What are some famous people, quotes and places of interest in Shanxi

Shanxi Province is located in the middle reaches of the Yellow River, east of the Loess Plateau.

Among the high mountains, hills, mountains around the water around the complex terrain, geomorphological diversity, moderate climate, four distinct seasons, the nature of the gods and wizards like the creation of a place of colorful scenery.

Shanxi is one of the birthplaces of the Chinese civilization, with a long history and a long history, known as the "Museum of Ancient Chinese Art", "State of Documents", retaining seventy percent of the country's ancient buildings on the ground, the tourism industry, so that said

Natural beauty, history and civilization, the revolution and the achievements of the new period of construction, **** with the composition of the unique Shanxi, both ancient and modern, colorful tourism resources.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Natural tourism resources

Shanxi's complex and changing geology, geomorphology, hydrology, The complex geological, geomorphological, hydrological and meteorological conditions in Shanxi have created many magnificent and fascinating natural landscapes such as famous mountains and rivers, caves and rocks, clear springs and lakes, torrential waterfalls, miraculous celestial phenomena, and precious organisms, etc. The abundance of its natural tourism resources ranks among the forefront of the country, and Shanxi boasts almost all the natural landscapes, except for the oceans and deserts, whereas the salt ponds, 10,000-year ice caves, and the volcano clusters are not available in the vast majority of the provinces.

Famous mountains and rivers: Shanxi has many famous mountains, and is the only province in the country with five mountains, five towns and four famous Buddhist mountains.

The most famous ones are Mount Everest, one of the five mountains, Mount Wutai, the first of the four famous Buddhist mountains, the famous Taoist mountain North Wudang Mountain, Mianshan Mountain, Wulao Peak, one of the national scenic spots, Lugao Mountain, one of the top ten nature reserves in China, Huoshan, one of the five towns, the town of Huoshan, the Alexandria Mountain, which preserves the largest area of primeval forests in North China, and the Taihang Mountains, which are home to the Taihang Grand Canyon, the Wangmangling Mountain, the Huangyacong Cave, and the Lingkong Mountain, Gypsum Mountain, and Xiantang Mountain, which is the only province in the country that has five famous mountains. The other Lingkong Mountain, Gypsum Mountain, Xiantang Mountain, Guanxian Mountain, Pangquangou, etc., the mountain color is different, the appearance of different, respectively, to the precipitous, elegant, beautiful and surprisingly winning.

Some of them can be visited and viewed, some can be avoided in the summer, some can be visited to find the ancient and some can be admired.

The Yellow River, the first big river, is the natural demarcation line between Shanxi and Shaanxi provinces, flowing through 19 counties in Shanxi, flow 965 kilometers, has converged into 18 larger tributaries and thousands of streams, the Yellow River Canyon of Jin-Shaanxi, the two sides of the peaks, the form of thousands of, Fenglingdu area of the Yellow River is as wide as dozens of miles for the Yellow River's widest place.

These famous mountains and rivers are like a beautiful picture scroll, forming a number of scenic treasures, becoming Shanxi inexhaustible, inexhaustible tourism resources.

Caves and rocks: Taihang, Lvliang, Zhongtiao Mountain in Shanxi has a number of limestone caves, such as Qingshui Baiyun Cave, Huguan Ziguan Cave, Yu County Wanhua Cave, Yuhua Cave, Taiyuan Tianlongshan Cave, Xinzhou Yuwang Cave, etc., most well-preserved, cave body is vast, stalactites, stalactites, and some have been opened up to the public for people to visit.

The province's peculiar geomorphology, the major mountains can be seen everywhere strange peaks and rocks, such as Luya Mountain peaks shaped like reed buds, straight into the sky; flat away from the top of the Crown Mountain like the Crown; Wutai Mountain in the top of a pile of huge stones, called "Dragon Turning Stone", the North Wudangshan huge "wind-driven rock!

Between the strange peaks and dangerous walls formed the Niangzi Pass, Yanmen Pass, Yiguan, Ningwuguan, Pingxingguan and many other majestic passes.

Clear springs and lakes: Shanxi lack of water resources, but natural lakes throughout the province, and over the years and built a number of reservoirs, artificial lakes, like a pearl set in the three Jin land.

There are tens of thousands of springs in Shanxi, including cold springs, hot springs and mineral springs.

