Classification of the Nine Major Industrial Industries in Guangdong Province

Comparative analysis of the process of industrial structure adjustment in Guangdong industry

China Statistical Information Network 2006-11-17 10:10:19

With the development of the industrialization process, Guangdong's industrial structure adjustment has been further deepened, with the industrial layout becoming more and more reasonable and the industrial structure being obviously optimized, and the heavy industry, pillar industry, high-tech industry and electronic information industry, etc., have played an important role in the province's The role of heavy chemical industry, pillar industry, high-tech industry, electronic information industry, etc. in the province's industry has been strengthened, and the endogenous economy has been increasing day by day, which has enlivened the industrial development of Guangdong.

The situation of industrial structure adjustment process of Guangdong industry

In the process of promoting the development of the industrialization process, the industrialization process of Guangdong Province has the same ****ness with other industrial countries or regions, and has obvious individuality. In particular, the industrial structure adjustment of Guangdong Province by the influence of relevant policies is quite obvious, such as "grasping the big and letting go of the small", "the construction of the Pearl River Delta information industry corridor", "support for the development of the private economy", "promoting the development of mountainous industries", "to promote the development of industrialization in the mountainous areas". During the period of 2000-2004, the industrial structure adjustment of Guangdong Province was obvious, taking the asset structure as an example, according to the following formula, the annual structural change rate of light and heavy industries was 2.50, the structural change rate of economic types was 8.56, the structural change rate of industries was 5.56, and the structural change rate of industries was 5.50, and the structural change rate of industries was 5.56.

q represents the proportion of industrial sector in the whole industry, a and b represent the years, n is the number of year intervals, and j represents the sector.

I. The adjustment of heavy and chemical industries has made breakthrough progress and the process of industrialization has been accelerated. During the "Tenth Five-Year Plan" period, Guangdong's industrial policy is moderately tilted to heavy industry, increased investment in heavy industry, capital and labor elements flow to heavy industry, so that the development of heavy industry has achieved better results in the province's industrial share gradually increased. 2004, the province's industrial assets above the size of a total of In 2004, the total assets of the above-scale industries in the province amounted to 238.402 billion yuan, 1.66 times as much as in 2000, with an average annual increase of 13.5%; among them, the total assets of heavy industries amounted to 143.7962 billion yuan, 1.81 times as much as in 2000, with an average annual increase of 16.0%, which is higher than the average increase of the whole province by 2.5 percentage points, and the incremental increase of capital elements of the whole province, the incremental increase of heavy industries accounted for 67.9%. The structural ratio of light and heavy industrial assets was adjusted from 44.7:55.3 in 2000 to 39.7:60.3 in 2004, and the number of employees in 2004 was 9,964,400, an increase of 4,241,900 over 2000, with an average annual growth rate of 23.8%, of which the number of employees in heavy industry was 3,945,800, an increase of 1,920,400 over 2000, with an average annual growth rate of 18.2%. The average annual growth rate was 18.2%, which was 5.6 percentage points lower than the average level of the whole province, and the structural ratio of light and heavy industry employees was adjusted from 64.6:35.4 in 2000 to 60.4:39.6 in 2004. With the change of the input structure, the corresponding output also produced fundamental changes. In 2004, the province's total industrial output value was 2955.492 billion yuan, which was 2.37 times of that of 2000, with an average annual growth rate of 24.1% (at current prices, without deducting the price factor, the same as the growth rate of output value below); and the average annual growth rate of heavy industry for the same period was 31.2%, which was higher than the province's average growth rate of output value by 7.1 percentage points. The ratio of output value of light and heavy industries was adjusted from 52.9:47.1 in 2000 to 41.1:58.9 in 2004, and the corresponding ratio of value-added was adjusted from 47.6:52.4 in 2000 to 43.9:56.1 in 2004.

Table of Input-Output Composition of Light and Heavy Industries

Unit: %

Year

Asset Total

Total assets

Employees

Gross industrial output value

Light industry

Heavy industry

Light industry

Heavy industry

Light industry

Heavy industry

2000

44.70

55.30

64.61

35.39

52.90

47.10

2001

44.00

56.00

64.81

35.29

51.06

48.94

2002

41.85

58.15

63.80

36.20

48.41

51.59

2003

41.34

58.66

63.28

36.72

46.29

53.71

2004

39.68

60.32

60.40

39.60

41.10

58.90

According to German economist Hoffmann proposed to use the ratio of the net output of the consumer goods industry to the net output of the means of production industry to reflect the progress of industrialization.

