Research status of engineering geology in my country

After nearly 50 years of development, my country's engineering geology has today become a comprehensive discipline with rich research content, rigorous theoretical system, and Chinese characteristics, and it is an important member of the international engineering geology community.

Looking at the research field of engineering geology in China, it is quite broad.

The main aspects are as follows: 1. Research on rock mass engineering characteristics and the establishment of rock mass engineering geomechanics. A large number of rock mass engineering practices have encountered problems of deformation and damage of foundations, slopes and surrounding rocks in underground engineering, which prompted engineering geology to

Scientists, rock mechanics, and civil engineers pay attention to the study of rock mass medium properties, and realize that rock mass and rock are media that are both essentially different and interconnected.

In a series of rock mass engineering surveys, the famous engineering geologist Gu Dezhen and his colleagues found that the mechanical properties and behavior of the rock mass are mainly controlled by the distribution of weak structural surfaces, including layers, fracture surfaces, joints, schistosity, etc.

, making the rock mass a discontinuous, heterogeneous, and anisotropic medium.

They first started with geological construction, divided engineering geological rock groups, used geomechanics theoretical methods to study the formation mechanism and spatial distribution rules of structural planes, and then studied the structural characteristics of rock mass and classified the types of rock mass structure.

Then conduct rock mass mechanical tests and tests according to different structural types and engineering building requirements. Finally, based on the rock mass structural characteristics and mechanical properties, a mechanical model is established for mathematical simulation and stability analysis.

By organically combining engineering geology with geomechanics and rock mechanics, rock mass engineering geomechanics was created.

Its theoretical system, research ideas and methods are unique in the world.

Since the mid-1980s, an open research laboratory for engineering geomechanics has been established at the Institute of Geology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, attracting domestic scholars to collaborate and carry out research on cutting-edge engineering geology topics and problems that need to be solved in production.

The academic committee will discuss the development trends of engineering geology and the scientific research directions that should be formulated.

It has virtually become the research center of engineering geology in my country and promotes the continuous development of engineering geology in my country.

2. Research on regional engineering geology and regional crustal stability my country has a vast territory, is restricted by geological and natural geographical conditions, and has complex regional engineering geological conditions.

Therefore, regional engineering geology research is of great significance to the development and utilization of land resources, engineering planning and layout, and geological environmental protection.

As early as the late 1950s, the older generation of engineering geologists Liu Guochang, Zhang Xiangong, Jiang Daquan and others carried out this research work, published monographs and compiled national engineering geological zoning maps.

Over the past decades, relatively systematic regional engineering geology and environmental geology research has been carried out in major river basins, some provinces, and mountainous areas in the southwest and northwest, and a wealth of data has been accumulated.

After several years of hard work, the 1:4 million "China Engineering Geology Map and Instructions" edited by Ren Guolin was published for the first time in 1990, with a national engineering geological zoning map; in 1992, the 1:6 million version edited by Duan Yonghou was published

"China Environmental Geology Map System", the map system mainly focuses on engineering geology content.

It marks that my country's regional engineering geological environment research has achieved fruitful results.

The term "regional crustal stability" was first proposed by engineering geologists of the former Soviet Union, but no explanation or special research was given.

In the late 1950s, Chinese scholars Gu Dezhen and Liu Guochang advocated this research work.

Its meaning refers to the impact of ongoing geological and geophysical processes in the lithosphere on the surface of the earth's crust and the safety of engineering buildings, that is, the degree of impact of modern activities in the earth's crust on engineering safety.

Its research ideas are guided by geomechanics theory, emphasizing the study of geological structures as the basis, taking fracture activity, modern in-situ stress field and seismic activity as the main research content, and finally carry out regional stability classification, zoning and evaluation.

In this research field, Hu Haitao and others guided the selection of major project sites based on Li Siguang's "safety island" thinking and achieved important results.

For example, the successful site selection of Ertan Hydropower Station and Daya Bay Nuclear Power Plant.

The study of regional crustal stability is of special significance to my country's engineering geological survey. This is also a research field with Chinese characteristics and a leading position in the world.

3. Research on environmental engineering geology and geological disasters Environmental engineering geology is a branch of modern engineering geology. It studies regional engineering geological effects caused by human engineering-economic activities and endangers human and engineering safety.

These harmful engineering geological effects can induce earthquakes, land subsidence, ground subsidence, land desertification, landslides, debris flows, etc. They often lead to geological disasters.

Environmental engineering geology is to study the mechanisms and conditions that produce these effects (or problems), to predict and prevent them, with the purpose of rationally utilizing and protecting the geological environment.

Our country's formal study of environmental engineering geology began with the earthquakes induced by the Xinfengjiang Reservoir and the ground subsidence in Shanghai in the 1960s.

Since the early 1980s, *** has held four national academic symposiums on environmental engineering geology, covering rich and varied content.

Some research results are in an advanced position internationally.

For example, the prevention and control of land subsidence in Shanghai and the regional landslide prediction model.

In 1995, the first "Introduction to Environmental Engineering Geology" written by Liu Chuanzheng was published, which comprehensively discussed the theoretical system of environmental engineering geology, basic research content, and the content and methods of research on various types of environmental engineering geology, demonstrating the application of environmental engineering geology.

prospect.