The larger cold springs are: Shuozhou Shentou Spring, Wutai Bonjouru Spring, Taiyuan Nianlaosu Spring, Qingxu Pingquan, Hongdong Huoquan, Linfen Longzizhi Spring and so on; hot springs are Hunyuan Tangtou Spring, Xinzhou Qicun Spring, Yuanping Danying Spring, Dingxiang Hot Springs, Yu County Hot Springs, Xia County Hot Springs, Xinjiang Hot Springs, etc.

Mining Springs is one of the most important hot springs in Shanxi.

The mineral springs are represented by the Bonjour Spring.

Natural lakes in Shanxi include Wutai Mountain Beidaiting Tianchi, Ningwu Tianchi, Jinshi Fish Marsh, Qingxu East Lake, Pingquan East Lake, West Lake, Yuncheng Wuhu Lake, Salt Pond and so on; artificially constructed reservoirs include Xiaolangdi Reservoir in Qiaiqu, Wanjiazhai Yellow Diversion Project, Maitan Shuanzhuan Reservoir, Hengshan Reservoir, Fenhe River Reservoir, Wenyu River Reservoir, Hwoe River Reservoir, Zhanghe River Reservoir, Zhangze Reservoir and so on; these water resources have become tourist attractions.

Rapids and Waterfalls: The famous waterfalls in Shanxi are Hukou Falls, Niangziguan Falls, Wangguan Valley Falls, and Python River Falls.

Hukou Waterfall is famous for its magnificence, and Niangziguan Waterfall is famous for its beauty.

The rapids are found everywhere in the middle reaches of the Yellow River, such as the Longtou rapids below the Hukou and the Longmen "Three Rapids", which make people feel majestic.

Weather scene: Shanxi climate seasonal, complex and variable, both the thousand miles of frozen northern scenery, but also to carry out a variety of temperate travel conditions, but also to see the peculiar atmospheric landscape.

Wutai Mountain Dongtai top, Alexandria Shunwangping view of the "East China Sea sunrise" can be comparable to Mount Tai, the Yellow River, Mengmen Mountain, "Mengmen moonlight night," the scenery is fascinating, the Wutai Mountain, "Bao Guang" The "Bao Guang" of Wutai Mountain is one of the best.

Rare creatures: Shanxi has built 12 nature reserves.

Ancient and famous trees, rare birds and animals are hidden in them, and the brown horse chicken, rhesus monkeys, and baby fish are all rare and precious animals.

Attachment: List of Scenic Spots in Shanxi Province

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Humanities Tourism Resources

Shanxi's long history has left us with numerous scenic spots. The long history of Shanxi has left us numerous ancient buildings - palaces and temples, ancient pagodas, grottoes and statues, colorful sculptures and murals, ancient cities and passes, cultural relics, unearthed artifacts, heirloom treasures, and cultural heritage such as styles and folklore, flavors and famous foods, and culinary skills.

"Shanxi - Museum of Ancient Chinese Art" has been recognized by people from all walks of life at home and abroad.

Temples and palaces: The number of existing ancient buildings in Shanxi is the highest in the country in terms of historical and artistic value.

There are 35 cultural relics units that have been listed as national key protection, and 284 provincial key protection cultural relics units.

According to statistics, the pre-Song and Jin dynasty wooden buildings are 106, accounting for more than 70% of the country's buildings in the same period.

Among them, in the Tang Dynasty, there are Wutai Nanchansi Temple Hall, Foguang Temple East Hall and Ruicheng Guangren Wang Temple, etc., and in the Fifth Dynasty, there are Pingshun Danyunyuan, Pingyao Zhenguo Temple, etc., and there are nearly a hundred of Song, Liao, and Jin Dynasties, representative of which are the Hall of the Sacred Mother of Goddess of Mercy of the Jin Dynasty in the Song Dynasty, Gaoping Youxian Temple, Chongming Temple, Kailua Temple, and Daxiongbao Temple, Datong Huayan Temple Complex of Liao and Jin Dynasties, Datong Shanhua Temple, Chongfu Temple in Shuozhou and Yingxian Pure Land Temple, and Wutai Nantai Temple Temple, and the main hall of Wutai Nantai Temple. Pure Land Temple main hall, Wutai Foguang Temple Manjushu Hall, Jincheng Qinglian Temple Daxiongbao Hall, Changzi Chongqing Temple Wanfo Hall, Fenyang Taifu Guan and Wenshui Wuzetian Temple, and so on.

More ancient buildings were preserved in Shanxi after the Yuan Dynasty.