During the process of industrialization, the production of capital goods rose as a proportion of the gross industrial product and surpassed the production of consumer goods. As the degree of industrialization increases, Hoffman's ratio has a tendency to decline continuously, in which the process of industrialization shows four stages. See the table below for details.

Hoffman's proportion of the statistical measure of the industrialization process

Industrialization stages

Hoffman's proportion

Interval

1

2

3

4

5.0 (±1)

2.5 (±1)

1.0 (±1)< /p>

Below 1.0

4.0-6.0

1.5-3.5

0.5-1.5

Below 0.5

Generally, the production of capital goods, i.e., means of production, falls under the category of heavy industry, and the production of means of consumption belongs to light industry. As measured in the above formula, the Hoffman's ratio of Guangdong Province is about 0.8047, showing the middle and early part of the fourth stage of the industrialization process in Guangdong Province. During this period, the increasing proportion of heavy industry in industrial production is an inevitable trend of the industrialization process.

Two, economic structure optimization and upgrading steadily evolved. Optimization of economic structure mainly refers to the trend of industries evolving from low-technology level and low-value-added status to high-technology and high-value-added status, including two forms of resource allocation trends: one is the flow of resources among industries under the orientation of equal amount of capital to obtain equal amount of profit; the other is the movement of resources from low-efficiency to high-efficiency enterprises within the same industry under the orientation of competition; the optimization of economic structure makes the resource be effectively utilized and the efficiency of resource use be improved. As there are certain monopolistic industries within the industry of Guangdong Province to different degrees, such as tobacco, petrochemicals, electric power, metal smelting, etc., with high entry thresholds, the allocation of resource flows and the optimization of economic structure are mainly concentrated in competitive fields, especially the development and growth of high-tech industries and key pillar industries in competitive fields, which have relatively reduced the share of monopolistic industries in the province's industry.

(I) high-tech manufacturing pillar industries increasingly prominent role. High-tech manufacturing industry is a competitive field of relatively full competition in the industry, the degree of openness is high, non-core technical enterprises, capital, technology access threshold is relatively low, besides the industry investment rate of return is relatively higher than the other competitive industries, since 2000, high-tech manufacturing capital profit margins basically remained above 6.0%, more than the competitive field of the other traditional industries, such as agricultural and food processing industry, textile, Clothing and other industries, has a greater advantage, coupled with the government policy over the years to guide the strong and high-tech product demand prospects, attracted a large number of funds into the industry development by leaps and bounds, become the most important pillar industries in Guangdong Province industry. 2004 high-tech manufacturing industry **** there are 3,797 enterprises, an increase of 2,059 than in 2000, with a total of 548.537 billion yuan in assets, an increase of 1.33 times over 2000, the high-tech manufacturing industry has a total of 3,797 enterprises. 2000, an increase of 1.33 times, assets accounted for the proportion of the province's industry in 2000 by 16.4% to 23.0% in 2004; its added value of 188,585,000,000 yuan, 2.45 times more than in 2000, with an average annual growth rate of 25.1%, significantly higher than the average growth rate of the province during the same period, the added value of the province's industrial proportion of 20.1% from 2000 to 25.3% in 2004.

In order to maintain the competitiveness of "Canton goods" in the market, Guangdong Province, the industry to increase R & amp; D investment, strengthen the development of new products, new processes, new technologies, research, many of the industry, high-tech manufacturing industry has performed the best. 2005, the province's industrial enterprises above the size of the R & amp; D investment of 13.642 billion yuan, or a percentage of sales. 13.642 billion yuan, accounting for 0.4% of sales revenue, of which the high-tech manufacturing industry's R&D investment of 8.895 billion yuan, accounting for 65.2% of the province's industrial R&D investment. Along with the R& D investment efforts to increase the production of new products has also made new progress. 2005 high-tech manufacturing industry to complete the new product output value of 138.530 billion yuan, an increase of 23.3% over the previous year, an increase higher than the province's new product output value of the same year, an increase of 5.1 percentage points; 2005 the province's new product production, high-tech manufacturing industry accounted for 67.0% of the new products; high-tech manufacturing industry new products to the province's new product production contribution rate of 5.1%. Products to the province's new product production contribution rate of 75.9%.

