Traditional Culture Encyclopedia - Traditional stories - Lin Xiangru's date of birth, where he lives and who his parents are. ...

Lin Xiangru's date of birth, where he lives and who his parents are. ...

Lin (surname)

Lin Xiangru, whose native place and date of birth and death are unknown, was a courtier of Miao Xian, the eunuch leader of Zhao State, and a famous politician, diplomat and strategist during the Warring States Period.

Heshi wall storm

In 283 BC, King Huiwen of Zhao was awarded He Shibi of the State of Chu. According to legend, this treasure jade was discovered in the mountains by Bian He, a native of Chu in the Spring and Autumn Period. Originally a piece of jade, it was presented to Li and Li successively. The jade worker said it was a stone, and the king was angry. Bian He's left and right feet were cut off, and the king of Chu acceded to the throne. Bian He is crying on the mountain with Yuyu. When King Wen knew about it, he asked someone to cut open Yupu, and sure enough, he got a rare piece of jade, so he named it "Heshibi".

Zhao Haoqi of Qin heard that Zhao Haoqi of Zhao had become the new owner of this treasure jade, and he wanted it very much, so he sent someone to see King Zhao Huiwen. In the letter, he expressed his willingness to exchange fifteen cities of Qin for this treasure jade of Zhao.

Zhao Huiwen got the letter and couldn't make up his mind at once. Embarrassed, he called General Lian Po and other ministers to discuss countermeasures. If the wall of Heshi is given to Qin, I am afraid that Qin will not really exchange fifteen cities and be cheated in vain; If you don't give it, Qin is strong and Zhao is weak, and you are afraid that Qin will send troops to attack Zhao. In a dilemma, I wanted to send a special envoy to the state of Qin to negotiate, but I couldn't find a suitable candidate.

Be elected to Zhao Ting.

Just then, Miao Xian, the eunuch chief, came out and said, "I have a courtier named Lin Xiangru who is both wise and brave. It is better to send him to Qin. " The prince of Zhao asked, "How do you know he can go to the State of Qin? Miao first said to the king of Zhao, "I have offended the king before, and I am afraid that you will be punished, and I plan to secretly escape to the state of Yan." When Lin Xiangru learned about this, he dissuaded me and said,' How do you know that the prince will accept you?' I told him:' Once I followed the king to the border to meet the prince. At that time, the prince held my hand privately and expressed his willingness to make friends with me. So I decided to go to Yan State to take refuge in the Prince of Yan. "Lin Xiangru listened and said,' Zhao is stronger than Wei Yan, and you are the favorite of the prince of Zhao, so the prince is willing to make friends with you. Now you have sinned against the prince of Zhao. If you flee to the state of Yan, the prince is afraid of Zhao and will never dare to take you in. He will only tie you up and send you back to Zhao. At that time, your life will be in jeopardy. Now, why don't you take off your clothes, lie naked on the axe, and go to the king in person to confess your guilt and ask for punishment. The king is kind, maybe you can get his forgiveness. I listened and did, and you really forgave me. So I think Lin Xiangru can go to the State of Qin and complete the task successfully. ”。

The king of Zhao sent for Lin Xiangru and asked, "Now the king of Qin wants to exchange fifteen cities for Hebi. Can you promise? " Lin Xiangru said: "Qiang Qin Zhao Wei, we have to agree." The king of Zhao asked again, "What if the king of Qin seized the city wall and refused to give it to Zhao?" Lin Xiangru said, "That's true, but Qin exchanged fifteen cities for the Wall of Harmony. If Zhao disagrees, it will be our fault, and Qin will have an excuse to attack Zhao. " If Zhao gave the city wall to Qin, and Qin refused to give the city to Zhao, then Qin would be in the wrong. Comparatively speaking, I think it is best to promise Qin to send the wall and let Qin bear the responsibility of unreasonable troubles. "After a pause, he said," I don't think the king has a suitable candidate now. I would rather go to Qin. If Qin really gave these cities to Zhao, I would leave Baoyu in Qin. "If Qin doesn't hand over the city, I will bring Baoyu back unscathed."

Therefore, King Huiwen of Zhao appointed Lin Xiangru as the ambassador, took the Heshi wall to the west, and became the ambassador of Qin.

Qin Tingzhi has changed.