The Yuan Dynasty's Yongle Palace, Guangsheng Temple's architecture and murals are art treasures; the Northern Wei Dynasty and rebuilt in the Ming Dynasty's Hanging Temple is thrilling and strange, unique in China and abroad; there are four Buddhist mountains, the first of the Wutai Mountain Complex, as the Pure Land Sect of the Temple of the Pure Land, known as the "Oriental colorful sculpture art treasury" Pingyao Twin Forests, the first of the national martial arts temples Xiezhou Guanzhou Temple, and so on. The Xiezhou Guandi Temple, which is the first martial arts temple in China, is a masterpiece of the Ming and Qing dynasties.

In addition, Meng County Zangshan Temple, Jiexiu after the earth temple, Mianshan Hui Luang Temple, Wanrong Flying Cloud Building, Autumn Wind House, Lingkong Mountain Shengshou Temple, Linfen Yao Temple, etc., are all very different, glittering with the history and art of the glory.

Ancient pagodas: the province's ancient pagodas through the ages up to more than 280, which should be County Buddhist Palace Temple Sheda Tower, Wutai Mountain White Tower, Dai County Ashoka Tower, Taiyuan Yongzuo Temple Twin Pagodas, Hongdong Guangsheng Temple Flying Rainbow Tower and Yongji Puyao Temple Yingying Tower is the most famous.

Grottoes and statues: According to the investigation, Shanxi territory of the larger scale grottoes in the Northern Dynasties period 19, 21 in the Sui and Tang dynasties, 2 in the Song Dynasty, 2 in the Yuan Dynasty, 5 in the Ming Dynasty, plus the Yungang Grottoes, Tianlongshan Grottoes **** 51.

One of the country's three major grottoes, Datong Yungang Grottoes as the most, Taiyuan Tianlongshan Grottoes, Longshan Grottoes, Changzhi Yangtoushan Grottoes, Pingding Kaihe Temple Grottoes also has a high artistic value.

Walls and passes: Shanxi is a place of war for generations, the Great Wall inside and outside the Great Wall extends to Datong, Shuozhou, Xinzhou, Jinzhong, Lvliang, Yangquan and other eight places in Shanxi, within the city, about 3,500 kilometers.

There are important passes such as Yanmen Pass, Pingxing Pass, Ningwuguan, Niangziguan, and Yiguan.

The more complete ancient city walls in Shanxi include Pingyao City and Niangziguan City. In addition to the city walls, Pingyao City maintains the Ming and Qing forms and styles of drum towers, city god temples, neighborhoods, stores, and dwellings.

Ancient murals: There are many ancient buildings in Shanxi and most of them are Buddhist temples and Taoist palaces.

And these temples, and almost all have murals.

According to statistics, Shanxi temple murals, there are still 27,000 square meters.

Among them, thirty-two square meters of Tang Dynasty murals, five generations of murals more than 20 square meters, Liao Dynasty murals 15 square meters, Song Dynasty murals eighty-six square meters, more than four hundred and forty square meters of Jin Dynasty murals, more than one thousand four hundred and thirty square meters of Yuan Dynasty murals, more than two thousand three hundred square meters of Ming Dynasty murals, more than two thousand ninety-one hundred square meters of Qing Dynasty murals.

In these murals, the Ruicheng territory of the Yongle Palace Yuan Dynasty murals called the most.

These halls are all Yuan Dynasty buildings, the walls of the halls and arches on the eye wall, full of murals, the total area of a single-sided calculation, amounting to more than one hundred square meters.

Ancient colored statues: Shanxi existing ancient colored statues nearly 13,000.

Among them, eighty-two in the Tang Dynasty, the most famous Wutai Mountain South Ch'an Temple color sculpture, Foguang Temple color sculpture; Jincheng, the ancient Qinglian Temple color sculpture, etc.; the Fifth Dynasty period of eleven, the most famous is the Pingyao Zhenguo Temple color sculpture; Song, Liao, the Jin period of three hundred and ninety-four and so on, the most famous is the Datong Huayan Temple Liao Plastic, Taiyuan, the ancestral temple, the eldest Faxing Temple, the two Jincheng Xian Guan Song Plastic, Shuo County, Chongfu Temple, the Wutai Foguang Temple, the Temple of Wenshu gold sculpture, etc.; Yuan Dynasty, three hundred and eighty-six, such as ; Yuan Dynasty three hundred and eighty-six, the most famous is the Jincheng Jade Emperor Temple twenty-eight color sculpture; Ming Dynasty five thousand eight hundred and seventy-eight, the most famous is the Pingyao Shuanglin Temple color sculpture and Xixian Xiaoxitian color sculpture; the Qing Dynasty color sculpture, Shanxi has more than 6,000.