Asset Composition and Investment Income Table

Unit: %

Industry Name

Capital Profit Margin in 2004

Asset Composition

2000

2004

Coal Mining and Washing Industry

6.19

0.1

0.03

Oil and Gas Mining

95.39

0.88

0.55

Ferrous Metal Mining and Processing

13.22

0.09

0.11

Nonferrous Metal Mining and Processing

12.54

0.09

0.07

Non-metallic Mining and Processing

4.19

0.32

0.17

Other Mining

Agricultural Food Processing

2.11

1.95

1.72

Food Manufacturing

7.2

1.82

1.46

Beverage Manufacturing

5.57

1.69

1.26

Tobacco Products Industry

20.73

0.48

0.48

Textile industry

1.61

4.12

3.45

Textile clothing, shoes and hats manufacturing industry

3.16

2.86

2.09

Leather, Fur, Feather (down) and its products industry

1.93

1.83

1.72

Wood Processing and Wood, Bamboo, Rattan, Palm and Grass Making

3.89

0.62

0.58

Furniture Manufacturing

2.79

0.58

1.07<

Paper and paper products industry

4.95

2.21

2.5

Printing and reproduction of recording media

4.01

1.38

1.43

Literary, educational and sporting goods manufacturing

2.85

1.28

1.41

Petroleum Processing, Coking and Nuclear Fuel Processing Industry

10.55

3.15

1.45

Chemical Raw Materials and Chemical Products Manufacturing Industry

13.27

4.07

4.65

Pharmaceutical Manufacturing

5.63

2.04

1.58

Chemical Fiber Manufacturing

2.46

1.2

0.29

Rubber Products Industry

3.86

0.63

0.6

Plastic Products Industry

3.2

3.74

3.91

Nonmetallic Mineral Products Industry

3.59

5.73

3.88

Ferrous Metals Smelting and Calendering Industry

5.19

3.45

1.87

Nonferrous metal smelting and rolling processing industry

3.7

1.19

1.4

Metal products industry

5.71

3.32

3.49

General equipment manufacturing industry

6.18

1.86

2.14

Special Purpose Equipment Manufacturing

6.55

1.16

1.91

Transportation Equipment Manufacturing

12.38

4.25

4.26

Electrical Machinery and Equipment Manufacturing

4.41

7.72

9.01

Communication Equipment, Computer and Other Electronic Equipment Manufacturing

6.08

13.16

19.88

Instrumentation and Cultural and Office Machinery Manufacturing

5.54

1.83

1.88

Crafts and Other Manufacturing

4.61

0.9

0.99

Waste Resources and Waste Materials Recycling and Processing Industry

2.77

0.02

0.06

Electricity, heat production and supply industry

4.9

15.99

14.5

Gas production and supply industry

-0.91

0.4

0.34

Water production and supply industry

1.94

1.87

1.82

(ii) The development of the "information industry corridor" in the Pearl River Delta (PRD) is becoming increasingly sophisticated. Since the mid-to-late 1990s, seizing the opportunity of the world's industrial transfer and the development of the electronic information industry, and under the guidance of the government's policy of vigorously building the Pearl River Delta "information industry corridor", IT product manufacturers have rapidly clustered in the Pearl River Delta region. After years of development, the PRD has gradually formed a relatively complete IT industry chain. In addition to some core technology products (e.g. CPUs), the PRD is basically able to produce all other IT products, and some important electronic information products and accessories, such as computers and computer hard disks, cell phones, etc., have a certain degree of influence on the domestic and international IT product markets, and the PRD has become a real "information industry corridor". "In 2004, among the 3605 electronic information equipment manufacturing enterprises in the province, 3,395, or 94.2%, were located in the PRD; capital investment in the industry in the PRD and the number of jobs absorbed by the industry accounted for 96.5% and 94.5% respectively of the corresponding industries in the province; and the output of the value added of the industry accounted for 96.4% of the total value added of the province. The capital investment and employment absorbed by this industry in the PRD accounted for 96.5% and 94.5% respectively of the corresponding industry in the province; and the value added of the industry in terms of output accounted for 96.4% of the province.

Table of Major Indicators of Electronic Information Equipment Manufacturing Industry in the Pearl River Delta in 2004

Indicators

Province as a whole

Pearl River Delta

Pearl River Delta as a percentage of the whole province

Number of Enterprises (No.s)

3605

3395

94.2

Assets Total (billion yuan)

4999.11

4824.79

96.5

Number of employees (10,000)

182.63

172.80

94.5

Industrial value added (billion yuan)

