Antiques from Zheng Feng.

"It's March 3 again, and kites are flying all over the sky." China is the hometown of kites. In the vast historical sky of thousands of years, there are many stories of kites, full of ups and downs and swaying the east wind.

Looking through that pile of old paper, the earliest record about kites is probably Mozi Luwen: "Gong defeat (Lu Ban) thought he was a magpie when he cut bamboo and wood, but he didn't expect to fly three days later. Gong defeat thought he was very clever." However, Mozi believes that the emergence of public transportation is not as great as the contribution of car makers to car management. But this is, after all, the starting point of human dream of flying. There is another version of this story: Mozi is a wooden kite, which was made in three years and lost in one day. Disciple said, "Sir, you are so smart that you can make a wooden kite fly." Mozi thinks it is not as practical as car jurisdiction. See "Everything is done wrong, the foreign reserve says left".

The public or Mozi bamboo kite didn't have a paper body until Cai Lun made paper. At this time, it is called paper kite, paper crane, paper owl, wind kite and so on. Legend has it that in the late Five Dynasties, Ye Li put bamboo as a flute on the head of a kite, and the wind blew like A Zheng, so it was called a kite. However, the name kite has existed since the Tang Dynasty. By the Tang Dynasty, flying kites had become a common game for children.

Gao Pian's poem "Kite" in the Tang Dynasty said: "The static string rings blue at night, and the palace merchants believe in the wind. It's like a song, but it is blown by the wind. " In the Tang Dynasty, a story of "flying a kite to catch an eagle" was recorded in Youyang Miscellanies: "Emperor Qianlong of Zhongzong invited a bachelor to hunt, and there were two eagles, which made me look up. Some people put down their frustration and cried and said,' I can stand it.' So he hung the dead mouse on the kite, "let it go and catch it". As expected, two sculptures "hit the kite tray", and Zhongzong took the opportunity to kill them.

In the Song Dynasty, it was recorded in the Legend of Wulin that there was a spring trip to the West Lake, and "the young lang on the bridge competed for kites and seduced each other." . Of course, this possibility is not ruled out. ) pull and cut, if there is no thread, it will be negative. Although this is a small skill, it is also specialized. "In the post of" Full Color Geisha Artist ",it was also mentioned that there were two famous kites flying at that time, and on Wednesday, they were partial to Lu. At that time, there were small brokers and kite sellers. Xiao Lizhi, a poet in the Song Dynasty, once wrote: "Do you know anything about farming in the city? But dare to fly a kite. "Farmers are willing to rain and farm in time; City people only hate that there is no sunny day and they can't fly kites. Is the kite itself sunny or rainy?

Hou Meng, a poet in the Song Dynasty, is worried about his writing work and imperial examinations every year. At the age of thirty-one, I got a rural tribute. People often make fun of him. A few years ago this spring, young people put a big kite with a portrait of Hou Meng in the air. The kite is swinging in the air, and so is the portrait of Hou Meng, which is very funny (about using the current comic brushwork? ), the scene is very interesting. Unexpectedly, after seeing it, Hou Meng not only didn't laugh, but also said poetically, "I want to write a word on this kite, so it's better to match it." When the young man took the kite down, Hou Meng wrote, "Who will believe it if you don't meet the loose-packed?" Today, Fang Biao has nowhere to be found. A good craftsman has no reason to describe it. When the wind is light, it will jump into the sky. ? I have to boast that I am making steady progress. I just doubt that I will go to the moon. After the rain, the sunset glow is red, and several people are watching me in the blue sky on the ground. "Soon, Hou Meng took another science exam and won the first prize in one fell swoop. By the time he was in his fifties, his official position was quite high. I wonder if the kite helped him.

Xu Wenchang, a legendary figure in Ming Dynasty, was a talented scholar in the south of the Yangtze River. In his later years, he made a living by selling paintings. Around the age of 70, he painted many pictures of wind and kites, that is, children flying kites. There are also many poems about the wind and kites, which are also very interesting: First, "the spring breeze is full of words, and the flute goes to sleep." At this time, I don't steal my mother's bank, and the Ming Dynasty pays off. "Isn't it a pity not to fly kites in beautiful spring? The little urchin conspired to steal his mother's thread, which was justified and natural. Regarding the importance of loving mothers, is it possible to steal wires? Second: "The kite is not at home, and my husband has no place to take it. Someone pointed out that in the suburbs of spring, the red shirt under the snow was him. Chun Xue is still disabled, and this son can't wait to fly a kite. The road is far away, and the snow is red. How comfortable it is to play truant and fly kites! Who doesn't have teenage children? People don't play truant and waste their youth! Third: "I used to let harriers fight, but now I'm not that old." "How can I stay in Chunma and watch the child disconnect?" The 70-year-old man was stationed in Malaysia, watching the children disconnect. I'm afraid I secretly snickered and remembered that I was so naughty. Xu Wenchang's childlike innocence is so lovely!