Ancient cultural sites: Shanxi has unearthed a number of ancient cultural sites with high research value.

Belonging to the Old and Neolithic Age, there are the Ruicheng Xihoudu site and the Hophe site, the Dingcun site in Xiangfen, the Qingshui Shichuan site, and so on, and after the Xia Dynasty, there are important ancient sites and tombs in the Spring and Autumn period in Taiyuan Luocheng, the Houma Jin ancient capital site, the Han Tomb Group in Shuozhou, the GaoPing Changping Battle site, and the site of the ancient city of Jinyang, etc.

Cultural relics: Shanxi has excavated many sites with high value for research.

The cultural relics and archaeology departments have unearthed a large number of coins, pottery, stoneware, wooden objects and other precious relics from these ancient sites and tombs, and new discoveries are constantly being made.

Revolutionary historical memorial sites: the people's national and democratic revolutionary struggle in recent and modern times has left many precious revolutionary cultural relics and former places in Shanxi.

Has been listed as a national key cultural relics protection units in Wuxiang County, the former site of the General Headquarters of the Eighth Route Army, Wuxiang Wangjiayu Eighth Route Army Taihang Memorial Museum, Pingxingguan Battle site, Wutai County Songyankou Baikou model sick room site, Liu Hulan Martyrs Memorial Museum, etc., and the other there is the former site of the defense of the Huang Yadong, General Zuoquan sacrificed Memorial Site, the anti-Japanese overseas heroine Li Lin Memorial Museum, Changzhi Taiyang Taiyue Martyrs' Memorial Park, *** Residence, etc., from different sides of the real record of the historical achievements of the revolutionary struggle as fire like tea.

Attachment: List of Historical Places in Shanxi Province

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

National Famous Historical and Cultural Cities

Datong: Anciently known as Pingcheng, it was the capital of the Northern Wei Dynasty in the early period, and was the accompanying capital during the Liao and Jin Dynasties, known as Xijing.

So far, it has been the political, economic and cultural center of northern Jin.

There are many cultural relics and monuments, including the Yungang Grottoes, which were excavated in 453-495 A.D. (during the Northern Wei Dynasty), as well as the Upper and Lower Huayan Temples, the Puhua Temple, and the Nine Dragons Wall, all of which are nationally recognized as important cultural relics protection units.

Pingyao County: Pingyao, as evidenced by the Yangshao colored pottery culture found in the ancient city, was home to people as far back as the Neolithic period.

In the Spring and Autumn period, it was the middle capital of the state of Jin, and in Han it was Jingling County.

In the Northern Wei Dynasty, Pingtao County was renamed Pingyao County to avoid the name of Emperor Taiwu.

The city of Pingyao is full of cultural relics.

The existing ancient city wall, one of the only four complete ancient cities in China, was built in the Western Zhou Dynasty and expanded in the third year of the Ming Dynasty, with a history of more than 2,000 years.

The streets and alleys of the city and the houses of the residents are rich in national characteristics, as well as the style of residential architecture of northern China in the Ming Dynasty.

Outside the city, Shuanglin Temple and Zhenguo Temple are famous for their exquisite colorful sculptures.

Daixian: The ancient state of Daixian is the political, military, cultural and economic center of northern Jin, with famous monuments such as Yanmen Pass, Bianjing Building, Ashoka Pagoda, Yang Family Ancestral Hall and Zhao Gao Guan.

Historically, Chen Zi'ang, Li Bai, Wang Changling, Wang Wei, Li He, Fan Zhongyan, Yuan Haowen, etc. have all left their heirloom works on the scenic spots and monuments of Dai County.

In addition, Daixian clumsy in the clever art of paper-cutting, lifelike face molding, beautiful embroidery and other folk culture and art are all brilliant, especially folk painting more people marveled.

Qixian: the treasure of Jinzhong, as early as six thousand years ago, the Yangshao culture of the Neolithic era, there are ancestors settled.

The county town of Qixian was built in the Northern Wei Dynasty during the reign of Emperor Xiaowen, and has a history of more than 1,500 years.

Qixian County is home to many famous people, including Qi Huangyang, Wang Yun, Wen Peak, Wen Tingyun and Dai Tingshi.

The famous Qixian Qiao family compound, the Drainage family compound is a residential boutique in the late Qing Dynasty and early Civil War.

