What impact does big data have on future education?

As an important part of social subsystem, education is also deeply influenced by the arrival of big data. In the teaching management of foreign universities, the mining of educational data has also become an important way to improve the teaching management level and teaching quality. American schools can predict the enrollment rate of students with 85% accuracy through the analysis of student data. [4] Under the influence of current social transformation, there are many problems in education in China. Through the emerging big data technology, the formulation of educational policies, the formulation of learning programs and the evaluation methods will undergo revolutionary changes.

1. Infiltrate into the core link of education

There is a philosophical dialectical relationship between education and society. On the one hand, talents who can change and create the world are trained through education. On the other hand, education is deeply influenced by current social atmosphere, national system, economic situation and cultural tradition. At present, education is deeply influenced by industrial society. From the middle of18th century, the whole world began to be influenced by the industrial revolution, the expansion of the market and the requirements for work experience and technology, which put forward new requirements for the quality of the labor force. Practical ability has replaced the emphasis on personal cultural literacy learning in the past, and whether it can solve problems has become a symbol of measuring talents. This view of talents has a great influence on education, which can be seen from the popularity of American pragmatic philosopher Dewey's educational thought.

The arrival of the era of big data will completely change this educational concept that has lasted for nearly three centuries. Alvin toffler, a famous American futurist and one of the most influential social thinkers today, put forward an educational place to entertain the future in his book The Influence of the Future. He predicted that education in the future will face service and innovation, so the boundaries of home school education, educational space design and future-oriented schools will become a trend. [5] The ability to solve practical problems, as one of the talents' abilities in the era of big data, will gradually fade out from the logical starting point of education. Discovering knowledge, finding connections and summarizing laws will become important requirements for talents in the era of big data. In the era of big data, teachers will focus on exploring students' learning-related performance and the most suitable methods for students' learning, rather than relying on conventional ability tests. Teachers analyze what students know and what is the most effective way to learn. Through the analysis of online learning tools, we can evaluate the duration of students' online learning behavior and how students can quickly acquire electronic resources and master concepts. [6]

Judging from the actual situation in China, the formulation and implementation of educational policies are all top-down, which is conducive to the authority of policies and the efficiency of implementation, but the disadvantages of neglecting teaching and students' reality also exist objectively. In the era of big data, through the analysis of educational data, it will be possible to find out the teaching, learning, evaluation and other situations that are in line with the actual situation of students and teaching, so as to formulate and implement educational policies in a targeted manner, and thus formulate more practical educational strategies for students.

2. Reconstruct teaching evaluation methods

For a long time, teaching evaluation activities are mainly the evaluation of teachers by schools and higher authorities according to lectures and students' test scores, or the evaluation of students by teachers according to students' test scores, homework scores and classroom performance. [7] Teaching evaluation activities promote teachers' teaching and students' learning, but the details need to be improved. For example, in teaching activities, which teaching method is the best and the easiest for students to accept depends on what students' learning habits are and what learning method is the easiest to master knowledge. The summary of these details may require a lot of practical experience, and short-term teaching evaluation is difficult to achieve.

Big data technology obtains personalized teaching behaviors, habits and methods by analyzing the long-term behaviors of teachers and students. We have to admit that we know too little about students. Similarly, we may know too little about teachers. With the arrival of big data, teaching activities can be evaluated, analyzed and improved through technical aspects. First of all, the way of teaching evaluation is no longer empirical, but the law of teaching activities can be found out through a large number of data. For example, the new generation of online learning platform has more parts of behavior and learning induction. By recording learners' mouse clicks, we can study learners' activity trajectory and find out how different people react to different knowledge points, how long it took, and which knowledge points need to be repeated or emphasized. [8] For learning activities, the effect of learning is reflected in daily behavior. What knowledge is not mastered and what problems are most likely to make mistakes become the direct result of analyzing each student's individual behavior. Secondly, students can be evaluated in many ways, not just in a single dimension of knowledge mastery. The evaluation of students should be diversified, especially through data analysis, we can find the changes of students' thoughts, mentality and behavior. For example, in the same dormitory, contact information is deleted from each other, or no data is generated from each other, then there must be something wrong with the relationship between classmates. Take care of students' psychology and behavior through data analysis. If we analyze students' recent emotional state through text analysis and information grabbing, many tragedies may be avoided. Even if it is a single dimension to master knowledge, there are many factors, some of which are good memory and some are strong logical thinking ability. Through big data technology, we can analyze the characteristics of each student, so as to find advantages, avoid disadvantages and correct bad thoughts and behaviors. Thirdly, teaching evaluation jumped out of the circle of result evaluation and realized process evaluation. Traditional teaching evaluation is mostly about teaching and learning, focusing on results. In the era of big data, the process of education can be recorded by technical means. Now some schools have implemented electronic textbooks. If we can record homework, classroom words and deeds, teacher-student interaction and classmate interaction, and collect these data, we can not only discover the characteristics of students, but also worry about how to write the final evaluation.

