How to plant Dendrobium

Dendrobium mainly adopts ramet propagation,

Cutting and axillary bud propagation can also be used. In recent years, tissue culture has also been used for rapid propagation, but the transplanting technology is difficult and inexperienced.

1. ramet propagation

It can be done in both spring and autumn. It is best to sow in late March to early April before germination. Select 1, 2-year-old plants with strong growth, well-developed roots, many sprouts and no diseases and insect pests as seeds, dig them out one by one, divide them into several clusters according to the number of stems, cut off dead stems, broken branches and excessive fibrous roots, leave 2-5 strong stems in each cluster, and cut the bark into fish scales at intervals of 30cm. Then paste it with sludge slurry mixed with cow dung, sewage sludge, etc. Trim off some branches and leaves that are too dense on the cultivation trees and plant them on rocks by light. Then, select a big stone bag with moss and plant it in a recess or gap, such as bare stone without gap. After artificial gap, put the Dendrobium seed plant in the gap, press the root of Dendrobium with small stones, and coat the soil and manure around it to make it firm.

2. Cutting

The matrix of the bed insert can be humus or vermiculite, and a shade shed is provided. When cutting, Dendrobium is divided into plants, each plant is 1, the plant spacing is about 10 cm, and the depth is that the stem does not fall. After transplanting, water it often and keep it moist. When the axillary buds germinate and grow white aerial roots, put the single plant horizontally on the bed, press it with pebbles, and cover it with fine humus soil about 2 cm thick. When the buds grow to 3-5 cm thick,

Transplant the split branches to the trunk or stone. It is also possible to cut the stem of 3-year-old Dendrobium into two sections when harvesting, and the lower section is processed into commodities, and the upper section is used as propagation material. Place the upper segment horizontally on the wet flat stone, apply a thin layer of mud manure on the stone plate before placing, press the lower segment with small stones after placing, and transplant when axillary buds and aerial roots grow into seedlings.

3. axillary bud propagation

Axillary buds often germinate at the upper end of the stem of 3-year-old Dendrobium, and aerial roots grow. When the axillary buds grow to 5-7 cm high, they can be cut off from the mother stem and transplanted.

Second, on-site management

1. water

After planting Dendrobium, it is necessary to keep the environment moist, so that the plant can grow well. In case of drought, water properly, but not too much, so as not to accumulate water and rot roots, resulting in plant death.

kill off weed

Dendrobium planted on trees rarely grows weeds, while those planted on stones are often overgrown with weeds, which should be pulled out at any time and checked in case of dead branches.

3. Top dressing

Top dressing is started in the second year after planting, twice a year. The first time was in April, one or more of oil cake, oil feet, pig hair, bean dregs or human hair were mixed with cow dung, fertilizer mud, calcium magnesium phosphate fertilizer and a small amount of nitrogen fertilizer, and then applied thinly around the rhizosphere of Dendrobium after fermentation.

Promote the growth of buds. The second time,165438+1early October, the same mud fertilizer was applied around the roots of Dendrobium, and the temperature was kept for the winter.

prune

Before Dendrobium germinates every spring, when harvesting Dendrobium, some old branches, dead branches and over-dense stems should be cut off to promote the germination of strong new stems. Those planted on trees should also cut off branches that are too dense to make the light transmission moderate.

Third, pest control.

leaf spot

It often occurs in early summer, with dark brown spots on young leaves, yellow around the spots, gradually spreading to the whole leaf, and finally the leaves turn yellow and fall off. Spraying 1: 1: 150 bordeaux solution or 50% carbendazim 1000 times solution for prevention and control.

Fourth, harvesting and processing.

1. Harvest

It can be harvested 2-3 years after planting, but the longer the growth period, the more stems and the higher the yield. It can be harvested all year round, and the best time is from early October of 165438+ to early March of the following year. At this time, Dendrobium stopped growing, the branches and stems were full and full, and the drying speed was fast. You can use scissors when harvesting.

The branches and stems below should be harvested old and tender, and cut big and small. It is forbidden to uproot the whole plant so that it can continue to grow and harvest every year.

The second step process

The processing method varies according to the origin and type. In addition to fresh use,

ordinary

It can be dried or dried. Dendrobium is usually harvested in winter in Sichuan. After removing the leaves and fibrous roots, pile them together, cover them with straw or straw mats, spray water every 2-3 days, and retting 15-20 days. After grinding the sheath off the stem with rice husk, the kang is dry, and the firepower should be uniform, but not too big. Cover with straw mats and sacks, turn them once when they are half dry, and the kang will be completely dry. When processing in Guangxi, first blanch it with boiling water, and then dry it or dry it while it is hot. The short parts of Dendrobium officinale and other plants are mainly selected to be processed into "Xifeng beans" and baked with slow fire to soften them.

After being twisted into a spiral or spring shape, it is baked again, repeatedly rubbed and baked for several times until the shape remains unchanged, and finally completely dried. In the process of processing, the redundant fine roots should be removed, leaving only two taps, and at the same time, the fine tip at the stem end should be kept intact, called phoenix tail. Generally, 0.25-0.75 kg of fresh Dendrobium can be harvested per clump, and the ratio of fresh to dry is 5-7: 1.