The ancient city of Qixian is full of ancient stores and temples, full of brick carvings and stone carvings, paintings and colorings.

Ancient book collections, historical relics, folk art colorful.

Qixian rice-planting song has a long history, the Lantern Festival is a joy to see, wax molding, face molding, paper-cutting, are fully embodied in the ancient Yellow River culture in Qixian's deep sedimentation.

Xinjiang County: Jinnan Mall, since the Northern Wei Dynasty began to set up the state to set up counties, is a famous ancient city in the southwestern part of Shanxi and the place of business, set of Sui, Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming, and Qing cultural relics in a city, the main Jiang Shouju Garden Pond, the Jiangzhou Hall, the Longxing Temple Inner Room Pagoda, and so on.

The well-preserved "Jiangzhu Post" is one of the four most famous posters in the country.

In addition, there are Jiangzhou Drum Tower, Bell Tower, Music Tower, and Jiyi Temple Mural.

Xinjiang is a place of great talent, where Xunzi, Wang Zhilu, Gao Keming and Li Yuxiu were born.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Folk and Customs Tourism Resources

Taigu, Qixian, Linfen, Yangcheng, Jincheng, Hunyuan, Shuozhou, Xiangfen, Dingxiang and other places have preserved a large number of residential buildings of the Ming and Qing dynasties.

Xiangfen Dingcun Folk Museum, Qixian Folk Museum, Dingxiang Folk Museum focuses on the folk tradition of Jinnan, Jinzhong, Xinzhou region, the age of customs, marriage and mourning, etiquette and customs, folk crafts and agricultural production, cultural and recreational activities typical of the northern folklore.

For details, see Shanxi Folklore on this site

Specialty products and snacks: Fen wine from Xinghuacun, Shanxi noodle dishes, Pingyao lacquerware, Xinjiang cloud carvings, lacquer engraved ware, Datong copperware and other products have a long history and are famous both at home and abroad.

Folk Songs: Shanxi is known as the "Ocean of Folk Songs".

Long-established, as early as the Spring and Autumn Period, there is a great achievement, "Poetry" in the "Tang Feng", "Wei Feng", including the "False Sandalwood", "Mouse" are Shanxi folk songs.

There are more than a hundred counties in Shanxi, and almost every county has its own folk songs.

According to statistics, there are now more than 20,000 folk songs collected.

The folk songs of Shanxi are not only numerous, but also very distinctive in local color.

The folk songs of different parts of Shanxi are very different in artistic style.

The folk songs around Hequ, Baode, and Yiguan have a high pitch and a big jump in the tone line, so they sound like the unique vastness and majesty of the Plateau of the Seychelles, and the lyrics are simple and straightforward, spicy, and in the simplicity of the bright and cheerfulness, they are full of wit and the beauty of the twists and turns.

Xinzhou, Dingxiang folk songs, Datong, Yanggao, Shuo County folk songs, compared to the Hequ folk songs, and each has its own characteristics.

Zuoquan folk songs have formed their own vein, fresh, soft and charming.

There are many "three beat" love songs, which is not found in other folk songs.

Qixian, Taigu folk songs, as well as Shouyang, Taiyuan folk songs, both in content and form, are more flexible, free, rich in change.

The folk songs in the area of Huguan, Jincheng, Yangcheng and Qingshui in the southeast of the country, the tune is old-fashioned, and the smell of local customs is heavy.

The folk songs of Qinyuan County are good at expressing the warm feelings of local farmers in real life, with a strong contemporary flavor.

Folk dance: many experts also called Shanxi "folk dance township".

According to the Tang Su osprey "Su's evolution", as far as the pre-Qin, Taiyuan region to "war Chiyu" as the content of the more beautiful dance popular among the people.

In the Yuncheng Hou village excavation of Han tombs, has also been found carved with men and women dancing relative to the dance of the "hundred theater building" model.

In the Tang Dynasty tombs excavated in other parts of Shanxi, there are also a number of images of dancing children with good posture.

Shanxi has many types of folk dances, so far, there are still about two hundred kinds.

Such as: "drum dance" on the "flower drum", "turn the drum", "flower celebration drum, "Fan drum", "five tigers climbing the mountain", "wear box gongs and drums", "waist drum", "mouth flower drums", "tooth drums" and so on nearly more than 20 kinds.

Shanxi "flower drums", a variety of forms, high drums (drums hanging chest), low drums (drums hanging waist), more drums (waist, chest, shoulder each hanging a drum) and so on.