1741.06

1677.96

96.4

(3) Capital- and technology-intensive enterprises have made great progress. Capital-intensive enterprises and technology-intensive enterprises are inextricably linked, capital-intensive enterprises are often technology-intensive enterprises, because only capital-intensive enterprises, in order to provide sufficient funds for technological innovation, and, in turn, only continuous innovation of the enterprise, in order to rapidly accumulate funds to develop and grow the enterprise, the two benign interaction, to promote the development of capital- and technology-intensive enterprises. Capital- and technology-intensive enterprises are generally characterized by large-scale production and high labor productivity. 316 enterprises in the province with output value exceeding 1 billion yuan in 2004, an increase of 178 enterprises over 2000, of which 26 enterprises exceeded 10 billion yuan and 1 exceeded 100 billion yuan; assets totaled 132.639 billion yuan, with an average of 2.893 billion yuan per enterprise in 2000, up to 4.1 billion yuan per enterprise in 2004; and the average asset per enterprise increased to 4.1 billion yuan per enterprise in 2004, up to 4.1 billion yuan per enterprise in 2004, up to 4.1 billion yuan per enterprise in 2004. /home increased to 4.182 billion yuan in 2004/home; industrial added value of 345.883 billion yuan, the average added value of each enterprise from 931 million yuan in 2000/home increased to 1.095 billion yuan in 2004/home; labor productivity of 320,301 yuan/person, compared with 288,643 yuan/person in 2000, an increase of 31,658 yuan/person, compared with the provincial average of the same year Higher 245640 yuan/person.

At the same time, the capital and technology-intensive enterprises in Guangdong Province, the technological innovation capacity has been significantly improved, especially some of the main technical competitiveness has been significantly strengthened. Such as Guangdong Province, communications equipment manufacturing large enterprises Huawei, ZTE, etc., in the third generation of mobile communications equipment, digital trunking systems, high-end program-controlled switches and other areas of the core technology continues to make breakthroughs, the industry's competitiveness is rapidly improving. Huawei in the global market more powerful 3G standard WCDMA, has basically reached the level of mutual checks and balances with multinational giants, WCDMA basic patents 69, accounting for 5% of the basic patents of the global WCDMA, WCDMA ranked among the world's basic patents of the top five. Communication equipment manufacturing enterprises in Guangdong Province rely on core technologies and products with independent intellectual property rights to expand domestic and international markets. However, labor-intensive enterprises are still very important due to labor resource factors and pressure on employment.

(4) The structural adjustment of the nine industries is continuously optimized. The nine industries are the pillar industries of Guangdong Province, and their industrial output accounts for more than 70% of the province, which is the "wind vane" of Guangdong Province's industrial development. From 2000 to 2004, the development of the nine industries was stable, with an added value of 550.162 billion yuan in 2005, an increase of 1.29 times that of 2000, or an average annual growth rate of 23.0%, and the proportion of the nine industries in the province rising from 70.2% in 2000 to 74.0% in 2004. Due to the role of government policies, the restructuring of the nine industries has basically developed in the expected direction, with the rapid development of the equipment industry and the electronic information industry, which have relatively high technological content, accounting for a rising share of the nine industries, and the relative contraction of the traditional industries.

Composition of added value of the nine industries

Unit: billion yuan

Indicator

2000

2004

Absolute amount

Specialty%

Absolute amount

Specialty%

Absolute amount

Specialty%

Added value of the industries above large scale

3422.60

100.0

7439.53

100.0

Nine industries Value added

2402.54

70.2

5501.52

74.0

Three emerging pillar industries

1475.02

43.1

3709.58

49.9

Three major traditional industries

698.72

20.4

1224.04

16.5

Three major potential industries

228.80

6.7

568.00

7.7

1. High-level industries among the emerging pillar industries are developing at a high speed. during 2000-2004, the electronic information industry, electrical machinery and special equipment industry, which are relatively high in technological content among the emerging pillar industries, have developed rapidly, and have been in the lead in terms of growth of both input and output. In 2004, the assets of electronic information industry, electrical machinery and special equipment industry totaled 473.611 and 304.954 billion yuan, and the proportion of capital investment in the province's industry increased from 13.2% and 10.7% in 2000 to 19.9% and 12.8% in 2004, respectively; the number of employed people absorbed was 1.7365 and 1.6510 million people, and the proportion of factor input of labor force increased from 11.2% in 2000 to 12.6% in 2004. The proportion of labor factor input in the province increased from 11.9% and 12.9% in 2000 to 17.3% and 16.5% in 2004, and the added value of the output in 2004 was 164.562 billion yuan and 106.607 billion yuan, an increase of 1.88 and 1.57 times than that of 2000, with an average annual growth rate of 30.3% and 26.6%, which was higher than the average growth rate of the province's industry in the same period, and the added value of the output accounted for 16.4% and 16.6% of the province's industrial output in 2004. The proportion of value-added increased from 16.7% and 12.1% in 2000 to 22.1% and 14.3% in 2004 respectively. The two industries have become the pillar industries with the largest production scale in Guangdong Province.