Legend has it that someone once asked him to draw a kite with big, rotten paper, but he refused to pay more. Legend has it that someone once asked him to draw a kite with big, rotten paper, but he refused to pay more. Xu Wenchang first draws a kite in the upper right corner, and then draws a child in the lower left corner, with a blank in the middle, and it's over. It is very possible to think about it, and it is also very interesting to think about it!

In the novel "Eight Diagrams of Yin and Yang", Feng Jicai wrote a strange man-Yin Shoushi. He even drew a kite that is two feet long. This is the way of painting: he first draws a boy in the lower corner of this head, then draws a kite in the upper corner of the distance, and then hits the little hand raised by the child, and a rope floats out. The game is blown by the wind, rising leisurely, flying into the distance, taking people away with air and drawing pens. Although there is only one line in a painting more than two feet long, there is a wind that slowly blows all over the paper. Absolutely!

In the Qing Dynasty, there was a play called Kite Mistakes by Li Daiweng. It was about a scholar Han Shixun who wrote a poem about kites at the request of his good friend Qi Shi. Unexpectedly, the kite fell into Zhanfu (this time it was an accident), and the second young lady Shu Juan and Shi Shi were on it. When Han Sheng saw the poem, he wrote it again in the name of Qi Sheng, and then floated the kite into Zhanfu (this time on purpose, did you take the kite as a courier? )。 Unexpectedly, this time it was won by the ugly and stubborn big miss Ai Juan, who asked her to have a private meeting in the name of Shu Juan, which triggered a series of interesting misunderstandings. In the end, of course, talents match beautiful women, stubborn men match bad wives, and everyone is happy.

In A Dream of Red Mansions, the page of Jinling Official Book's Judgment of Twelve Women in Spring shows a kite flying at the seaside, and the woman on board hides her face and cries. The verdict said, "Wangjiang has tears in his eyes, and a thousand miles away." On the fifteenth day of the first month, the Lantern Festival, the riddle of Tanchun or a kite shows her ending: "The child is on the back, and Qingming makeup is the most suitable. The hairspring is weak, so don't blame the east wind. " Finally, Tanchun married far away and really became a kite with a broken line. Cao Xueqin is a generalist. He can do better. Cao Xueqin discussed the tying and drawing methods of more than 40 kinds of kites in his book A Textual Research on Kites in the North and South, and pointed out that kites pay attention to the "four arts"-tying, pasting, painting and flying. In the seventieth chapter of A Dream of Red Mansions, people fly kites, including butterflies, beauties, geese, big fish, big crabs, red bats, soft-winged phoenixes, etc., as well as "a whip that is exquisite and happy and rings like a bell in mid-air". When flying kites, some people deliberately cut the kite string and let the kite fly away, thinking that this will let bad luck pass. This is the so-called "bad luck". In the book, Zijuan cut the kite in Daiyu's hand around the sub-line and said, "If you go, you can take all the roots of the disease away." But isn't Sister Lin still the "sad sick body"?

The ancients wrote many poems about kites. What I am most familiar with is the poem "Village Residence" by Gao Ding, a poet in Qing Dynasty, which I learned in primary school: the grass grows long and the warblers fly in February, and the willows on the embankment are drunk with spring smoke. The children came back from school early, so they were busy flying kites in the east wind. Since it is "early", it is really fun to be "busy".

According to Du Niang, China kites are still on display in museums in some countries. For example, a sign in the National Museum of the United States reads: "The earliest flying machines in the world were kites and rockets from China". The British Museum also called China's kite "the fifth great invention of China". According to historical records, China's kites were introduced to Europe around14th century, which played an important role in the invention of gliders and airplanes.

Weifang, Shandong, known as the kite capital, is worth visiting every April.