Shanxi "flower encouragement" to Yuncheng, Linfen area for the prevalence.

Such as Wanrong County, seventeen townships, there are thirteen townships have flower drum team.

Some towns have a stack of flower drums on every street, which is known as the "flower drum township".

The "Yangge Dance" in Shanxi spreads all over the three jin regions.

It can be broadly divided into the North Road "kicking drums rice-planting dance", "Fenxiao land rice-planting dance", "Yuanping wind rice-planting dance", "Zuoquan small flower opera dance", "small flower opera dance", "small flower opera dance", "small flower opera dance", "small flower opera dance", "small flower opera dance", "small flower opera dance". The "Little Flower Opera Dance", "Houma Baidian Rice-planting Dance", "Linfen Umbrella Rice-planting Dance" and several other types.

In addition, there are "lion dance", "dragon dance", "stilts", "dry boat",

Shanxi folk dance has three distinctive features.

First, reflecting the social life of the deep, delicate and realistic expression of feelings, and the combination of form and content is very tacit understanding.

Secondly, the drama is strong.

Regardless of the kind of dance, are wearing theater costumes, face makeup, are also theater-style.

In the content of the performance, there is also a lot of use of the theater plot.

Third, the theater, song and dance mixed, such as Hequ's "two people Taiwan", both folk songs and folk dance.

There is also the unity of acrobatics, dance and theater.

Such as "stilts", "dry boat", "Lion Dance", "Dragon Dance", "back stick", "iron stick" and so on.

Folk music: Shanxi, has a rich folk music heritage and unique folk music development soil.

For example, the Chinese national music only historical records of one of the earliest and most famous musician Shi Kuang, is the Shanxi Hongdong people.

He was a musician of the state of Jin during the Spring and Autumn Period, and the famous songs of China's ancient times, such as "Yangchun" and "Baixue", came from him.

There are a lot of precious "classical music" in Shanxi, and many of them are still in folklore.

Now we see the Shanxi folk instruments, most of them are passed down from ancient times.

These instruments, mainly silk and bamboo, such as the sheng, pipe, flute, huqin, panhu, three strings, suona, pipa, zheng, bawu, a variety of drums, cymbals, cymbals, gongs, cymbals, etc., Shanxi's folk music is divided into three categories.

A class of drummers from all over the class playing the "drums and drums instrumental music", Shanxi's drums and drums all over the province, and Xinzhou and Jinzhong area of the largest and most famous.

Such as Yuanping, Fanchi, Daixian area of the "big victory" and "eight sets" and so on.

A class is played by the masses around the red fire with a variety of musical instruments tunes, the most famous is Changzhi's "eight sound will" and Hongdong's "wind gongs and drums" and so on.

A class is handed down by the monks and Taoist "temple music" or monks and Taoist miscellaneous music.

The most influential to be played by the monks of Wutai Mountain temple music.

Folk instrumental music in Shanxi, often combined with the art of rap.

Folk instrumental music in Shanxi was often combined with the art of rapping, such as "Lu'an Drum Book", "Xiangyuan Drum Book", "Jinbei Daoxiang", "Yongji Daoxiang", "Yangji Daoxiang", and "Yangjie Daoxiang". "Yangcheng Daoxiang", "Yicheng qinshu", "Wuxiang qinshu" and so on, have such characteristics.

The art of opera: Shanxi is one of the birthplaces of Chinese opera art, as early as the Han Dynasty, Shanxi appeared in the budding opera.

By the Northern Song Dynasty, Shanxi is active everywhere, such as burlesque, shadow play, song and dance theater, a hundred plays, skill plays and other local theater, these local theater at that time has been the prototype of Chinese opera.

Later, Kong Sanchuan, a raconteur from Zezhou (present-day Jincheng), changed the monogong tune to zhugong tune, which raised Shanxi's opera, and indeed the whole country's opera, to a new stage.

By the Yuan Dynasty, the art of opera was becoming more and more prosperous, and Shanxi, not only "famous actors and actresses", but also became the center of the art of national opera.

Only the Yuan Dynasty theater and the argument, the Yuan Dynasty theater found in the country, basically in Jinnan, Shanxi.

Such as Linfen Wei Village, Niowang Temple to the Yuan 20 years of construction of the "Le Pavilion", Linfen Dongguan Village to the Yuan five years of construction of the theater, Yicheng Wuchi Village, Qiao Ze Temple to the Yuan nine years of construction of the music building and so on.