King Qin Zhao received Lin Xiangru at Zhangtai (the name of Qin Gong, the former site of Xi Xishui, Shaanxi Province), and Lin Xiangru dedicated the wall to the king of Qin, who accepted it. Look at the brocade symbol again. It turns out to be pure white and flawless, with jewels and flawless carving. This is really a rare treasure, and I am very happy. I handed it to the concubines, civil and military ministers and attendants in turn, and everyone cooed "Long live" and congratulated the king of Qin.

After that, for a long time, the king of Qin never talked about changing walls with the city. Lin Xiangru knew that the king of Qin would never change the wall with the city, and he had a plan. He said to the king of Qin, "This treasure jade is very good, but it has some flaws. Let me show it to the king. " Hearing this, the king of Qin handed over the city wall to him. Lin Xiangru held the wall, quickly retreated, leaned against the post, and his hair stood on end. He shouted to the king of Qin seriously, "Your Majesty wants this beautiful jade. Write to Wang Zhao. He promised to exchange fifteen cities. At that time, the prince of Zhao called the minister of civil and military affairs to discuss, saying that Qin was insatiable and powerful, and wanted to trick Baoyu into Zhao with a few empty words. No one agreed to send the wall. But I think: even if people make friends, they will not cheat each other, not to mention Qin is a big country. In addition, we can't hurt the harmony between the two countries because of a wall. So I listened to my words, fasted for five days, wrote my credentials and sent me to see Qin. Attitude is so respectful. But the king met me when the general left the palace, and his attitude was so arrogant. The king casually handed over such precious Baoyu to the maid-in-waiting attendants to watch, which was obviously teasing me and disrespecting Zhao. I don't think the king has the sincerity to exchange the city for the wall, so I want it back. If the king must force me, I would rather smash my head and this treasure jade on the post. " With that, he raised the wall, stared at the post and threw it at it on airs.

The king of Qin was afraid that Lin Xiangru would hit the wall, so he apologized and told him not to do that. One side asked the official in charge of the map to send the map. The king of Qin spread out a map and said to Lin Xiangru, fifteen cities from here to there are ready to be distributed to Zhao. Lin Xiangru thought that the king of Qin was just putting on airs now and would never give the city to Zhao, so he said to the king of Qin; "This, like the city wall, is recognized as a treasure in the world. The prince of Zhao likes it very much, but he is afraid of the powerful state of Qin. Dare not give it to the king of Qin. When I sent this wall away, the prince of Zhao fasted for five days and held a grand ceremony in the court. Now, if the king wants to accept this wall, he should fast for five days and then hold a ceremony for nine guests in court before I can dedicate this wall to the king. " The king of Qin thought that Lin Xiangru had the wall, so he promised to fast for five days. Then, he sent someone to send Lin Xiangru to Guangcheng Hotel to rest.

When he arrived at the hotel, Lin Xiangru thought that although the king of Qin promised to fast for five days, he would not really give the city to Zhao, so he chose an effective attendant, dressed him in coarse clothes, dressed as an ordinary person, and quietly rushed back to Zhao from the path overnight. In addition, the king of Qin pretended to fast for five days and held a grand ceremony of nine guests in the court. The ministers of civil and military affairs were on both sides, ordering Lin Xiangru to offer the wall.

Return the perfect wall in Zhao Yi.

Lin Xiangru came to the imperial court, saluted the king of Qin, and said, "Since Qin Mugong, there have been twenty-one kings in Qin, and none of them kept his promise. I was afraid of being cheated by the king and felt sorry for Zhao, so I sent someone to take the city wall from Qin, and I was afraid that I had already arrived in Zhao. " The king of Qin was very angry. Lin Xiangru still said calmly: "Today's trend; Qin Guoqiang, Zhao Weak, and Qi Weiwang sent messengers to the wall of Zhao, who dared not disobey. Send me to the wall at once. Now, if Qin really ceded 15 cities to Zhao Guolai in exchange for the Great Wall, how dare Zhao Guo demand the cities of Qin to offend the king? The crime of deceiving the monarch is so heinous that I have no hope of survival. Now, please put me in a frying pan and boil me to death, so that the ministers can know that Qin killed Zhao's emissary for a wall, and the reputation of the king can spread all over the world. "

The plot of the king of Qin was thoroughly exposed, and he could not refute it, so he had to smile bitterly. The minister bodyguard around the king of Qin suggested killing Lin Xiangru, but was stopped by the king of Qin. The King of Qin said, "Even if we kill Lin Xiangru now, there will be no walls. On the contrary, it will damage the friendship between Qin and Zhao and the reputation of Qin. It is better to take the opportunity to treat him well and let him go back to Zhao. "

So the king of Qin still received Lin Xiangru in court according to the ceremony of nine guests; Then politely send him back to China. After that, Qin refused to give fifteen cities to Zhao, and Zhao naturally would not give the city walls to Qin.

