General situation of politics, economy, religion and culture in ancient western European countries

Western European civilization is both ancient and developing in world history. Aegean civilization first appeared in more than 2000 BC, and has gone through more than 4000 years, which is later than Sumerian civilization, Egyptian civilization and Babylonian civilization, and has a long historical tradition similar to Chinese civilization and Indian civilization. Huntington believes that the emergence of the West (civilization here refers to western European civilization) can be traced back to 700 AD to around 800 AD. This statement is not accurate, because the cultural revival of Frank Charlemagne Empire and Caroline Dynasty in the 8th and 9th centuries can only be said to have basically completed the feudalization of Western Europe and formed the Christian civilized world in Western Europe. At that time, Scandinavians were still "barbarians" and had not yet entered the threshold of Western European civilization. Excluding western European classical civilization (including Greek classical civilization, Hellenistic civilization and Roman civilization) and western European early medieval civilization from the 5th century to the 7th century, western European civilization has become water without a source and a tree without roots. Western European civilization has made great historical achievements and made great contributions to the progress of human civilization. The civilization in this region has also brought slavery, oppression, war and aggression to the people of western Europe and the world, leaving a historical lesson worthy of deep reflection. Western European civilization occupies an important position in the historical pattern of world civilization, no matter in the sense of shun and reverse.

"Western European Civilization" is a form of civilization that grew up in western Europe as the main region, but its concept does not simply define this special civilization by region, but refers to a broad cultural isomorphism. "Western Europe" here does not only refer to Western Europe, but also includes the northern, western and southern parts of Europe. Throughout Europe, except the eastern part of Europe, where Slavs are the main residents, it is the coverage of western European civilization. Historically, Western European civilization was not confined to Western Europe, and Asia Minor Peninsula (hereinafter referred to as Asia Minor) was once the cradle of Western European civilization. In the Greek era and the Roman Empire era, the formation and folk display of Western European civilization made an important contribution, and it was only after the Middle Ages that Western European civilization formed the basic pattern of the development of Western European civilizations. "Civilization" is not only a category in the sense of geography, race, religion and language, but also refers to the essential power of human beings to realize themselves in practice. The sum of material culture, institutional culture and spiritual culture created is a comprehensive form of economic structure, political structure and cultural spirit in a specific historical stage. Western European civilization has always been multi-ethnic. The reason why these nations and countries belong to Western European civilization is that in the social and historical development, although their economic, political and cultural characteristics are different and unbalanced, they all inherit the same historical and cultural traditions. They have all experienced similar structural forms of staged civilization, and all have similar mainstream cultural values in a specific historical period. "Western European civilization" refers to the multi-ethnic and multi-ethnic cultural identity in Western Europe, which does not hide the diversity of Western European civilization.