Advantages and disadvantages of five modes of transportation

The main modes of modern transportation are ocean transportation, railway transportation, air transportation, road transportation and pipeline transportation.

1, shipping

Advantages: low cost, low cost, large batch and long-distance transportation.

Disadvantages: the transportation speed is slow, which is greatly influenced by port, water level, season and climate, and the transportation is interrupted for a long time in a year.

2. Railway transportation

Advantages: high speed, limited transportation by natural conditions, large carrying capacity and low transportation cost.

Disadvantages: poor flexibility, transportation can only be realized on fixed lines, and other modes of transportation need to be coordinated and connected.

3. Air transportation

Advantages: fast speed, not limited by terrain, and areas that cannot be reached by trains and cars can rely on air transport;

Disadvantages: the cost is too high, and ordinary cargo transportation is not applicable.

4. Road transport

Advantages: strong flexibility, short highway construction period, less investment, easy to adapt to local conditions, and low requirements for receiving station facilities;

Disadvantages: limited to short-distance transportation.

5. Pipeline transportation

Advantages: due to the use of sealing equipment, it can avoid losses such as loss and loss during transportation, and can be used for materials with large transportation volume and continuous transportation.

Disadvantages: poor flexibility and single cargo transportation.

Extended data

Among all kinds of modes of transportation, how to choose the appropriate mode of transportation is an important issue in the rationalization of logistics. Generally speaking, it should be decided by the service level required by the logistics system and the allowable logistics cost. You can use a mode of transportation or a combined mode of transportation. When deciding the mode of transportation, we can focus on the following five specific matters according to the specific situation.

1, commodity variety

The variety, nature and shape of the goods should be stated in the packaging project, and the transportation mode suitable for these goods should be selected. The freight bearing capacity of the goods should also be seriously considered.

2. Time limit for transportation

The transportation time limit must be related to the delivery date, and the transportation time limit must be guaranteed. It is necessary to investigate the transportation time required by various modes of transportation and choose the transportation mode according to the transportation time. Each means of transportation can be arranged according to its speed, and the required transportation time can be calculated by adding its two ends and the transit operation time. In commodity circulation, it is the basic requirement to study the present situation of these modes of transportation, carry out planned transportation and reach an accurate delivery date.

3. Transportation costs

The transportation cost varies with the type of goods, the quantity, volume and transportation distance of mushrooms. Moreover, transportation costs will change with different modes of transportation. When considering the transportation cost of Guangde special logistics line, we must pay attention to the mutual advantages and disadvantages between freight and other logistics subsystems. The mode of transportation cannot be decided only by considering the transportation cost, but by the general assembly.

4. Transportation distance

From the perspective of transportation distance, the following principles can generally be followed: within 200 kilometers, car transportation; 200~500 km interval is transported by railway; More than 500 kilometers, by sea or air. Generally, it is more economical and reasonable to adopt such a choice.

5. Transport batch

As for the impact of transportation batches, because the cost of large-scale transportation is low, it is a good way to reduce the cost by concentrating the goods as close as possible to the final consumers. Generally speaking, goods under 15 tons are transported by car; 15~20 tons of commercial crystal railway transportation; Commodities over several hundred tons, such as raw materials, should be transported by ship.

The choice of transportation mode is of great significance to the efficiency of logistics. When deciding the mode of transportation, we must weigh the transportation service and transportation cost required by the transportation system, and make a judgment according to the service characteristics of the mode of transportation: transportation cost, transportation time, turnover times, transportation capacity, cargo safety, accuracy, applicability, flexibility and relevant information.