Describe Wushan County, Gansu Province?

Wushan, located in the southeast of Gansu and the west end of Tianshui City, is a bright pearl on the ancient Silk Road, with Gangu in the east, Min County, Lixian County and Zhang Xian in the south, Longxi in the west and Tongwei in the north. Beautiful mountains and rivers, rich products, known as the hometown of vegetables, jade, calligraphy and painting, martial arts, the county ***6 towns and 9 townships, 344 villages.

Wushan county is 5 1.5km wide from east to west and 59.5km long from north to south, with a total area of 201/km2 and a total population of 439,500, with an altitude of 1340m to 3 120m. Longhai Railway and National Highway 3 16 cross the whole territory, and the traffic is very convenient. With beautiful mountains and rivers and rich products, she is known as the hometown of vegetables, jade, calligraphy and painting and martial arts.

Wushan county has a pleasant climate, belonging to the temperate continental semi-humid monsoon climate zone, which is mild and humid, with no severe cold in winter and no heat in summer. The annual precipitation is 506 mm, the annual average temperature is 10.7 degrees Celsius, the annual sunshine hours are 2 147 hours, and the frost-free period is about 125 days to 193 days, with four distinct seasons. Wushan county has a vast territory and abundant land resources, with an area of 620,000 mu of cultivated land and 654.38+0.9 million mu of grassland, among which Caochuan Prairie and Taihuangshan Prairie are the most famous. The forest is 6.5438+0.353 million mu, and the forest coverage rate is 22.5%. With the continuous development of ecological construction, the forest area in China is expanding. The main forest species are spruce, fir, Chinese pine, poplar and birch, as well as economic trees such as apple, pear, walnut, jujube, peach and pepper.

1. National key cultural relics protection unit-water curtain cave Hemuti Temple

Water curtain cave is located in Luban Canyon, a heavy building about 25 kilometers northeast of Wushan County. The mountains here are straight, abrupt and spectacular; Tree-lined, mountain flowers brilliant; The spring water runs in the cave, the mountain stream gurgles, and the scenery is quiet and pleasant.

It is an ideal tourist attraction. "There are many peaks and there is no way to find them." The grottoes were dug in the late Qin Dynasty and the Sixteen Kingdoms period, and were built in the Northern Wei, Northern Zhou, Sui, Tang, Five Dynasties, Song and Yuan Dynasties. There are mainly water curtain cave, Lashao Temple, Thousand Buddha Cave and other places of interest, and it is a national key cultural relics protection unit. Water curtain cave is an arched natural cave with a length of about 50 meters, a height of 30 meters and a depth of 20 meters. It is located on the cliff on the east side of the experimental axe and looks like an axe chop. Whenever the rainy season, the spring water and rain water on the roof and wall of the cave gush out together, and the eaves of the cave run like running water, just like a bead curtain covering the door, hence the name water curtain cave. There are many buildings in the cave, such as Sisheng Palace, Kannonji, South Hall and Bodhisattva Hall. The temples, terraces, pavilions and pavilions are opened and closed in accordance with natural caves, with exquisite craftsmanship. Among them, the Bodhisattva Hall is the tallest and most magnificent. The temple has two floors, and there is a pool of clear water in the cave of the lower stone wall, which is crystal clear; There is a horizontal plaque on the upper floor, which reads "Sunset Rain on the Western Hills", in which the goddess of twine in local folklore is molded; Huge Buddhist murals of the Northern Wei, Sui, Tang and Yuan Dynasties are preserved on the cliffs of water curtain cave. The terraced fields, spring stones, sculptures and portraits in the whole cave set each other off, and the natural scenery is very interesting.

Muti Temple, a national protected unit, is located on the mountainside of Malibailin Mountain, about 30 kilometers southwest of the county seat. The mountains are steep and lush, and grottoes and temples are like pearls, hidden in the shade. The grottoes are surrounded by cliffs, and only one mountain gate on the north side can enter the temple. According to legend, there is no way to enter the temple. On the cliff at the entrance of the mountain, a wooden ladder was placed, and people entered the temple along the ladder, hence the name "Wooden Ladder Temple". According to the Preface to the Reconstruction of Muti Temple, there is a famous Muti Temple in the northeast of Longchuan, which was first built in the Han Dynasty. Since the Tang Dynasty, it has been operated from generation to generation. There is no trace of "ten halls, nine caves and two brick towers" in it, and there is a natural stone Buddha in the west, which is slightly smaller than the Fu Qiang Giant Buddha. There are 18 caves, four halls, more than 80 statues and 234 murals, covering an area of 2 100 square meters. The content is extensive and the ornaments are changeable, which has quite high artistic value. In particular, Caves No.5, No.7 and 16 are the largest, maintaining their original features. Statues have the legacy of Wei, Jin and Tang dynasties, among which the works of Song Dynasty are the essence of the whole temple.