Emerging pillar industries in the petroleum and chemical, is closely related to raw materials, energy industry, especially in the petroleum processing and natural gas extraction industry, petroleum processing, coking and nuclear fuel processing industry, the market demand is large, but because of its operation with a certain degree of monopoly, access to the capital, technology threshold requirements are high, and the investment cycle is long, not the general private capital, and moreover, between 2000 and 2004 the industry did not have new projects put into operation, the industry has become the largest production scale. In 2004, the industry did not have new projects put into production, limited by production capacity, growth is relatively slower than other emerging pillar industries, industrial input, output accounted for the proportion of the province have declined. 2004 oil and gas extraction industry, petroleum processing, coking and nuclear fuel processing industry assets totaled 13.162 billion yuan and 34.573 billion yuan, accounting for the province of the province's 0.6% and 1.5%, respectively, compared with the 2000 drop of 0.3 and 1.6 percentage points. 0.3 and 1.6 percentage points from 2000. Absorption of employment for only 1234 and 22279 people, labor factor inputs were 1031 and 23370 people less than in 2000. Completed value-added 31.224 and 14.928 billion yuan, an increase of 27.4% and 84.3% over 2000, an average annual growth rate of 6.2% and 16.5%, an increase lower than the average growth rate of the province's industry over the same period of 15.2 and 4.9 percentage points, the value-added accounted for the province's share of the industry in 2000, respectively, by 7.2% and 2.4% fell to 4.2% in 2004 and 2.0%. And chemical raw materials and chemical products manufacturing industry, because the entry threshold requirements are not high, the period of relatively rapid development, the value added in 2004 than in 2000 increased by 3.50 times, an average annual growth rate of 36.8%, the growth rate is significantly higher than the petroleum and natural gas extraction industry, petroleum processing, coking and nuclear fuel processing industry, the proportion of added value of the province's industry from 4.2% in 2000 to 6.7% in 2004.

2, the development of traditional pillar industries is relatively contracted. 2000-2004, compared with other fast-growing industries, the development of traditional pillar industries is obviously weak. 2005, the three traditional pillar industries assets totaled 363.783 billion yuan, an increase of only 23.3% over 2000, the assets accounted for the proportion of the province's industry by 20.5% in 2000 fell to 15.3% in 2004. In 2005, the assets of the three traditional pillar industries totaled 363.783 billion yuan, an increase of only 23.3% over 2000, and the proportion of assets in the province's industry dropped from 20.5% in 2000 to 15.3% in 2004. The number of employment absorbed was 2,158,200, and the proportion of labor factor input in the province dropped from 28.6% in 2000 to 21.6% in 2004 respectively. The added value of output was 122.404 billion yuan, 1.75 times that of 2000, but the proportion of added value in the province's industry dropped from 20.4% in 2000 to 16.4% in 2004, of which the proportion of textiles and garments dropped from 8.6% in 2000 to 6.4% in 2004, and the proportions of food and beverages, and construction materials dropped from 7.0% and 4.8% respectively in 2000 to 5.7% in 2004. decreased to 5.7% and 4.2% in 2004.

3, potential industries in the automobile manufacturing industry soared. 2004, the three major potential industry assets totaled 190.653 billion yuan, an increase of 73.7% over 2000, the assets accounted for the proportion of the province's industry is 7.9%, up 0.3 percentage points from 2000. The number of employment absorbed was 490,200 people, and the proportion of labor factor input in the province decreased from 5.6% in 2000 to 4.9% in 2004 respectively. Output into the added value of 56.800 billion yuan, an increase of 1.48 times over 2000, an average annual increase of 25.5%, the added value of the province's share of industry from 6.7% in 2000 to 7.6% in 2005. The three potential industries in the automobile system and motorcycle development trend is good, is to support the development of potential industries, the main force, Moringa paper and pharmaceutical production scale of relative contraction.

2000-2004 years, the automobile industry is the best development of the industrial sector, the growth rate of the nine industries in the first of the industry. 2004 automobile manufacturing industry added value of 25.036 billion yuan, 5.82 times that of 2000, with an average annual growth rate of 55.3%, an increase of 33.9 percent higher than the same period of the nine industries, the added value of the province's share of the industry by the 1.3% in 2000 to 3.7% in 2004. the output of automobiles in Guangdong Province was 276,260 units in 2004, and further reached 413,583 units in 2005, an increase of 9.50 times over 2000, of which 11.65 times the car.

