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Water-saving irrigation technology helped the villagers in Chalukou Village to alleviate the drought.

Agriculture: popularizing water-saving irrigation technology

Agriculture is a big water user, and because of backward irrigation technology, the waste is also very serious. In China, more than 95% of the available effective irrigation area of 8 1 10,000 mu still uses traditional flood irrigation technology. The water resources lost by canal water conveyance and deep leakage in the field account for 70% of irrigation water consumption. Experts suggest that water-saving irrigation technologies such as drip irrigation, sprinkler irrigation and micro-irrigation should be further popularized to develop water-saving agriculture.

Two barrels of water can irrigate 1 mu of land, and farming can save 70% water. In Harbin water-saving irrigation demonstration park, this is not an anecdote. Traditional flood irrigation 1 mu of land requires about 200 kg of water. In 2004, an Israeli water-saving irrigation equipment production group introduced fully computer-controlled sprinkler irrigation, drip irrigation, micro-sprinkler irrigation and micro-drip irrigation systems, which not only saved water, but also greatly improved the yield and quality of crops.

"The shortage of water resources in China is a shortage of technology rather than resources. Backward irrigation engineering technology is the main cause of water waste. " Qiu Weiduo, chief expert of water-saving irrigation in China Technology Market Management Promotion Center of the Ministry of Science and Technology, believes that the fundamental way to alleviate the crisis lies in the independent innovation of irrigation technology. Qiu Weiduo said that his greatest ideal is to transform the flooded area with advanced water-saving drip irrigation technology. At present, 79-year-old Qiu Weiduo is promoting his own "drip irrigation with China characteristics"-Yanshan drip irrigation, a semi-fixed drip irrigation system. He said that the construction cost of this drip irrigation system is 90% lower than that of Israeli drip irrigation, and the operation cost is 1/6 of the current flood irrigation.

Industry: the secret of innovative technology

In China, industrial water consumption accounts for about 265,438+0% of the national total water consumption. According to the 11th Five-Year Plan of building a water-saving society, by 20 10, the water consumption per unit of industrial added value in China will be reduced by more than 30% compared with 2005. Large industrial enterprises should reach the advanced level of international industrial water saving at the beginning of this century. Enterprises in China have gradually realized that they should strive to become leaders in saving resources and reducing pollution after they have achieved the number one position in the manufacturing industry in the world.

Laiwu Iron and Steel Group, located in the mountainous area of Shandong Province, is a big water user and water saver among many enterprises in Shandong Province. Laigang's water consumption per ton of steel is controlled at 3.53 cubic meters, which has been regarded as the leading index of "almost breaking the water-saving limit of steel enterprises" by the world metallurgical industry for five consecutive years.

Laigang took the lead in exploring and implementing "three dry" technologies in metallurgical industry-dry dedusting of blast furnace gas, dry dedusting of converter gas and dry quenching technology, and made a revolutionary breakthrough in high water consumption. Through "series connection", "series connection" and "multi-line connection", the main production processes of Laigang have realized zero wastewater discharge. According to experts' calculation, if the fresh water consumption of steel enterprises in China can meet the standard of Laigang, it can save more than 2 billion cubic meters of fresh water a year, exceeding the water storage capacity of Gezhouba.

In the food industry, brewing enterprises are often big users of water. In the past, it took 10 bottle of water to make a bottle of beer. In Yanjing Brewery, this number has changed. In the process of beer production, the water consumption of malting process accounts for 1/3 of the total water consumption. After technical transformation, Yanjing Brewery changed the humidifying and germinating device of wheat from spraying type to atomizing type, saving 500 tons of water a day. With the help of steam recovery, the winery can save 600,000 tons of water every year.

"The world peer level is 6 tons of water per ton of beer, and we are between 5.3 tons and 5.5 tons." Li Mingyu, deputy general manager of Yanjing Group, said that the headquarters of Yanjing Group saves more than one million tons of water every year, which is equivalent to the water consumption of 200,000 families in one month.