2. Various natural landscapes

(1) Laojunshan Forest Park

Laojun Mountain, located in Wuhuali in the south of Wushan County, is the main peak of the Zhongtai Emperor in the West Qinling Mountains winding in the south of Wushan County. The altitude is 2385.9 meters. Laojun Mountain, with majestic mountain, beautiful peaks and surging forests, is towering in Gu Song. Since ancient times, it has enjoyed the reputation of "Junshan Mountain overlooks the Weihe River" and is one of the eight scenic spots at the southern foot of Wushan Mountain and Guningyuan. After the founding of New China, while protecting the original scenic forests, pine forests were replanted, making them lush all year round and the mountains look extremely beautiful. In recent years, it has been established as a county-level forest park. The natural landscape and picturesque scenery created by nature attract tourists from home and abroad. The scenic spots with beautiful myths and legends in Laojun Mountain are: Taiqing Mountain, Waterfalls, Chessboard Fairy Traces, Jiguan Jade, Chaoyang Ancient Cave, Smoke Clouds at the Bottom of Pot, Shenquan Valley, Wutai Mountain with a bird's eye view of Wei, including more than 20 scenic spots such as Cliff White Pine, Laojun Ancient Temple, Peak and Ladder.

(2) Luban Mountain is a masterpiece of Danxia landform.

Luban Mountain is a famous mountain in Longshang, which is connected with water curtain cave, a national key cultural relic protection unit. Located 20 kilometers northeast of the county seat, it is a battleground for ancient and modern military strategists, the main road of the ancient Silk Road from the Central Plains to the western regions, and one of the scenic spots in Guning.

Walking into Shengjing Gorge, it is said that Lu Ban split a mountain into three steep cliffs with a sharp axe, revealing a ray of blue sky through dense trees. There are cliffs and steep canyons here, and the whole territory is composed of 25 scenic spots, such as "Lu Ban's Axe Test", "Pine Forest and Xiaoyue", "Fairy Sending Son", "Five Tigers Coming out of the Mountain", "Dongpo Night Tour", "Bifeng Unique" and "Camel Tour", which have their own characteristics. The white pine growing in the gap of the cliff is even more surprising. Some branches are as long as long arms. Some branches are curled and twisted, and even grow obliquely around nearby branches; Some hang down a few feet away, poking around in the air, and some trunks are tall and straight, spreading their green arms in the air, looking like a beautiful girl from a distance, with their own unique youth, beauty and liveliness. Sitting quietly in Panasonic, looking from a distance, I saw the Weihe River as a practice, winding and lotus-like mountains, which surrounded the mountain meekly and evenly. It was not only poetic and picturesque, such as "This river flows beyond heaven and earth, and there are both mountains here and there", but also beautiful, such as "When you climb to the top of the mountain, you will know that other mountains are dwarfed". Boarding the "Camel Traveling Far" scenic spot, 12 mountains of different sizes stand side by side, and layers of clouds are intertwined. The sunlight painted different shades on distant peaks and high and low clouds. Blue is transparent when it is near, and black when it is far from gray. From a distance, it will change from dark gray to light gray, leaving only a faint cyan. They all attract tourists to linger.

(3) Wushan grassland

Wushan prairie is located in Caochuan township, which is a relatively remote town. After leaving Wushan County, go all the way east, pass through the hot spring sanatorium in Wenquan Township, and walk along a township road for about 22 kilometers. Climbing the main peak at an altitude of 2600 meters, looking around, everything is vast and gray, and the cool green seems to be too thick to melt; Breeze Xu Lai, all kinds of wild flowers in the mountains and plains sway with the wind, and the fragrance of flowers is intoxicating; Mountains, clouds, cows barking in Cleisthenes and dogs barking have brought people into a paradise-like realm. According to Gou, secretary of the Party Committee of Caochuan Township, it borders Lixian County and Gangu County and is an excellent summer pasture. Every summer, herders in Zhouqu and Zhuoni come here to graze with flocks of cattle and sheep, and the cattle and sheep will not be brought back by truck until around 10. Every summer, when the heat is unbearable in other places, the cool breeze blows gently here and the summer heat disappears completely. The highest temperature is only 22 degrees, which is an ideal place for summer vacation and leisure. When people come here, no matter how much trouble they have, the wind blows away.

(4) Woniushan Forest Park

(5) Tai Huang and Wu Yunshan

(6) Wushan Hot Springs

Hot spring is located between Tianshui Station and Lanzhou Station of Longhai Railway, only15km away from Luomen Station. Every day, there are tourist buses to and from Luomen and Wushan to pick up convalescents and tourists. The sanatorium is surrounded by mountains on three sides, with elegant environment, fresh air, no noise pollution and small temperature difference throughout the year. Every spring, summer and autumn, birds and flowers are fragrant and the climate is pleasant, which is the best period for recuperation. The layout of the convalescent and rehabilitation area is designed according to the natural terrain, and it is distributed in a north-south corridor. Its location is patchy, all buildings are simple and elegant, and it blends with the natural scenery of the sanatorium, giving people a strong local flavor. The radon spring spa building in the new sanatorium is graceful in the hot spring pool, which makes the sanatorium more enterprising and innovative and gives people a strong sense of the times. The hot spring water is clear and transparent, and it is lubricated and comfortable when bathing. Natural radon spring mineral water factor has a wide range of indications. Radioactive elements acting on human body can effectively improve and strengthen the function of central nervous system. It can be used to treat various dermatoses, cardiovascular diseases, motor system diseases, nervousness, rheumatic diseases and various dysfunction diseases, and can enhance the body's resistance, which has important biological effects on human metabolism and immune system.