Three, the rapid development and growth of private industry. With the relaxation of the threshold of access to industry, government policy on the appropriate tilt of private industry, the activation of private capital investment in the field of industry, the development of private industry is full of vitality. 2004, the province's private industrial enterprises above the size of 15,877, an increase of 11,745 than in 2000, accounting for more than 45.9% of the enterprises above the size of the total assets of 449.342 billion yuan in 2000, 2.33 times, accounting for more than 10 million yuan in assets of the province's private industrial enterprises above the size of the private industry. The total assets amounted to RMB 449.342 billion, 2.33 times more than that of 2000, accounting for 18.8% of the industry above scale, 5.7 percentage points higher than that of 2000. The number of absorbed employment was 2,471,900 people, and the proportion of labor factor input in the province rose from 13.6% in 2000 to 24.8% in 2004 respectively. The added value of 157.825 billion yuan, an increase of 3.37 times over 2000, an average annual increase of 35.5%, higher than the average increase of the province over the same period of 14.1 percentage points; its added value accounted for the proportion of industry above the scale of 21.2%, an increase of 7.5 percentage points over 2000. In recent years, the value-added of private industry to the province's contribution to industrial growth increased year by year, 18.9% in 2002, 24.2% in 2003, and further increased to 26.8% in 2004, the influence of private enterprises has increased significantly. It is worth noting that most of the private enterprises in Guangdong Province are labor-intensive enterprises, innovation ability is not strong. 2004 labor productivity of private enterprises was 63,848 yuan / person, lower than the provincial level of 10,813 yuan / person, if you deduct the two main enterprises Huawei and Midea, the labor productivity of private enterprises fell to 39,973 yuan / person. R&D to measure the innovation ability of enterprises, the province's private enterprise technology innovation is mainly concentrated in a few key large enterprises, R&D total investment, Huawei and the United States accounted for about 80%, in addition to more than 90% of the private enterprises do not have R&D investment.

By economic nature of industrial enterprises will be divided into state-owned enterprises (refers to state-owned and state-controlled enterprises), private enterprises, "three-funded" enterprises, etc., in 2004, the three economic types of industry's assets in the total structure of the proportion of 38.9:13.4:49.7 in 2000 adjusted to the 2005 28.6:18.8:58.1, the proportion of total assets of the industry. In 2004, the ratio of total assets of the three economic types of industry was adjusted from 38.9:13.4:49.7 in 2000 to 28.6:18.8:58.1 in 2005. Among the three major economic types of industry, the share of assets of private enterprises and "three-funded" enterprises in the province's industry has increased, while the share of state-owned enterprises has declined considerably. The ratio of value-added structure was adjusted from 30.2:13.7:54.5 in 2000 to 20.8:21.2:63.1 in 2004.

Fourth, the transfer of industries has accelerated the pace of regional industrial restructuring. In order to enhance the competitiveness of enterprises and optimize the industrial structure, the Pearl River Delta (PRD) has concentrated its regional efforts on the development of high-technology industries and industries with a long industrial chain and a high degree of industrial relevance, and has transferred some of its traditional industries out of the PRD. The transfer of industries has played a positive role in accelerating the development of the PRD and coordinating regional industrial development.