3. Innovative educators' teaching thinking

Traditional education is mostly based on the learning and summary of teaching experience by education authorities and educators, and some factors are considered very important to teaching activities, so they are repeatedly emphasized. But some experience is unscientific, and common sense sometimes affects people's judgment. Taking Apple as an example, the study found that improving the inventory management ability, providing more professional training for employees, making more fashionable advertisements and promotional activities can only increase the sales of notebook computers by 2% ~ 9%, while placing the computer screen and desk at an angle of about 70 degrees can increase the sales of other computers by 15%. Putting the computer at a 70-degree angle will make people uncomfortable and induce customers to move the screen. Once a potential customer has physical contact with a commodity, the possibility of buying this commodity will increase 15%. [9]

In the era of big data, teachers' teaching thinking needs to shift from group education to individual education. In the teaching process, teachers really teach students in accordance with their aptitude, which varies from person to person. Traditional education also advocates teaching students in accordance with their aptitude, but there are always some shortcomings due to the constraints of the number of students, teachers' energy and educational tasks. Big data technology will provide teachers with the most authentic and personalized student characteristics, and teachers can teach students in accordance with their aptitude in the teaching process. For example, in the process of classroom learning, which (or which) students pay attention to the basic part, which students pay attention to the practical content, which students have completed an exercise, which students can read the recommended bibliography and so on. This is similar to online shopping. Through your past purchases, the website will analyze your shopping interests and give you targeted advertising information.

Moreover, when students finish the homework assigned by the teacher, they can also strengthen their study through data analysis. For example, when doing homework through electronic equipment, a certain type of topic can be completely correct several times, so similar topics can be skipped; If there are mistakes in a certain topic, the system can be strengthened many times, which not only improves the learning efficiency, but also reduces the learning burden of students.

4. Affect the school education model

School education is the absolute mode of current education. School-age children and adolescents need to enter schools and learn through teachers' teaching. But with the advent of the era of big data, this teaching mode may be changed. In 2004, Martin Company of Australia developed moodle, an open source course platform, which solved the problem of going back and forth to class. Teachers interact with students through this platform, and learning, examination, data distribution and uploading are all completed through the website. In 20 10, the number of people on this platform has reached 1 10,000 portals. In 2006, salman khan, a Bangladeshi financial white-collar worker, posted his teaching video of 10 minutes online. A few years later, the registered users of this website reached100000. [ 10]

With the development of educational platform, online courses have developed rapidly. In 20 12 years, the investment in online courses in the United States reached 10 billion dollars. The development of online courses has brought great impact to traditional teaching. On the one hand, the way of education will no longer be limited to school education; On the other hand, teachers' classroom teaching has a new alternative model. The innovation of this educational model is more valuable and meaningful in the era of big data.

The traditional teaching mode includes teachers' supervision, communication at any time and emotional communication, which is to complete teaching activities step by step according to the syllabus. This teaching mode is planned and step by step, which embodies the order, but it also frames the thinking framework of students to a certain extent, and students' innovative ability has not been fully exerted. Many American business giants have dropped out of school, and even some venture funds require students to drop out of school before they can be distributed. This is certainly not worth advocating, but it also reflects that non-school education is also creative. With the advent of the era of big data, more personalized learning content can be pushed through students' interest in learning, time spent on an online course, click-through rate and emotional response. This is especially important in the era of knowledge explosion. In addition, with the advent of the era of media socialization, the networking of students' learning life has become a reality, and students can study the courses currently being offered online, which is a challenge for teachers who are teaching. There is a Udemy website in the United States that pays teachers according to the click-through rate of videos uploaded by teachers. 20 12 in may, some teachers on this website earned more than $200,000. With the development of technology, in the future, with the support of big data, education websites will continuously optimize the teaching content and teaching methods according to the forms of knowledge dissemination and the interests of the audience, so as to provide students with higher quality learning content.