By the Ming Dynasty, Shanxi Puzhou, Shaanxi Tongzhou, Henan Shaanzhou area of folk artists, and boldly the northern opera singing reform, the huqin, gongs and drums, suona, etc. absorbed into the opera, especially out of the need to change the board style and add a payment of jujube wooden clappers, so that there is a "Puzhou clappers" play in Shanxi.

After the Puzhou clappers and Jinzhong, Jinbei, Jin Dongnan and other places of the local theater and custom combination, and gradually formed the middle of the clappers, the north of the clappers, Shangdang clappers.

In addition, Shanxi has a wide variety of opera, more than 300 types of opera, Shanxi has fifty-four, accounting for one-sixth.

There are now more than 200 professional troupes in Shanxi, employing 15,000 people.

Among the fifty-four styles of opera, Zhonglu Bangkas has taken advantage of the strengths of many, and for geographical and historical reasons, it has gradually developed into the representative opera of Shanxi, which is why it is also known as "Shanxi Bangkas" and "Jin Opera.

The art of paper-cutting: The art of paper-cutting in Shanxi is basically divided into two categories: rough and simple monochrome paper-cutting and soft and gentle colorful dyed paper-cutting, in terms of style.

The former is found in Jinnan, Southeast Jin, Jinzhong, and Northwest Jin, while the latter is concentrated in Yanbei, especially Guangling.

In Shanxi's folk paper-cutting, there are a lot of patterns that are designed with harmonic techniques.

For example, the image of "chicken", "Xin", "Ruyi" to express the "good luck"; with the The image of "lotus" and "fish" indicates "good fortune for many years"; the image of "lotus flower" and "osmanthus flower" are used, "Lotus", "osmanthus" and other images to indicate that "even the birth of a son" and so on.

There are also patterns of legendary symbols, such as "deer", "crane" that longevity, "dragon", "phoenix" grouped together to indicate that the wedding ceremony.

In a large number of paper-cutting works, it can be seen to "dragon", "snake", "fish", "frog" as the contents of the pattern In a large number of paper-cutting works, it can be seen that the "dragon", "snake", "fish", "frog" as the content of the most patterns, which is the biggest feature of the Chinese culture of the dragon and snake as a totem.

Shanxi folk paper cutting is not only realistic and vivid, but also extremely rich in artistic imagination.

Shanxi folk paper-cutting and the masses of various folk activities, including traditional festivals throughout the year, rituals and customs and birth, marriage, longevity, funeral, etc. closely linked.

Shadow art: Shanxi shadow art, as early as the Song Dynasty in China has been widely spread.

Shadows are mostly carved out of cowhide, and the modeling is extremely rich, ranging from the sky to the ground, from figures to animals and birds.

Shadows are composed of flat curves, and the characters are all sideways, with a variety of roles, such as the actor, actor, purity, end, and clown, which are similar to the faces and costumes of the theaters.

During the performance, three small sticks are used to manipulate the body and limbs of the shadow figures, and the image is projected on the "paper window" or "sand window" with the help of light, which looks interesting.

The art of woodblock prints: Shanxi woodblock prints began in the Song and Jin dynasties.

Among them, Jinnan woodblock prints, with Hebei Wuqiang New Year's paintings, Tianjin Yangliuqing New Year's paintings, Suzhou Peach Blossom Dock New Year's paintings.

Shanxi woodblock prints, the content is mostly auspicious and festive, the common form of lamp painting, painting, screen, tribute paper, window painting, door painting, stove niche painting, shadow wall painting, door painting, table skirt painting and so on.

Shanxi's woodblock prints are full of composition, bright colors, concise lines, rugged, and highly decorative.

--------------------------------------------------------------------------------

Status of tourism in Shanxi

In a comprehensive evaluation of national tourism resources a few years ago, Shanxi was surprisingly ranked first. Surprisingly, Shanxi ranked first, but at present, the tourism revenue of Shanxi province is at the bottom of the country, the main reason is that the first is not enough development, which is inseparable from the current overall economic situation in Shanxi province; the second is the lack of publicity, which is mainly due to the lack of attention of the *** department as well as the backwardness of the concept of the cause.

In addition, there are some weaknesses in Shanxi tourism resources themselves that also constrain the development of tourism in Shanxi.

First, Shanxi attractions are mainly historical places.

This determines the interest in this is often a certain cultural level of tourists, and they only account for a small portion of the tourists, and many of them belong to the tour, visit, visit and not self-funded tourism.

