I am a small reporter, I would like to ask how to write an interview outline and investigative report

General news coverage also attaches great importance to the preliminary work of the interview, the reporter should be good at studying and analyzing the information, and use this as a basis for writing an outline of the interview. But this data analysis is limited, the interview outline is also rough. Because the main purpose of the general news interview is to get a relatively independent facts. Therefore, as long as the reporter is adept at asking questions, he or she will often get something. However, the depth of a single, relatively independent fact is not enough for in-depth reporting. Probing on Why (Why) and How (How) makes the collection and research of background information an area where journalists expend a lot of energy in the pre-interview work of in-depth reporting.

First of all, through the study and analysis of the state of social reality and development and change, to find the audience generally concerned about the hot and difficult issues. The ability to accurately, sensitively and visionarily choose the subject matter of the report is directly related to the success of in-depth reporting. This requires journalists to have a keen sense of real life and a wise grasp of social dynamics. China Youth Daily's "Freezing Point" is a column that excels in in-depth reporting. Those news events that seem to be cold spots are precisely the "tip of the iceberg" of social hotspots and difficult issues for a period of time, and journalists find suitable topics through painstaking investigation and research in the messy and trivial clues. The news reporter through painstaking investigation and research in the messy and trivial clues to find the appropriate subject matter of the report.

Secondly, the collection and analysis of background information. The background of news events include: supplementary historical information, show the interrelationship between the information, provide the necessary experience of the character of the information, data facts, etc., collect and analyze these background materials for in-depth coverage of the interview is very important for the preparation of the interview, the whole process of the report also has a far-reaching role in promoting, including to help the reporter to get the opportunity to interview, and quickly into the role of the interview and interviews to obtain It helps the reporter to get interview opportunities, quickly enter the interview role and gain the trust of the interviewee. In order to have an exclusive interview with Dr. Kissinger, CCTV reporter Shui Junyi analyzed Dr. Kissinger's character traits on the basis of a large amount of relevant background materials, then directly contacted Kissinger's office by phone for an interview, and also explained to the office staff in person the benefits of an interview with Kissinger, which ultimately led to the acceptance of an exclusive interview with Kissinger.

Finally, the development of a comprehensive, in-depth, clear outline of the interview. Interview outline is the embodiment of the reporter's logical thinking and thinking about the level of the problem, a good interview outline, can help the reporter firm confidence, the front does not mess, grasp the initiative of the interview, so that the interview to get the perfect result. Du Junfei mentioned in his book "Principles of In-depth Reporting" that Larue Gilliland, a professor of journalism in Nevada, had introduced an auxiliary formula for designing questions in drawing up interview outlines, which is of certain guiding significance. He reminded journalists that they should address some of the following specific issues when designing their questions:

Goal - What is the goal you (or the organization) are trying to achieve?

Obstacles - Have you encountered any challenges? What is the current resistance?

Resolution - How have you dealt with these difficulties? Is there a plan to resolve the conflicts?

Beginning - When did this idea begin? On whose advice was it based?

Of course, the development of an interview outline also has a lot to do with the reporter's own interviewing habits and communication style, but ensuring that the questions are unique, accurate, coherent, creative, and engaging is an even more important factor.

In the final analysis, an interview is nothing more than a lively and thoughtful conversation, specific questioning techniques include:

1, seize the core issue, open the door, to the point. This method is the beginning of a hard, tightly themed questions, and then expanded into more general questions. It is suitable for interviewing subjects who are articulate, keen thinkers and feel confident. Getting to the point will make the other person feel that you are frank and efficient, and getting to the point can make the other person feel that you know your stuff and are worth talking to.

2, from shallow to deep, pursuing the question, to discover the unknown details. In-depth coverage of the question there are many acute problems, sometimes it is inevitable that the reporter hit a wall, the subject of the interview is either restrained and uneasy, stammering, talk about the key points, or have the intention to refuse, blinking words, to be perfunctory. This requires the reporter to have the perseverance and skills to pursue the question. You can first use some broad topics to ease the atmosphere, and gradually introduce the main topic; or side-tracking, back to the source, leading to unknown details.

3, induced questioning, leading to a lively, argumentative conversation. In the induced questioning, the interviewee must have good sensitivity and willingness to argue, while the reporter needs to master the timing of the conversation, the use of tone of voice, tone or wording to lure the other party to make a positive answer. What kind of result will be produced by induced questioning depends on the degree of rapport established between the reporter and the interviewee. Because induced questioning tends to bring the conversation to a point of give and take, but as long as the rapport is maintained, it may lead to unexpected truths.

4, moderate silence. Silence is also an important skill in the depth of the interview questioning, because the depth of the questioning is more of a point, targeted, exclusive type of questioning, the need to give the interviewee time to think and elaborate on the problem. Smart reporters generally do not interrupt the words of the interviewee, so that you may get the situation that you can not get by direct questioning. Deliberately unobtrusive, sometimes equally effective. The famous American TV host Mike Wallace said: "I found that the most interesting practice in TV interviews is to ask a nice question, and when the other party has finished answering you and then silent for three or four seconds, as if you are still looking forward to more of his answer. You know what happens? The other person will feel a little embarrassed and talk more to you."

Watch and listen well to capture the facts that don't show up in the interview Q&A. Afon reminds all journalists, "Don't forget to bring your eyes and ears to the interview. We emphasize observation and listening because in-depth reporting interviews require journalists to devote themselves wholeheartedly to many little-known reasons and precious news facts, are journalists to mobilize all the senses, including the heart to perceive.

(1) Choose the right perspective for meticulous observation. This perspective may refer to the macro, to grasp the things interrelated global perspective; may also refer to the reporter's personal feelings, thoughts perspective; may also refer to the micro-perspective in the field observation. In short, the correct perspective coupled with careful observation, will allow the reporter to obtain accurate, direct, characteristic information.

(2) to be an attentive listener, kwong yun miao in the "contemporary news interviewing science," put forward: a reporter, especially a sophisticated reporter, should be the most good at listening to people, rather than chatter. Indeed, journalists who are good at listening are often more likely to be fruitful and communicate with their interviewees. The fleeting news clues, talk to the subject of the string outside the voice, will be because of your intention to listen to be discovered, the comprehension of the news facts may be closer to its original face.

Specific requirements for the interview:

1. Reservation of time and address;

2. Formulation of the second program if there is any change;

3. Formulation of the content of the interview, including preparation of the questions;

4. Background understanding of the subject of the interview and collection of information beforehand;

5. Prior knowledge of the history of CUHK (including the recreational park and

6. Ask the interviewee in advance about the possibility of recording and taking photos;

7. Grasp the subject matter (try not to stray from the topic) and control the time when the interview is being conducted;

8. Interact with the interviewee when the interview is being conducted;

9. Pay attention to your own facial expression and speed of speech during the interview, and speak in a clear and concise manner;

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10. Ask questions when you are not sure about something during the interview, and absolutely avoid subjective fabrications and additions;

11. Ask if you can provide relevant information after the interview;

12. Give a certain gift to show your appreciation;

13. Send the finished interview back to the interviewee, ask him/her to look it over, and then allow him/her to modify it as appropriate;

14. p>14. Send a copy of the final publication to the interviewee and thank them again.

14. Send a copy of the final publication to the interviewee and thank him/her again.