The industrial structure of the PRD has been further optimized and upgraded. Industrial output in the PRD has further concentrated on industries with high technological requirements and high industrial interconnectivity, and relatively long industrial chains, while the production scale of traditional industries has relatively contracted. 2004 saw the three major industries in the PRD (broad categories of industries), namely the communications equipment, computer and other electronic equipment manufacturing industry, the electrical machinery and equipment manufacturing industry, and the transportation equipment manufacturing industry, with assets totaling 750.679 billion yuan, an increase of 1.26 times over the figure in 2000, and accounting for 1.5 times of the total. The total assets of the three major industries (industrial categories) in the PRD were $750.679 billion, representing an increase of 1.26 times over 2000, and accounting for 37.0% of the PRD's industrial output, an increase of 7.7 percentage points over 2000; the number of people employed in the three major industries was 2,935,200, accounting for 34.4% of the PRD's industrial output; their value-added of the industry increased by 2.64 times over 2000, and their share of the PRD's output value amounted to 40.7%, representing an increase of 7.9 percentage points over 2000; due to relatively high labor productivity, the three major industries Due to the relatively high labor productivity of the three major industries, their output ratios were 3.7 and 6.3 percentage points higher than their input ratios respectively. In addition, some industries with relatively high technological content, such as the ferrous and non-ferrous metal smelting and rolling processing industries, saw their assets and outputs account for a varying degree of increase in the proportion of PRD industries year-on-year. However, the assets and output of traditional textile, textile clothing and footwear manufacturing, and plastic products industries have declined to varying degrees, with the total assets of the textile, textile clothing and footwear manufacturing, and plastic products industries accounting for 9.4% of the PRD's industrial output in 2004, a drop of 1.8 percentage points compared with the corresponding figure in 2000, and the share of their value added in the PRD's industrial output declining from 11.1% in 2000 to 11.1% in 2004, and from 11.1% in 2004 to 11.1% in 2005. The proportion of their industrial added value in the PRD industry dropped from 11.1% in 2000 to 8.9% in 2005. Major technical equipment products and major high-tech products, such as automobiles, specialized equipment for environmental protection, cables for communication and electronic networks, microwave communication equipment, integrated circuits, etc. are entirely produced in the PRD.

Industry in mountainous areas has made great strides. In recent years, due to the government's policy guidance, the improvement of the investment environment in mountainous areas, a large number of traditional industries from the Pearl River Delta to settle in mountainous areas, injecting new "blood" into mountainous areas, effectively promoting the development of mountainous areas industry. 2005 mountainous areas and municipalities industrial **** there are more than 3,329 enterprises above the scale of the increase in 2000 by 212; assets totaled 171.442 billion yuan, an increase of 9.4% over 2000, an average annual growth rate of 2.3%; mountainous areas of industry absorbed 822,700 people in employment, an increase of 13.3% over 2000, an average annual growth rate of 3.1%; the completion of the value-added 43,897,000,000 yuan, 1.59 times more than 2000, an average annual growth rate of 12.3%, the mountainous regions of industrial value-added output growth than input growth of 10.0 and 9.2 percentage points. From the growth of each year from 2000 to 2004, the industrial growth of mountainous regions and cities was low before and high after, and the growth rate of value-added in 2003 and 2004 reached 21.1% and 29.3% respectively.

The development of special industries in the east and west wings has been effective." Tenth Five-Year" period, the east and west wings of industrial growth is lower than the province's average growth rate, but in the solid development of local characteristics of industry also has a better performance. Daily-use ceramics in Chaozhou on the east wing, petrochemicals in Zhanjiang and Maoming on the west wing, and knives and scissors in Yangjiang all have advantages in their respective industries. in 2004, the west wing accounted for 35.0% of the total output of the province's two major industries, namely, petroleum and natural gas extraction, petroleum processing and coking, and nuclear fuel processing; natural gas in Guangdong is produced entirely in the west wing, and the west wing also has a large share of the output of other petrochemicals, such as the volume of crude oil processed, gasoline, kerosene, and ethylene products. Other petrochemical products, such as crude oil processing volume, gasoline, kerosene, ethylene, etc., also occupy a large share in the West Wing, which has become Guangdong's main production base for petrochemical products. In addition to the east wing of Chaozhou daily-use ceramic products and the west wing of Yangjiang knife and scissors products, but also show the local characteristics, in 2004, Chaozhou daily-use ceramic products industry added value of the province's corresponding industries accounted for 62.7% of the province's production of daily-use ceramics accounted for about 82.0% of the province; Yangjiang knives and scissors and similar daily-use metal products industry added value of the province's corresponding industries accounted for 77.4%.

Fifth, industrial concentration. Large and medium-sized enterprises to grow rapidly, a number of leading enterprises "carrier" initial formation. 2004 Guangdong Province **** large and medium-sized enterprises 4,009, an increase of 1,617 over 2000, of which 238 large-scale enterprises, an increase of 138. Input and output of large enterprises, the main indicators of assets, employees, added value of the province's industrial ratio of 27.4%, 12.3, and 30.7%, respectively, 10.4, 4.1 and 12.9 percentage points higher than in 2000.