Second, the attractions are scattered, transportation is inconvenient.

Shanxi's special topography makes travel a more difficult grind, road conditions and backwardness of the passenger economy makes most of the attractions in Shanxi is only suitable for driving or travel with the group and not convenient for self-help trips, the author in the process of self-help trips to the y touched by this.

Third, the poor natural environment.

Shanxi itself is more sandy, more coal dust, and industrial pollution is exacerbated by the deterioration of the ecological environment, making foreign tourists extremely disappointed.

The distribution of tourism resources in Shanxi, according to administrative divisions can be divided into Taiyuan, Datong, Shuozhou, Xinzhou, Jinzhong, Lvliang, Yangquan, Yuncheng, Linfen, Changzhi, Jincheng eleven cities, according to the distribution of tourist routes and attractions to be divided, there is no uniform standard, there are a variety of forms of division, this site is divided as follows:

First, Datong Tourism District.

The main attractions are the Yungang Grottoes in Datong, Huayan Temple, Shanhua Temple, Nine Dragons, Hanyuan County's Mount Everest, Hanging Temple, Ying County's Wooden Pagoda, Yanmen Pass in Dai County, Yang Zhongwu Ancestral Hall, Bian Jing Lou, Zhao Gao Guan and so on.

Second, Wutai tourist area.

The main attractions are the Wutai Mountain temple complex, Wutai Mountain natural scenery.

Third, Hukou tourist area.

The main attractions are the Hukou Waterfall and along the route of Guangsheng Temple, Yao Temple, the Great Sophora Tree, Su three prisons and so on.

Fourth, Jinzhong tourist area.

The main attractions are the Jin Ancestral Temple in Taiyuan, Pingyao Ancient City and Shuanglin Temple in Pingyao County, Wang Family Residence and Mianshan in Lingshi County, Qiao Family Residence and Drainage Family Residence in Qixian County, and Cao Family Residence in Taigu County.

V. Yuncheng tourist area.

The main attractions are Xiezhou Guandi Temple, Changping Guandi Temple, Salt Pond, Pu Rescue Temple, Yellow River Iron Bull, Yongle Palace, Feiyun Building, Autumn Wind Building, Wulao Peak, Wangguan Valley, Xiaolangdi and so on.

Six, Taihang Tourism Zone.

That is, Changzhi, Jincheng two cities tourism area, the main attractions are Qingshui County, Liu's residence, Yangcheng County, the Python River, Huangcheng Xiangfu, grinding beach, Huguan County, the Grand Canyon of Taihang, Licheng County, Huang Yacheng, Lingshuan County, Wangmangling, Xiyagou, Wujia Bend and so on.

Seven, other tourist attractions.

The main attractions are Mount Luya, Pangquan Gou, Niangziguan, Lingkong Mountain and so on.

There are many tourist attractions in Shanxi, which can be roughly divided into five categories.

First, the traditional trump card attractions.

These attractions have long been famous, have a greater influence in the country, for Shanxi tourism ace, mainly including: Yungang Grottoes, Hanging Temple, Yingxian Wooden Pagoda, Wutai Mountain, Jin Temple.

Second, the emerging trump card attractions.

These attractions, although famous throughout the country, but in fact most of the mid-eighties only began to develop and go to the country, including: Hukou Waterfalls, Pingyao Ancient City, Shuanglin Temple, Wang's compound, Qiao's compound.

Third, the traditional excellent attractions.

These attractions have long been tourist attractions, there are many aspects are not inferior to the first two types of attractions, but due to a variety of reasons for the constraints, their influence in the country is not yet large, mainly including: Guangsheng Temple, Yao Temple, Dahuai Tree, Su three prisons, GuanDi Temple, PuSuoSi Temple, Yellow River Iron Cow, YongLeGong, HengShan, Maiden, PangQuanGou and so on.

Fourth, emerging excellent attractions.

These attractions have been vigorously developed and publicized in recent years, and have become the provincial tourism hotspots, mainly including Mianshan Mountain, Luya Mountain, Yuwang Cave, Xinzhou Hot Springs, Huangcheng Xiangfu, Taihang Grand Canyon and so on.

V. Attractions under development or ready for development.

These attractions are beautiful, but due to economic and other reasons are in the state of development or not yet developed, mainly including Alexandria, Liu's residence, Wulaofeng, Python River, grinding beach, Xiaolangdi, Lingkong Mountain, Wangmangling, Xiyagou, Wujiahuang and so on.