Visiting places of interest is one of the indispensable contents of contemporary recuperation life. The convalescents admitted to the hospital are very interested in visiting Wushan water curtain cave and other scenic spots. These scenic spots can go back and forth on the same day, which can enrich their convalescence and rehabilitation life.

Wushan hot spring is an ideal place for people to recuperate, recover, maintain health and travel, with excellent water quality, ideal location, rich products and numerous surrounding scenic spots, ranking first in the northwest. Wushan Hot Spring, also known as mineral spring, was called Tang Chi Temple in ancient times, with a daily inflow of 700 tons. It is a thermoradioactive mineral spring with a water temperature between 38 and 40 degrees Celsius, belonging to soft fresh water.

Wushan mineral spring contains 38 kinds of trace elements such as radioactive radon, sodium bicarbonate and sulfide, which is a rare compound mineral spring with great medical value at home and abroad. After more than 30 years of rehabilitation medical practice, it is proved that the spring has the functions of radiation, ion, infrared ray, mechanical massage and internal environment adjustment. After bathing, the skin is fine and smooth, whitening and wrinkle removing, and the health care effect is obvious. The medical value is even more peculiar. The curative effect of scabies is far from simple drug treatment. The cure rate is 100%, and the course of treatment is short (it only takes 3-7 days to cure). It has magical effects on psoriasis, erythroderma, chronic eczema, tinea and other skin diseases. The cause is unknown and the clinical effect is poor. It also has obvious therapeutic effect on rheumatism, cor pulmonale, coronary heart disease, soft tissue injury, sports support organ diseases, pelvic inflammatory disease, chronic gastroenteritis, compensatory diseases and other chronic diseases.

3. Cultural landscape with a long history

(1) Tielongshan, the ancient battlefield of the Three Kingdoms.

(2) Cultural relics of Ge Tan Town-Wanhua Temple in the early Tang Dynasty, Weiyuanzhai Castle in the Song Dynasty and Ming and Qing Street.

(3) Jingang Temple in Ming Dynasty

4. Precious red historical sites

(1) Mao Zedong Feijiashan Former Residence

(2) Red Army heroes have nothing to say.

(3) The Red Army crossed the Weihe River Monument

(4) Guo Huaru Martyrs Monument

5. Famous local specialties

(1) Yuanyang jade

Yuanyangyu ultrabasic rock occurs in yuanyang town, Wushan County, Gansu Province, and consists of serpentine, carbonate, talc, magnetite and chrome spinel. The mineral name is serpentine, which belongs to a young jasper. Yuanyang jade is mainly distributed in Qiujiaxia mine and Miaoerwan mine in Yuanyang town, Wushan, in which Qiujiaxia mine is rich in reserves and bare. The proven reserves of Yuanyang jade in Wushan, Tianshui, Gansu Province are 324 million m&sup 3；; It is the second largest mine in the world. Yuanyang jade, also known as serpentine jade, is fine in structure, fine and tough in texture, good in compression, bending and wind resistance, strong in machinability and shiny, making it an ideal material for jade carving crafts and high-grade agricultural tools. Its colors are green, dark green, olive green, light green, etc., which reflect the natural texture in a dull way, just like the dragon dance neon lingering, very elegant.

(2) Pollution-free vegetables

(3) Hot spring rice and Simen balsamic vinegar

(4) wickerwork, bamboo weaving and straw weaving.

6. Wonderful works in folk culture: martial arts, inspiration, yangko, calligraphy and painting, etc.

Wushan Yangko has a long history. Whenever the Spring Festival, a traditional festival in China, comes, there will be unprecedented traditional customs such as "playing yangko", "making a social fire", "playing with lanterns" and "celebrating the Yuan Festival". Throughout the ages, "playing yangko" has always been an important cultural life of Wushan people during the Spring Festival, which means praying for peace and good luck. It is the spiritual wealth of Wushan people, the cultural accumulation of Wushan for thousands of years and the spiritual source of vitality. As a part of local excellent culture, Wushan Yangko is deeply loved by local people because of its appeal to both refined and popular tastes. It has been handed down from generation to generation in this magical land with its unique style. Rotating drum dance is a unique folk art in rural areas of Wushan County. Wushan Xuan drum dance, famous for its boldness, boldness and power, originated from the dance and sacrifice activities of the ancient Qiang people. It was produced by the local ancestors in the process of living in this beautiful and rich land, with the hope and desire of survival, peace and security. People pay more and more attention to its artistic charm and cultural value. Wushan county is rich in traditional folk cultural resources: ancient folk customs, simple ethnic customs, melodious yangko, passionate dancing, colorful paper-cutting and folk painting art, etc. , are excellent teaching materials. These colorful performances and works of art show the diligence and wisdom of Wushan people and reflect the people's yearning for a better life in the county. They are inexhaustible resources for us to develop quality education and inherit excellent folk culture.