What does computer software system maintenance include?

Physical security refers to the prevention of accidents or man-made damage to specific physical equipment, such as servers, switches, routers, cabinets, lines, etc. The keys to the computer room and cabinet must be well managed. Don't let irrelevant personnel enter the computer room at will, especially the computer room in the network center, to prevent vandalism.

Step 2 set up security

Setting security refers to making necessary settings (such as passwords of servers and switches) on devices to prevent hackers from gaining remote control of hardware devices. For example, many network administrators usually don't set the necessary passwords on manageable servers or switches. People who know network equipment management technology can gain control of servers or switches through the network, which is very dangerous. As the router belongs to the access equipment, it is bound to be exposed to the vision of Internet hackers, so it is necessary to take stricter security management measures, such as password encryption and loading strict access lists.

Security protection of software system

Compared with hardware system, the security problems of software system are the most and the most complicated.

Now TCP/IP protocol is widely used in various networks. However, the TCP/IP protocol originated from the Internet. The early Internet was an open Internet for researchers and a completely non-profit information sharing carrier, so almost all Internet protocols did not consider the security mechanism. Another factor of network insecurity is that people can easily obtain relevant core technical data from the Internet, especially technical data about the Internet itself and various hacker software, which can easily cause network security problems.

safety precautions

Facing the endless network security problems, we are not helpless. We can start from the following aspects to nip in the bud.

1. Install the patch

Any operating system has loopholes, and it is the responsibility of the network system administrator to patch it in time. Most small and medium-sized enterprise servers use Microsoft's Windows NT/2000/2003 operating system. Because there are so many users, so many bugs are found, and so many people deliberately attack. In order to make up for the security holes in the operating system, Microsoft has provided many patches on its website, and you can download and install related upgrade packages online. Windows2003 should be upgraded to at least SP 1, Windows 2000 should be upgraded to at least Service Pack 2, and Windows NT 4.0 should be upgraded to at least Service Pack 6.

2. Install and set up a firewall

Now there are many firewalls based on hardware or software, such as products of Huawei, Digital China, Lenovo and Rising. For intranet, it is very necessary to install firewall. Firewall has a good preventive effect on illegal access, but everything will be fine after installing the firewall, but it only needs to be set correctly to work. If you don't know the firewall settings, you need to ask technical support personnel to help set them up.

3. Install network antivirus software.

Now that the virus is rampant on the Internet, everyone must have tasted the power of Nimda virus. This requires installing online antivirus software on the network server to control the spread of the virus. At present, most anti-virus vendors (such as Rising, Guanqun Gina, Trend, Symantec, Panda, etc. ) have launched online antivirus software. At the same time, when using online antivirus software, it is necessary to upgrade the antivirus software regularly or in time.

4. Account number and password protection

Account and password protection can be said to be the first line of defense of the system. At present, most of the attacks on the system on the Internet start from intercepting or guessing passwords. Once a hacker enters the system, the previous defense measures are almost useless, so it is very important to manage the account and password of the server system administrator to ensure the system security.

The password of the system administrator must have a large number of digits, at least more than 8 digits, and cannot be set as an easily guessed password, such as your own name and date of birth. For ordinary users, set certain account management strategies, such as forcing users to change their passwords once a month. Close some unusual accounts, such as anonymous login accounts.

5, monitoring system log

By running the system log program, the system will record all users' use of the system, including the latest login time, accounts used and activities carried out. The recorder will generate reports regularly. By analyzing the report, you can know whether there is anything unusual.

6. Shut down unnecessary services and ports.

After the server operating system is installed, some unnecessary services will be started, which will occupy the resources of the system and increase the security risks of the system. For servers that are not used at all on holidays, they can be completely shut down; For servers used during holidays, you should turn off unnecessary services, such as Telnet. In addition, it is necessary to close unnecessary TCP ports.

7. Back up the server regularly.

In order to prevent accidental system failure or careless illegal operation of users, it is necessary to make a safe backup of the system. In addition to the monthly backup of the whole system, the modified data should be backed up once a week. At the same time, the modified important system files should be stored in different servers, so that when the system crashes (usually hard disk errors), the system can be restored to normal state in time.