What are the famous dramatists in ancient China and their representative works?

1, Guan Hanqing: In the history of China drama, Guan Hanqing is completely unprecedented, although he dare not say that there is no successor. The unprecedented prosperity of Yuan Zaju is closely related to Guan Hanqing, the leader of Liyuan. However, it is such a great dramatist and a world cultural celebrity, but the information about him is quite scarce. It is generally believed that Guan Hanqing was born in the late Jin Dynasty (about 1229- 124 1) and died in the early years of Dade (about 1300). His main works include Yuan, Saving the Wind and Dust, Wangjiang Pavilion, Moon Pavilion, Single Knife Club, etc. The most popular work is Yuan. Guan Hanqing is the first of the "Four Masters of Yuan Opera" (some people say it is the "Four Masters of Yuan Zaju", the same below) and is called "Qusheng" by later generations.

2. Tang Xianzu: the greatest dramatist in Ming Dynasty. The meaning of this word is still the same. Its name is Hai Ruo, also called Ruoshi. Don't be a Taoist in Qingyuan. Linchuan (now Jiangxi) people. Known as "Oriental Shakespeare", we can see its important position in the history of China's drama. Tang Xianzu's masterpiece is The Peony Pavilion (also known as The Story of Resurrection), which is also called "Four Dreams of Tang Yuming" with Handan, Conan and Zi Chai Ji. The image of Du Liniang he created in The Peony Pavilion is a typical example of pursuing free love. The most striking feature of Tang Xianzu's works is his poetic language, which has always been praised by people. In addition, we should also know that the idiom "Conan Yimeng" comes from his Conan Collection.

3. Wang Shifu: a famous dramatist in Yuan Dynasty. Like Guan Hanqing, he is a native of Beijing and has little information about his life. Wang Shifu's masterpiece, The West Chamber, broke the convention that Yuan Zaju generally only got a 60% discount. Five * * * books even got a 74% discount on the "wedge". Compared with other zaju, The Romance of the West Chamber is a masterpiece. Since the work came out, it has received rave reviews and is called the crown of zaju. The most outstanding artistic achievement of The West Chamber is the successful creation of many vivid and different characters such as Cui Yingying, Zhang Sheng, the matchmaker and the old lady. The matchmaker is a household name.

4. Kong: A famous dramatist in Qing Dynasty. The word hired, but also the word season heavy,no. Dong Tang, also known as the shore hall, is a mountain man. A native of Qufu, Shandong Province, the sixty-fourth grandson of Confucius, Dr. imperial academy in Kangxi period. After the publication of Peach Blossom Fan, the situation of "Luoyang paper is expensive" appeared. Kong Renshang was dismissed because the play showed the grief of the Han people in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties and praised Shi Kefa, Zuo Liangyu, Huang Degong and other anti-Qing generals, which aroused the dissatisfaction of the emperor and his left and right people. Kong's Peach Blossom Fan 14 fold has the characteristics of fine structure and great momentum. His greatest achievement is to get rid of the routine of reunion of talented people and beautiful women, and to set off the harsh reality of the country's ruin and death with the love tragedy of Zhang Daoshi tearing the fan and Li entering the Tao, which is original.

5. Ji: A famous dramatist in Yuan Dynasty. The year of birth and death is unknown. There are 6 kinds of zaju, only 1: Zhao orphan revenge, Zhao orphan revenge. The story goes like this: Tu'an Gu, the general of the State of Jin, killed Zhao Dun, a loyal minister, in order to seize power. Except for Zhao, the orphan who was rescued, more than 300 Zhao family members were all killed. Twenty years later, the orphan Zhao grew up, practiced martial arts, captured and killed him alive, revenged the Zhao family and eradicated a great disaster for the country. This is an excellent tragedy, with vivid characters, gripping dramatic conflicts and a tense and generous atmosphere. After it was staged in Europe, it received rave reviews.

6. Ma Zhiyuan: One of the "Four Masters of Yuan Qu", most of them. We know Ma Zhiyuan more because "the old vines are faint, the bridges are flowing, the old roads are thin, and the heartbroken people are in the sunset." This popular Yuanqu. In fact, Ma Zhiyuan also made great achievements in the creation of zaju. Autumn in the Palace of Han Dynasty is Ma Zhiyuan's early work and his masterpiece of zaju. Ma Zhiyuan is good at tempering simple and natural sentences into exquisite and vivid expressions, which to some extent covers up the shortcomings of his works that are too self-expression and lack of dramatic conflicts.

7. Zheng Guangzu: De Hui, born in Xiangling, Pingyang (now Xiangfen County, Shanxi Province), whose date of birth and death is unknown. He was a famous playwright in the Yuan Dynasty and one of the "Four Masters of Yuan Opera". Ghost Story is his masterpiece. The whole play depicts the image and character of a beautiful girl who pursues marital autonomy and is loyal to love. Comparable to the West Chamber.

8, Bai Pu, formerly known as Heng, the word Renfu, later renamed Park, the word, the number. Born in 1226, lived to 1306, and his whereabouts are unknown. A famous playwright in Yuan Dynasty, one of the "Four Masters of Yuan Opera". Wu Tongyu and The Wall of Immediate are his representative works. The former is a tragedy, vigorous and tragic; The latter is comedy and full of passion. These two works have always been regarded as successful works in love dramas. Rain is the love story between Tang and Yang Guifei.

9. Hong Sheng: playwright in Qing Dynasty. Qiantang (now Hangzhou, Zhejiang) people. The Palace of Eternal Life is his masterpiece and the love story between Tang and Yang Guifei. The Palace of Eternal Life has magnificent scenes, tortuous plots, beautiful and smooth lyrics and full of poetry. After the performance, it was a smash hit. )。 This is the Peach Blossom Fan with Two Treasures written by Kong at that time. Hong Sheng and Kong Renshang are also called "South Hongbei Kong".

10,: The real name is Ming, the real name is Cheng, and the real name is Root Road. A famous playwright at the end of the Yuan Dynasty, he was known as "the ancestor of Nanqu (echoing with Beiqu-Zaju)". His masterpiece is the pipa. After the play was staged, it was well received by the masses and became a dazzling flower in the drama world at the end of the Yuan Dynasty. It has been circulating for more than 600 years.

Note: In the Qing Dynasty, I had to mention another playwright, Li Yu. Although his plays "Flounder" and "The Mistake of Kite" are also widely known, their achievements in drama theory are slightly inferior to his, so they are not included here.