How to cultivate students' innovative spirit and practical ability in teaching

1. Change educational concepts and cultivate innovative consciousness.

The change of teachers' concept is the key and premise of implementing innovative education. It is impossible to cultivate students with innovative consciousness without changing teachers' ideas. First of all, we should understand the status and role of teachers and students, the relationship between teaching and learning, give full play to the leading role of teachers and the main role of students, fully mobilize the initiative and enthusiasm of students to participate in classroom teaching activities with full enthusiasm.

Constructivism theory holds that knowledge is not acquired through teaching, but acquired by learners in a certain situation, that is, social and cultural background, with the help of others (including teachers and learning partners), using necessary learning materials to construct meaning.

Therefore, teachers should be organizers, instructors, helpers and evaluators in the process of students' learning, not instigators of knowledge, and don't impose teachers' consciousness on students; Students are participants, explorers and collaborators in teaching activities, and their learning motivation, emotion and will play a decisive role in learning effect.

Secondly, in the teaching method, we should also change the traditional injection method into heuristic, discussion and inquiry. Students can process the obtained information through independent thinking, so as to integrate old and new knowledge and build a new knowledge system. Only in this way can students develop good study habits, gain the joy of success, meet their psychological needs and reflect their self-worth, thus further stimulating their inner learning motivation and increasing their sense of innovation.

2. Create a teaching atmosphere and provide a stage for innovation.

Classroom teaching atmosphere is the external expression of teachers' and students' immediate psychological activities, and it is a psychological state produced by the interaction of teachers' and students' emotions, feelings, attitudes towards teaching and learning, teachers' prestige and students' attention.

Synchronous regulation between teachers and students forms a good teaching atmosphere, the essence of which is to deal with the relationship between teachers and students and the relationship between teaching and learning, so that students can truly feel that they are the masters of learning, which is the key to teaching success and the ultimate embodiment of teaching effect.

Therefore, teachers should be good at standardizing classroom teaching activities, create a learning atmosphere of democracy, equality, harmony, integration, cooperation and mutual respect for students, let students study in a relaxed and happy mood, encourage them to question boldly and explore different ways to solve problems. Pro-teacher, channel and harmonious relationship between teachers and students can make the classroom atmosphere active. Only by creating a good teaching atmosphere can students be provided with a stage to exercise their innovative ability.

3. Train innovative thinking and cultivate innovative ability.

Innovative thinking originates from conventional thinking process and is higher than conventional thinking. It refers to making new discoveries, new solutions and new insights on certain things, problems and viewpoints. Its characteristic is to surpass or break through people's inherent knowledge, so that people can "go up a storey still higher". Therefore, creative thinking is the catalyst of creative ability. Asking questions is an effective means to inspire creative thinking.

Therefore, teachers should be good at asking questions, guiding students to think independently and keeping students active in class. Make students grasp the key points and break through the difficulties through specific questions. Einstein once said: "Imagination is more important than knowledge, because' knowledge is limited, and imagination sums up everything in the world, promotes progress and is the source of knowledge evolution'.

Imagination refers to the psychological process of creating new images through new cooperation on the basis of perceptual materials. Through imagination, people can look at problems from the outside to the inside, from phenomenon to essence, from known to unknown, and their thinking activities have made a qualitative leap, and rich imagination can "bump" new sparks. Therefore, students' imaginative thinking should be induced in the teaching process.

4. Master research methods and improve practical ability.

Scientific research method is the most effective means to realize innovation ability. Any new discovery and new scientific achievements must be studied in a scientific way and tested and demonstrated in practice. Therefore, the basic procedures for teachers to let students master scientific inquiry methods are: asking questions, making assumptions, making plans, implementing plans and drawing conclusions.

In classroom teaching, students' practical ability is mainly cultivated through experiments, and the traditional demonstration experiments are changed as much as possible. Confirmatory experiment is exploratory experiment; In addition, students can be provided with certain background materials and experimental supplies, so that students can ask questions according to specific background materials, design their own experimental schemes, and finally draw conclusions through experimental observation, analysis, thinking and discussion.

Only in this way can we cultivate students' cooperative spirit and creative ability. Sometimes experiments may not achieve the expected results. At this time, teachers should guide students to analyze the causes of failure, find out the factors that affect the experimental results, learn from them, and conduct experiments again until satisfactory results are obtained. This not only improves students' practical ability, but also cultivates their frustration tolerance.

5, teachers should have the ability and knowledge structure.

In modern society, the growth and renewal of knowledge and the emergence of new disciplines promote the renewal of teaching content and curriculum reform, calling for lifelong education. Continuous learning has become an inevitable requirement of modern people. Teachers should adapt to the development of modern education, constantly learn new knowledge and update their knowledge structure. Inheritance is learning; Innovation is also learning.

Teachers must improve their self-study ability through the following ways: purposeful learning; Be able to learn selectively; Able to learn independently; Self-regulation in learning. Finally, I embarked on the road of independent innovation learning, guiding learning with learning and guiding teaching with learning.

At the same time, teachers' knowledge structure must be reasonable. Teachers in modern society cannot just use yesterday's knowledge to teach today's students to adapt to tomorrow's society. As a teacher, we should not only have extensive scientific and cultural knowledge, but also have knowledge of psychology and pedagogy in order to meet the needs of modern development and better teach students.

6. Use new information to inspire innovation.

In modern society, teachers should cultivate students' ability to collect and process the latest information. With the rapid development of science and technology, new technologies and new achievements are constantly emerging, and the ever-changing information comes one after another, which is dizzying. Only by constantly acquiring and storing new information and mastering the latest trend of scientific development can we have a keen insight into things and generate innovative inspiration.

Otherwise, innovation will become water without a source and a tree without a root. Therefore, it is necessary to guide students to obtain new information through various channels, such as libraries, television, newspapers, the Internet and social surveys. , thus laying a solid knowledge foundation for innovation. Only in this way can we build the strategic position of science, grasp the trend of scientific development, and make the innovation ability bear fruitful results.

Extended data

The construction of practical teaching system should follow the following three basic principles:

1, characteristic principle

Characteristics are the source of school survival and development. Therefore, it is the principle of keeping pace with the times to establish a talent education and training mode with quality education as the core, technical application ability training as the main line, adaptability training as the key and Industry-University-Research combination as the way.

2. Practical principles

The construction of practical teaching system should fully reflect the requirements of professional posts and is closely related to the development of professional post groups. Based on this principle, a practical teaching system with distinct levels and clear division of labor is formed. For example, the experimental practice teaching platform can be divided into three steps: basic experimental skills training platform, professional post skills training platform and professional post practice platform.

3. The principle of mixing

Mixed teaching is embodied in the mixing of teachers' types, theoretical teaching and practical teaching, classroom and laboratory, etc. It dilutes the boundaries between theoretical teaching and practical teaching, professional teachers and practical instructors, and classroom and laboratory, breaks the traditional layout of setting up laboratories according to disciplines, reorganizes practical teaching facilities, and forms an integrated mixed practical teaching model.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Practice Teaching

Baidu encyclopedia-innovation education