requirements of modern socialized mass production and market economy system, and it is also an enterprise system with China characteristics. The basic characteristics are "clear property rights, clear rights and responsibilities, separation of government from enterprise, and scientific management".

Second, to promote the reform of state-owned enterprises and establish a modern enterprise system, we must grasp the following aspects: First, we must completely eliminate the traditional concept of property rights and establish a "modern property rights system with clear ownership, clear rights and responsibilities, strict protection and smooth circulation", which is the core and key to the success of enterprise restructuring. In the past, many enterprises failed in restructuring, all of which were caused by unclear property rights system.

The second is to abandon the traditional enterprise organization form and establish a real modern enterprise organization form. The organizational form of an enterprise is the concrete manifestation and existing mode of the enterprise property right system. Under different property rights systems, the organizational forms of enterprises are essentially different. Once the organizational form of an enterprise is determined, it will in turn have an impact on enterprise property rights. That is, it affects the appreciation, depreciation and transfer of property rights. At the same time, the organizational form of enterprises also determines the operation mode of enterprises, and there are many differences in the operation mode of different forms of enterprises. Looking at the forms of economic organizations around the world, modern enterprises can be divided into three basic types according to their property composition: sole proprietorship, partnership and corporate enterprises. At present, China basically follows this basic form of economic organization.

Third, we should abandon the traditional management mode and establish a modern corporate governance structure. Restructured enterprises must determine the rights and obligations of the shareholders' meeting or shareholders' meeting, the board of directors, the board of supervisors and the general manager in accordance with the Company Law, and form an interdependent and balanced supervision and restriction mechanism. Form a corporate governance structure with the general meeting of shareholders as the highest authority, the board of directors as the decision-making system, the board of supervisors as the supervision system, the general manager as the person in charge, and the administrative staff as the executive system. The board of directors and the board of supervisors are entrusted by the shareholders' meeting, and the general manager is entrusted by the board of directors and is responsible to the board of directors. At the same time, the board of supervisors supervises the board of directors and the leading group headed by the general manager. These aspects are interrelated and mutually restricted, forming a management model in which the board of directors appoints the general manager as the responsibility system. This model has the characteristics of balanced power structure, effective responsibility constraint and checks and balances system, thus solving the relationship between responsibility and rights of enterprise owners and operators.