Mianchi Zhihui

In 282 BC, Qin sent generals to take Zhao Jian (now Lishi County, Shanxi Province) and Qi (now Qixian County, Shanxi Province). The following year, Qin sent troops to capture Shicheng of Zhao (now southwest of Park County, Henan Province); Another year later, we attacked Zhao again and the two countries went to war. Zhao lost more than twenty thousand troops, but his offensive also stopped.

In 279 BC (the twentieth year of Zhao Huiwen), in order to concentrate on attacking Chu, Qin wanted to make peace with Zhao, so he sent messengers to see Zhao and asked him to meet him in Mianchi (now Mianchi County, Henan Province) outside Xihe River to cultivate mutual friendship. The prince of Zhao was afraid and couldn't think of going. General Lian Po discussed with the doctor Lin Xiangru that it was not good for the Prince of Zhao not to go. He advised the king of Zhao to go: "If the king of Qin doesn't go, it will appear that Zhao Guoli is timid. It is better to go. " The prince of Zhao listened to Lian and Lin's advice, and Lin Xiangru followed the prince of Zhao.

Lian Po led the army to send the prince of Zhao to the border, and they parted ways. He said to the prince of Zhao, "The round trip to Mianchi this time, plus the time for the meeting, is estimated to last no more than 30 days. In case of any eventuality, if the king has not returned after this date, please allow us to make the prince king, so as to cut off the idea of Qin detaining the king and threatening Zhao. " Wang Zhao agreed. Lian Po also deployed a large number of troops on the border to guard against the attack of Qin.

Forcing the king of Qin to attack

When I arrived at Mianchi, I met the King of Qin, and the two sides saluted each other, so we chatted at the banquet. Halfway through the wine, the king of Qin said to the king of Zhao, "I heard that you like playing the piano. I have a harp here, please play a song for fun! " The prince of Zhao dared not refuse, so he had to play a song. At this time, Qin Yushi came over and wrote on the bamboo slips: On a certain day, the king of Qin and the king of Zhao gave a banquet in Mianchi, and the king of Qin ordered the king of Zhao to play the piano.

Seeing this displeasure, Lin Xiangru went up to the king of Qin and said, "The king of Zhao heard that the king of Qin was good at playing clay pots. I have a hammer here. Please knock it and make everyone happy. " The king of Qin flew into a rage and refused to agree. Lin Xiangru took the ribbon and presented it to the king of Qin, who still refused to knock at the door. Lin Xiangru said, "Now I am only five steps away from the King. If the king doesn't agree, I will fight to the death and spill blood all over you. " It means fighting hard with the king of Qin.

Seeing that the king of Qin was threatened, the guards of the king of Qin hurriedly drew their swords to kill Lin Xiangru. Lin Xiangru stare eyes, drink, guards repeatedly retreat. The king of Qin was very unhappy and had to knock a few times. Lin Xiangru turned to Zhao's suggestion and wrote it down: On a certain day in a certain year, the king of Zhao and the king of Qin held a banquet in Mianchi, and the king of Zhao ordered the king of Qin to knock chopsticks to entertain guests.

When the ministers of Qin saw that the king of Qin did not take advantage, they said, "Please give the king of Zhao fifteen cities for his birthday!" Lin Xiangru did not show weakness, saying, "Please ask the king of Qin to take Xianyang (the capital of Qin State, now the east of Xianyang County, Shaanxi Province) to bless the king of Zhao!"

Until the end of the banquet, in order to safeguard the dignity of the country, Lin Xiangru bravely and tactfully waged a tit-for-tat and indomitable struggle with the monarch and minister of Qin State, and defeated the plot of Qin State. Qin also knew that Lian Po's army was stationed at the border and was not good at fighting, so he had to respectfully send Zhao and his subjects home. After that, the war between Qin and Zhao was temporarily stopped.

Respondent: yxm 2458- Juren Level 5 3-2 1 18: 17.

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