Divided into broad categories of industries, some of the main industries have different degrees of industrial concentration. Measured by the CR4 value (the proportion of the 4 enterprises with the largest industry sales revenue in the corresponding industry), the competitive industries such as transportation equipment manufacturing, communication equipment, computer and other electronic equipment manufacturing, chemical raw materials and chemical products manufacturing, food manufacturing, etc., the CR4 value in 2004 than in 2000, respectively, increased by 18.0, 5.0, 12.1 and 6.6 percentage points; the competitive industry The moderate increase in CR4 value is conducive to reducing disorderly competition and standardizing market order. Among the 38 major industrial sectors in the province, there are 11 sectors with CR4 value exceeding 40%, among which, some traditional monopolistic sectors, with the improvement of market openness, the CR4 value has declined, such as petroleum processing, coking and nuclear fuel processing industry, gas production and supply industry, the CR4 value fell from 96.1% and 86.5% in 2000 to 86.9% and 60.1% in 2004 respectively. The CR4 value of the monopoly industry The moderate decline in the CR4 value of monopolistic industries is conducive to full competition and enhanced enterprise vitality.

Industrial industrial structure adjustment on Guangdong industry

Industrial industrial structure adjustment, the rapid development of high-tech manufacturing industry, modern electronic information industry, key pillar industries, key equipment manufacturing industry, not only to optimize the industrial structure, but also increase the role of technological progress in industry, improve the competitiveness of enterprises, and at the same time, the province's industrial energy saving and reduce energy consumption played a positive role. And the development and growth of private industry, both to enhance the vitality of industrial enterprises in Guangdong Province, but also to stabilize the development of endogenous economy in Guangdong Province. The accelerated pace of industrial development in the east and west wings and mountainous areas has contributed to coordinated development. In addition, in order to meet the needs of market competition, enterprises have strengthened the management of costs, accelerated the operation of funds, improved the comprehensive efficiency of enterprises, and contributed to the transformation of the economic growth mode of enterprises from the rough extension of the expansion of reproduction to the expansion of reproduction of connotation focusing on the efficiency mode. 2004, the province's industrial enterprises above the size of the total profit of 144,996,000,000 yuan, an increase of 1.57 times compared with the 2000 level.

In 2004, the total profit of industrial enterprises above designated size in the province was 144.996 billion yuan, up 1.57 times from 2000.

I. The role of technological progress in industry is becoming increasingly important. Industrial structure adjustment, optimize the industrial structure, not only accelerate the high-tech manufacturing industry, modern electronic information industry and other advanced industrial development, and increase the transformation of advanced industries to traditional industries, a powerful impetus to the province's industrial technology progress. Adopting "Solow residual value method" to measure, the formula is as follows:

Growth rate equation: Y = A + αK + βL (1)

The formula: Y is the growth rate of output; K is the growth rate of capital inputs; L is the growth rate of labor inputs; A is the speed of technological progress; α is a parameter that indicates the capital's output elasticity; β is a parameter that indicates the capital's output elasticity; β is a parameter that indicates the capital's output elasticity. output elasticity; β is a parameter, indicating the output elasticity of labor. The above equation can also be written as: A = Y - αK - βL (2)

Indicates that: in the growth of total output, deducted from the increase in the amount of capital and labor inputs brought about by the increase in the remaining part of the growth of technological level, therefore, this equation is called residual value method. Both sides of the same divided by Y, get (3)

Equation: for the contribution of technological progress to the growth rate of total output;

for the increase in the amount of capital inputs to the growth rate of total output;

for the increase in the amount of labor inputs to the growth rate of total output.

At present, the international community takes , that is, the contribution rate of technological progress to the growth rate of total output as an important indicator for measuring the modernization process of a country (or region). It is generally believed that when = 35%, the level of well-off; = 60%, the level of modernization.

Because of the limitations of the information time series, the parameters α, β combined with the empirical determination method, according to the State Planning Commission, the National Bureau of Statistics before the unified method of measurement (parameter formula α + β = 1) results, the capital output elasticity of α = 0.30, the output elasticity of labor β = 0.70; the capital input is replaced by the total amount of assets, the labor force input is replaced by the number of people in the workforce, and industrial growth is calculated by the present price of value added . After approximate calculation, the average annual rate of technological progress during 2000-2004 was 6.9%, and the contribution rate of technological progress to the industrial growth rate was 32.3%; the contribution rate of increased capital input to the industrial growth rate was 19.2%; and the contribution rate of increased labor input to the industrial growth rate was 48.5%. The annual average rate of technological progress of advanced industries such as high-tech manufacturing and modernized electronic information industry during this period was better than that of the province's industry. The current industrial labor-intensive enterprises in Guangdong Province still account for a large proportion of the industry, the increase in labor inputs to industrial growth contribution rate is still the main factor, but the role of technological progress factors have clearly exceeded the financial factors. In the push? /ca>